Synchronization techniques using an interpolation filter

• US 6,560,276 B1
• Filed: 09/25/1998
• Issued: 05/06/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Long, Guozhu, Beaney, Jim
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ha, Dac V.
• Application Number:
  US09/160,587
• Time in Patent Office: 1,684 Days
• Field of Search: 375/222, 375/231, 375/340, 375/344, 375/354, 375/355, 375/371, 370/503, 370/516, 370/517, 370/210, 455/182.1, 455/182.2, 455/183.1, 455/192.1, 455/192.2, 327/141, 327/144, 327/161
• US Class Current: 375/222
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0029 interpolation of received data signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/027 extracting the synchronising or clock signal from the received signal spectrum, e.g. by using a resonant or bandpass circuit

Abstract

The taps of an equalizer are used as inputs to a discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Certain spectral components are extracted from the DFT and used to estimate the frequency difference. The frequency difference estimate is filtered using a phase locked loop and used to adjust one clock to synchronize the transmit and receive clocks.

Claims

1. A modem comprising:

a transmit engine that transmits samples to a host; and

a receive engine to receive samples from a host, the receive engine including;

an equalizer; and

a synchronization recovery circuit, coupled to the equalizer, to estimate a frequency difference between a local sample clock and a remote sample clock, the synchronization recovery circuit including;

a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) circuit, coupled to the equalizer, that transforms input signals received from one or more taps of the equalizer to generate the +B/4 and −

B/4 spectral components of the DFT, where B equals the baud rate; and

a comparator, coupled to the DFT, that measures the phase difference between the +B/4 and −

B/4 components to produce a first signal indicative of the frequency difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.

2. The modem of claim 1 wherein the synchronization recovery circuit further comprises a phase lock loop (PLL), coupled to the comparator, that filters the first signal to produce a time difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.

3. The modem of claim 2 wherein the receive engine further comprises a receiver coupled the PLL that demodulates received signal samples to a baseband.

4. The modem of claim 3 wherein the receiver comprises a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter having a plurality of taps coupled to the PLL, wherein the filter taps are set depending on the value of the difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.

5. A method comprising:

receiving a frequency offset from a plurality of equalizer taps;

transforming input signals corresponding to the frequency offset to generate the +B/4 and −

B/4 spectral components of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), where B equals the baud rate;

measuring the phase difference between the +B/4 and −

B/4 components; and

producing a first signal that is indicative of the frequency difference between a local sample clock and a remote sample clock.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising filtering the first signal to produce a time difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising setting the taps of a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter depending on the value of the first signal.

8. A receive engine comprising:

an equalizer; and

a synchronization recovery circuit, coupled to the equalizer, to estimate a frequency difference between a local sample clock and a remote sample clock, the synchronization recovery circuit including;

a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) circuit, coupled to the equalizer, that transforms input signals received from one or more taps of the equalizer to generate the +B/4 and −

B/4 spectral components of the DFT, where B equals the baud rate; and

a comparator, coupled to the DFT, that measures the phase difference between the +B/4 and −

B/4 components to produce a first signal indicative of the frequency difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.

9. The receive engine of claim 8 wherein the synchronization recovery circuit further comprises a phase lock loop (PLL), coupled to the comparator, that filters the first signal to produce a time difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.

10. The receive engine of claim 9 further comprising a receiver coupled the PLL that demodulates received signal samples to a baseband.

11. The receive engine of claim 10 wherein the receiver comprises a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter having a plurality of taps coupled to the PLL, wherein the filter taps are set depending on the value of the difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.

12. A synchronization recovery circuit comprising:

a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) circuit that transforms input signals received from one or more taps of an equalizer to generate the +B/4 and −

B/4 spectral components of the DFT, where B equals the baud rate; and

a comparator, coupled to the DFT, that measures the phase difference between the +B/4 and −

B/4 components to produce a first signal indicative of a frequency difference between a local sample clock and a remote sample clock.

13. The synchronization recovery circuit of claim 12 further comprising a phase lock loop (PLL), coupled to the comparator, that filters the first signal to produce a time difference between the local sample clock and the remote sample clock.