METHOD FOR DYNAMICALLY DELIVERING CONTENTS ENCAPSULATED WITH CAPSULE OVERVIEWS CORRESONDING TO THE PLURALITY OF DOCUMENTS, RESOLVING CO-REFERENTIALITY RELATED TO FREQUENCY WITHIN DOCUMENT, DETERMINING TOPIC STAMPS FOR EACH DOCUMENT SEGMENTS

• US 6,553,373 B2
• Filed: 11/29/2001
• Issued: 04/22/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Boguraev, Branimir, Bellamy, Rachel Katherine Emma, Wong, Yin Yin
• Primary Examiner(s): CHANNAVAJJALA, SRIRAMA T
• Application Number:
  US09/998,406
• Publication Number:
  US 20020133480A1
• Time in Patent Office: 509 Days
• Field of Search: 707/1-10, 707/100-104, 707/200-205, 707/500.1, 707/501.1, 707/511-515, 707/907-908, 707/530-531, 713/200, 709/240-245, 704/9-10
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/345 Summarisation for human users
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/109 Font handling; Temporal or kinetic typography
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/917 Text
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/956 Hierarchical
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99931 Database or file accessing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99933 Query processing, i.e. searching
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99935 Query augmenting and refining, e.g. inexact access
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99936 Pattern matching access
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99942 Manipulating data structure, e.g. compression, compaction, compilation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99943 Generating database or data structure, e.g. via user interface
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99945 Object-oriented database structure processing

Abstract

A method for the dynamic presentation of the contents of a plurality of documents on a display is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a plurality of documents and providing a plurality of topically rich capsule overviews corresponding to the plurality of documents. The method also includes dynamically delivering document content encapsulated in the plurality of capsule overviews. In so doing, the method in accordance with the present invention can present thematic capsule overviews of the documents to users. The capsule overviews, delivered in a variety of dynamic presentation modes, allow the user to quickly get a sense of what a document is about, and decide whether they want to read it in more detail. In a preferred embodiment, the capsule overviews include a containment hierarchy which relates the different information levels in a document together, and which includes a collection of highly salient topic stamps embedded in layers of progressively richer and more informative contextualized text fragments. The novel presentation metaphors which the invention utilizes are based on notions of temporal typography, in particular for exploiting the interactions between form and content.

Claims

1. A computer readable medium containing programming instructions for dynamically presenting the contents of a plurality of documents on a display, the programming instructions for:

a) receiving a plurality of documents;

b) generating a plurality of capsule overviews corresponding to the plurality of documents by utilizing the following instructions for each document;

1) identifying a plurality of discourse referents in the document;

2) dividing the document into topically relevant document segments;

3) resolving co-referentiality among the discourse referents within, and across, the document segments, wherein the resolving step comprises linking the discourse referents by co-referentiality with each other to assess a frequency with which they appear within the document and to establish prominence;

4) calculating discourse salience values for the discourse referents based upon the resolving step;

5) determining topic stamps for each of the document segments based upon discourse salience values of the associated discourse referents; and

6) providing a capsule overview of the document, constructed from the topic stamps; and

c) dynamically delivering document content as encapsulated within the plurality of capsule overviews.

2. The computer readable medium of claim 1 wherein the plurality of capsule overviews include a containment hierarchy.

3. The computer readable medium of claim 2 wherein the containment hierarchy of information-bearing units provides different levels of abstractions of the document.

4. The computer readable medium of claim 3 wherein the abstractions comprise at least one topic stamp which is embedded within a plurality of layers of progressively more informative text fragments related to the document.

5. The computer readable medium of claim 4 wherein the discourse salience values are indicative of the relative importance of the discourse referents.

6. The computer readable medium of claim 5 wherein the document content is delivered via a TopicsTicker viewer.

7. The computer readable medium of claim 2, wherein the containment hierarchy is accessed automatically.

8. The computer readable medium of claim 7 wherein the document content is delivered via a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation viewer.

9. The computer readable medium of claim 8 wherein the instruction for delivering document content (c) further includes the programming instructions for:

(c1) cycling through a plurality of topic stamps and their associated relational contexts for the plurality of documents.

10. The computer readable medium of claim 9 wherein the instruction for cycling (c1) further includes instructions for:

(c1i) selecting a document from the plurality of documents;

(c1ii) selecting a topic stamp from the document from the capsule overview;

(c1iii) selecting a relational context relating to the topic stamp from the capsule overview;

(c1iv) retrieving a canonical form of the topic stamp from the capsule overview;

(c1v) displaying the topic stamp in background and the relational context in the foreground for a time period that is calculated automatically; and

(c1vi) repeating steps (c1i)-(c1v) for the plurality of documents.

11. The computer readable medium of claim 10 wherein the topic stamp and relational context zoom in and out.

12. The computer readable medium of claim 10 wherein the time period for display is calculated based on amount of the relational context.

13. The computer readable medium of claim 12 wherein the topic stamp and relational context are displayed at different intensities.

14. The computer readable medium of claim 13 wherein the topic stamp is dark and relational context is translucent.

15. The computer readable medium of claim 7 wherein the document content is delivered via a ViewTool viewer.

16. The computer readable medium of claim 2 wherein the containment hierarchy is accessed manually.

17. The computer readable medium of claim 16 wherein the document content is delivered via a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation viewer.

18. The computer readable medium of claim 16 wherein the document content is delivered via a ViewTool viewer.

19. The computer readable medium of claim 1 wherein the data is displayed via a screen saver.

20. The computer readable medium of claim 1 wherein the data is displayed on a large screen projection.

21. The computer readable medium of claim 1 wherein the data is displayed in a background window on a computer.

22. A system for dynamically presenting the contents of a plurality of documents on a display, comprising:

means for receiving a plurality of documents;

a memory for storing the plurality of documents;

a processor coupled to the memory functioning to generate a plurality of capsule overviews corresponding to the plurality of documents, wherein, for each document, the processor identifies a plurality of discourse referents in the document, divides the document into topically relevant document segments, resolves co-referentiality among the discourse referents within, and across, the document segments, calculates discourse salience values for the discourse referents based upon the resolving, determines topic stamps for each of the document segments based upon discourse salience values of the associated discourse referents, and provides a capsule overview of the document, constructed from the topic stamps; and

a display for delivering document content as encapsulated within the plurality of capsule overviews.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the plurality of capsule overviews include a containment hierarchy.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the containment hierarchy of information-bearing units provides different levels of abstractions of the document.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the abstractions comprise at least one topic stamp which is embedded within a plurality of layers of progressively more informative text fragments related to the document.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein the discourse salience values are indicative of the relative importance of the discourse referents.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein the display delivers the document content via a TopicsTicker viewer.

28. The system of claim 23, wherein the containment hierarchy is accessed automatically.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein the display delivers the document content via a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation viewer.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein the Rapid Serial Visual Presentation viewer cycles through a plurality of topic stamps and their associated relational contexts for the plurality of documents.

31. The system of claim 28, wherein the display delivers the document content via a ViewTool viewer.

32. The system of claim 22, wherein the document content is delivered via a screen saver.

33. The system of claim 22, wherein the document content is delivered via a background window on a computer.

34. The system of claim 22, wherein the system is a computer system in communication with a plurality of electronic devices via a network.

35. The system of claim 22, wherein the system is a server in communication with a plurality of client systems via a network.

36. A method for dynamically presenting the contents of a plurality of documents on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

a) receiving a plurality of documents;

b) generating a plurality of capsule overviews corresponding to the plurality of documents, wherein the generating step further includes the steps of;

1) identifying a plurality of discourse referents in the document;

2) dividing the document into topically relevant document segments; and

3) for each discourse referent, linking the discourse referent by co-referentiality to each other within, and across, the document segments to assess a frequency with which it appears within the document thereby determining prominence of the discourse referent; and

c) dynamically delivering document content as encapsulated within the plurality of capsule overviews.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the generating step (b) further includes the steps of:

4) calculating discourse salience values for the discourse referents based upon the linking step;

5) determining topic stamps for each of the document segments based upon discourse salience values of the associated discourse referents; and

6) providing a capsule overview of the document, constructed from the topic stamps.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the plurality of capsule overviews include a containment hierarchy.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the containment hierarchy of information-bearing units provides different levels of abstractions of the document.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein the abstractions comprise at least one topic stamp which is embedded within a plurality of layers of progressively more informative text fragments related to the document.

41. The method of claim 40, wherein the discourse salience values are indicative of the relative importance of the discourse referents.

42. A computer readable medium containing programming instructions for dynamically presenting the contents of a plurality of documents on a display, the programming instructions for:

a) receiving a plurality of documents;

b) generating a plurality of capsule overviews corresponding to the plurality of documents, wherein the generating instructions further include the instructions for;

1) identifying a plurality of discourse referents in the document;

2) dividing the document into topically relevant document segments; and

3) for each discourse referent, linking the discourse referent by co-referentiality to each other within, and across, the document segments to assess a frequency with which it appears within the document thereby determining prominence of the discourse referent; and

c) dynamically delivering document content as encapsulated within the plurality of capsule overviews.

43. The computer readable medium of claim 42, wherein the generating instruction (b) further includes instructions for:

4) calculating discourse salience values for the discourse referents based upon the linking step;

5) determining topic stamps for each of the document segments based upon discourse salience values of the associated discourse referents; and

6) providing a capsule overview of the document, constructed from the topic stamps.

44. The computer readable medium of claim 43, wherein the plurality of capsule overviews include a containment hierarchy.

45. The computer readable medium of claim 44, wherein the containment hierarchy of information-bearing units provides different levels of abstractions of the document.

46. The computer readable medium of claim 45, wherein the abstractions comprise at least one topic stamp which is embedded within a plurality of layers of progressively more informative text fragments related to the document.

47. The computer readable medium of claim 46, wherein the discourse salience values are indicative of the relative importance of the discourse referents.