Method and apparatus for generating notification of changed conditions behind a vehicle

• US 6,552,656 B2
• Filed: 04/12/2001
• Issued: 04/22/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/12/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: TomTom Navigation B.V (TomTom NV)
• Original Assignee: Horizon Navigation, Inc.
• Inventors: Nolan, James, Polidi, Ari I.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Toan Ngoc
• Application Number:
  US09/834,556
• Publication Number:
  US 20020149475A1
• Time in Patent Office: 740 Days
• Field of Search: 340/436, 340/425.5, 340/435, 340/438, 340/903, 340/904, 701/301, 180/169, 180/271, 180/274
• US Class Current: 340/436
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2556/50 of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/9315 Monitoring blind spots
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/9322 using additional data, e.g. driver condition, road state or weather data
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/00 Image analysis

Abstract

According to the present invention, methods and apparatus are provided to generate notification about condition changes behind a vehicle. Information about a first set of conditions behind a vehicle is gathered at a first point in time. Information can be gathered using imaging devices, infrared detectors, distance meters, light intensity sensors, and timing devices. At a later point in time, information about a second set of conditions behind the vehicle is gathered. The information gathered at a first point in time is compared to the information gathered at the later point in time to determine differences between the conditions behind the vehicle. If the differences meet a notification criterion, a notification is generated conveying information about the changed conditions behind the vehicle.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for conveying information about a change in conditions behind a vehicle, the method comprising:

gathering first information about a first set of conditions behind the vehicle at a first time;

gathering second information about a second set of conditions behind the vehicle at a second time later than the first time;

comparing the first information and the second information to determine a plurality of differences between the first set of conditions and the second set of conditions behind the vehicle;

determining whether the plurality of differences meet a notification criterion, wherein determining whether the plurality of differences meet the notification criterion comprises combining the plurality of differences with a plurality of weighting factors to derive a composite difference; and

generating a notification conveying information about a change in conditions behind a vehicle where the plurality of differences meet the notification criterion.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein gathering first information about the first condition behind the vehicle occurs when the vehicle is stopped.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein gathering first information about the first condition behind the vehicle occurs when the vehicle is parked.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein gathering second information occurs upon recognizing that the vehicle is in reverse.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein gathering second information occurs upon recognizing that the vehicle is started.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the first information and the second information comprises:

creating a first archetype from first information about first conditions; and

creating a second archetype from second information about second conditions.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

subtracting the first archetype from the second archetype to determine the difference between first information and second information.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

assigning a quantitative value to the difference between first information and second information.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein significant differences between first information and second information exist when the quantitative value exceeds a predetermined value.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises determining differences in light intensity levels.

11. The method of claim 6, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using digital imagery.

12. The method of claim 6, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using infrared imagery.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein the quantitative value is multiplied by a weighting factor.

14. A computer-implemented method for conveying information about changed conditions behind a vehicle, the method comprising:

gathering first information about first rearward conditions;

recognizing that the vehicle is in reverse;

gathering second information about second rearward conditions, wherein gathering second information about second rearward conditions occurs after gathering first information about first rearward conditions;

creating a first archetype from first information about first rearward conditions;

creating a second archetype from second information about second rearward conditions;

comparing the first and second archetypes to determine differences between first rearward conditions and second rearward conditions behind the vehicle; and

generating a notification conveying information about changed conditions behind a vehicle upon determining that the differences resemble a third archetype stored in a database.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein gathering first information about the first rearward conditions occurs when the vehicle is stopped.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein gathering first information about the first rearward conditions behind the vehicle occurs when the vehicle is parked.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

subtracting the first archetype from the second archetype to determine the difference between first information and second information.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

assigning a quantitative value to the difference between first information and second information.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein significant differences between first information and second information exist when the quantitative value exceeds a predetermined value.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises determining differences in light intensity levels.

21. The method of claim 14, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using digital imagery.

22. The method of claim 14, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using infrared imagery.

23. The method of claim 18, wherein the quantitative value is multiplied by a weighting factor.

24. A computer program product comprising a machine readable medium on which is provided program instructions for conveying information about a change in conditions behind a vehicle, the computer program product comprising:

computer code for gathering first information about a first set of conditions behind the vehicle at a first time;

computer code for gathering second information about a second set of conditions behind the vehicle at a second time later than the first time;

computer code for comparing the first information and the second information to determine a plurality of differences between the first set of conditions and the second set of conditions behind the vehicle;

computer code for determining whether the plurality of differences meet a notification criterion, wherein determining whether the plurality of differences meet the notification criterion comprises combining the plurality of differences with a plurality of weighting factors to derive a composite difference; and

computer code for generating a notification conveying information about a change in conditions behind a vehicle where the plurality of differences meet the notification criterion.

25. The computer program product of claim 24 wherein gathering first information about the first condition behind the vehicle occurs when the vehicle is stopped.

26. The computer program product of claim 25 wherein gathering first information about the first condition behind the vehicle occurs when the vehicle is parked.

27. The method of claim 24, wherein gathering second information occurs upon recognizing that the vehicle is in reverse.

28. The computer program product of claim 24, wherein gathering second information occurs upon recognizing that the vehicle is started.

29. The computer program product of claim 24, wherein comparing the first information and the second information comprises:

creating a first archetype from first information about first conditions; and

creating a second archetype from second information about second conditions.

30. The computer program product of claim 29, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

subtracting the first archetype from the second archetype to determine the difference between first information and second information.

31. The computer program product of claim 30, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

assigning a quantitative value to the difference between first information and second information.

32. The computer program product of claim 31, wherein significant differences between first information and second information exist when the quantitative value exceeds a predetermined value.

33. The computer program product of claim 29, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises determining differences in light intensity levels.

34. The computer program product of claim 29, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using digital imagery.

35. The computer program product of claim 29, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using infrared imagery.

36. The computer program product of claim 31, wherein the quantitative value is multiplied by a weighting factor.

37. An apparatus for conveying information about changed conditions behind a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:

a sensor system for generating data representations of a first set of conditions behind a vehicle at a first time and a second set of conditions behind a vehicle at a second time;

a processor coupled to the sensor system, the processor configured to compare the data representations of the first and second set of conditions behind the vehicle to determine a composite difference between the first set of conditions and the second set of conditions, wherein determining the composite difference comprises determining a plurality of differences and combining the plurality of differences using weighting factors;

a notification device coupled to the processor, wherein a notification about changed conditions behind a vehicle is conveyed upon determining that the differences meet a notification criterion.

38. The apparatus of claim 37 wherein gathering first information about the first condition behind the vehicle occurs when the vehicle is stopped.

39. The apparatus of claim 38 wherein gathering first information about the first condition behind the vehicle occurs when the vehicle is parked.

40. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein gathering second information occurs upon recognizing that the vehicle is in reverse.

41. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein gathering second information occurs upon recognizing that the vehicle is started.

42. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein comparing the first information and the second information comprises:

creating a first archetype from first information about first conditions; and

creating a second archetype from second information about second conditions.

43. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

subtracting the first archetype from the second archetype to determine the difference between first information and second information.

44. The apparatus of claim 43, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises:

assigning a quantitative value to the difference between first information and second information.

45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein significant differences between first information and second information exist when the quantitative value exceeds a predetermined value.

46. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein comparing the first information and the second information further comprises determining differences in light intensity levels.

47. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using digital imagery.

48. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the first archetype and the second archetype are generated using infrared imagery.

49. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the quantitative value is multiplied by a weighting factor.

50. The apparatus of claim 49, wherein the quantitative value and the weighting factor are used to determine a composite value.