System for fast lock and acquisition of ultra-wideband signals

• US 6,556,621 B1
• Filed: 03/29/2000
• Issued: 04/29/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alereon Incorporated (PNG Telecommunications, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Time Domain Corporation (Humatics Corporation)
• Inventors: Welch, Jr., William D., Stanley, Randall S., Richards, James L., Fullerton, Larry W., Cowie, Ivan A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ha, Dac V.
• Application Number:
  US09/538,292
• Time in Patent Office: 1,126 Days
• Field of Search: 375/150, 375/325, 375/365, 375/367, 375/368, 375/256
• US Class Current: 375/150
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/71637 Receiver aspects H04B1/7183 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7183 Synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/719 Interference-related aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/6908 using time hopping

Abstract

A system and method for detecting an impulse radio signal obtains a template pulse train and a received impulse radio signal. The system compares the template pulse train and the received impulse radio signal to obtain a comparison result. The system performs a threshold check on the comparison result. If the comparison result passes the threshold check, the system locks on the received impulse radio signal. The system may also perform a quick check, a sychronization check, and/or a command check of the impulse radio signal.

Claims

1. A method for detecting an impulse radio signal, comprising the steps of:

(a) obtaining a template pulse train shifted by an offset;

(b) obtaining a received impulse radio signal;

(c) comparing the template pulse train and the received impulse radio signal to obtain a comparison result;

(d) performing a threshold check on the comparison result; and

(e) if the comparison result fails the threshold check, returning to step (a), and if the comparison result passes the threshold check, locking on the received impulse radio signal.

2. A method as in claim 1, wherein obtaining the template pulse train comprises shifting the template pulse train by the offset and by n lengths of the template pulse train, wherein n is a natural number and 1≦

n.

3. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is approximately ¼

of a wavelength of a pulse in the impulse radio signal.

4. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is greater than approximately a correlation time of a pulse in the impulse radio signal.

5. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is greater than approximately a wavelength of a pulse in the impulse radio signal.

6. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is greater than approximately a time between two pulses in the impulse radio signal.

7. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is determined by a fine step scanning process.

8. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is determined by a coarse step scanning process.

9. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is determined by a reverse binary scanning process.

10. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is determined by a random offset generating process.

11. A method as in claim 2, wherein the offset is determined by a conical scanning process.

12. A method as in claim 1, wherein comparing the template pulse train and the received impulse radio signal comprises correlating and summing the template pulse train and the received impulse radio signal to obtain the comparison result.

13. A method as in claim 1, wherein performing the threshold check comprises comparing the comparison result to a threshold.

14. A method as in claim 1, wherein the template pulse train has a length of approximately one data bit of the received impulse radio signal.

15. A method as in claim 1, wherein the template pulse train has a length greater than approximately one data bit of the received impulse radio signal.

16. A method as in claim 1, wherein the template pulse train has a length less than approximately one data bit of the received impulse radio signal.

17. A method as in claim 1, further comprising:

(f) performing a quick check using the template pulse train and additional received impulse radio signal; and

if the additional received impulse radio signal fails the quick check, returning to step (a).

18. A method as in claim 17, wherein performing the quick check comprises determining whether the template pulse train is aligned with the impulse radio signal via a repetition of steps (a)-(d).

19. A method as in claim 17, wherein performing the quick check comprises repeating steps (a)-(d) for the additional received impulse radio signal until the summation result is greater than or equal to the threshold in step (d) X times or until steps (a)-(d) are repeated Y times, whichever occurs first, wherein X and Y are natural numbers and 1≦

X≦

Y.

20. A method as in claim 17, wherein performing the quick check comprises:

(f.1) shifting the template pulse train;

(f.2) obtaining the additional impulse radio signal;

(f.3) comparing the template pulse train and the additional impulse radio signal to obtain a comparison result;

(f.4) performing a threshold check on the comparison result; and

(f.5) repeating steps (f.1)-(f.4) until the comparison result passes the threshold check X times or until steps (f.1)-(f.4) are repeated Y times, whichever occurs first, wherein X and Y are natural numbers and 1≦

X≦

Y.

21. A method as in claim 17, wherein shifting the template pulse train comprises shifting the template pulse train by n lengths of the template pulse train, wherein n is a natural number and 1≦

n.

22. A method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

(g) performing a synchronization check of further received impulse radio signal;

if the further received impulse radio signal fails the synchronization check, returning to step (a); and

if the further received impulse radio signal passes the synchronization check, obtaining acquisition data comprising synchronization data and command data.

23. A method as in claim 22, wherein the synchronization check comprises comparing the synchronization data with stored synchronization data.

24. A method as in claim 22, wherein the synchronization check comprises locating a beginning of the acquisition data.

25. A method as in claim 22, wherein the synchronization check comprises the steps of:

(g.1) obtaining an additional data bit of the impulse radio signal;

(g.2) comparing Z latest data bits of the impulse radio signal to stored synchronization data, wherein Z is a natural number and 0<

Z;

(g.3) if the Z latest data bits of the impulse radio signal match the stored synchronization data, the further received impulse radio signal passes the synchronization check;

(g.4) if the Z latest data bits of the impulse radio signal do not match the stored synchronization data and if steps (g.1)-(g.2) have been performed V times, the further received impulse radio signal fails the synchronization check, wherein V is a natural number and 1≦

Z≦

V; and

(g.5) if the Z latest data bits of the impulse radio signal do not match the stored synchronization data, repeating steps (g.1)-(g.2).

26. A method as in claim 22, wherein the synchronization data comprises an error tolerant code.

27. A method as in claim 22, wherein the synchronization data comprises Stiffler code data.

28. A method as in claim 22, wherein the synchronization data has a length of approximately 32 data bits and the command data has a length of approximately 32 data bits.

29. A method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

(h) performing a command check of command data of the impulse radio signal;

if the command data fails the command check, returning to step (a); and

if the command data passes the command check, acquiring the impulse radio signal.

30. A method as in claim 29, wherein performing the command check comprises comparing at least a portion of the command data of the impulse radio signal to stored command data.

31. A method as in claim 29, wherein the command data identifies at least one of a receiver receiving the impulse radio signal and a transmitter transmitting the impulse radio signal.

32. An apparatus for implementing the method of claim 1.

33. A method for detecting an impulse radio signal, comprising the steps of:

(a) obtaining a template pulse shifted by an offset;

(b) obtaining a received impulse radio signal;

(c) comparing the template pulse train and the received impulse radio signal to obtain a comparison result;

(d) performing a threshold check on the comparison result; and

if the comparison result fails the threshold check, returning to step (a);

(e) locking on the received impulse radio signal;

(f) performing a quick check using the template pulse train and additional received impulse radio signal; and

if the additional received impulse radio signal fails the quick check, returning to step (a);

(g) performing a synchronization check of further received impulse radio signal;

if the further received impulse radio signal fails the synchronization check, returning to step (a); and

if the further received impulse radio signal passes the synchronization check, obtaining acquisition data comprising synchronization data and command data from the impulse radio signal; and

(h) performing a command check of the command data;

if the command data fails the command check, returning to step (a); and

if the command data passes the command check, acquiring the impulse radio signal.

34. A system for detecting an impulse radio signal, comprising:

means for obtaining a template pulse shifted by an offset;

means for obtaining a received impulse radio signal;

means for comparing the template pulse train and the received impulse radio signal to obtain a comparison result;

means for performing a threshold check of the comparison result; and

means for locking on the received impulse radio signal.

35. A system as in claim 34, wherein the system further comprises means for performing a quick check using the template pulse train and additional received impulse radio signal.

36. A system as in claim 34, wherein the system further comprises means for performing a synchronization check of further received impulse radio signal.

37. A system as in claim 34, wherein the system further comprises means for performing a command check of command data of the impulse radio signal.

38. A system for detecting an impulse radio signal, comprising:

an antenna;

a cross-correlator having an output, a first input, and a second input coupled to the antenna;

a pulse summer having an output and an input coupled to the output of the cross-correlator;

a detector having an output and an input coupled to the output of the pulse summer;

a threshold comparator having an output and an input coupled to the output of the pulse summer;

a lock loop filter having an output and an input coupled to the output of the cross-correlator;

a controller configured to shift a template pulse train by an offset, the controller having an output and an input coupled to the output of the detector, the output of the threshold comparator, and the output of the lock filter; and

a template pulse train generator having an output coupled to the first input of the cross-correlator and having an input coupled to the output of the controller.

39. A system as in claim 38, wherein the controller performs a quick check of the impulse radio signal received by the antenna.

40. A system as in claim 38, further comprising a synchronization data memory coupled to the detector.

41. A system as in claim 38, wherein the detector performs a synchronization check of the impulse radio signal received by the antenna.

42. A system as in claim 38, further comprising a synchronization data memory coupled to the controller.

43. A system as in claim 38, wherein the controller performs a synchronization check of the impulse radio signal received by the antenna.

44. A system as in claim 38, further comprising a command data memory coupled to the detector.

45. A system as in claim 38, wherein the detector performs a command check of the impulse radio signal received by the antenna.

46. A system as in claim 38, further comprising a command data memory coupled to the controller.

47. A system as in claim 38, wherein the controller performs a command check of the impulse radio signal received by the antenna.

48. A system as in claim 38, wherein the template pulse train generator generates a template pulse train and provides the generated template pulse train to the cross-correlator.

49. A method for detecting an impulse radio signal, comprising the steps of:

(a) obtaining a template pulse train shifted by an offset;

(b) obtaining a received impulse radio signal; and

(c) performing a quick check using the template pulse train and the received impulse radio signal; and

if the received impulse radio signal fails the quick check, returning to step (a).

50. A method for detecting an impulse radio signal, comprising the steps of:

(a) obtaining a received impulse radio signal; and

(b) performing a synchronization check of the received impulse radio signal;

if the received impulse radio signal fails the synchronization check, returning to step (a); and

if the received impulse radio signal passes the synchronization check, obtaining acquisition data comprising synchronization data and command data.

51. A method for detecting an impulse radio signal, comprising the steps of:

(a) obtaining the impulse radio signal having command data; and

(b) performing a command check of command data of the impulse radio signal;

if the command data fails the command check, returning to step (a); and

if the command data passes the command check, acquiring the impulse radio.