Apparatus, systems and methods for processing and treating a biological fluid with light

• US 6,565,802 B1
• Filed: 06/03/1999
• Issued: 05/20/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 06/03/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cerus Corporation, Fenwal Incorporated (Fresenius SE & Co. KGaA)
• Original Assignee: Baxter International Inc., Cerus Corporation
• Inventors: Hanley, Kathleen A., Beittel, David F., Metzel, Peyton S., Franzosa, Paul A., Homza Stark, Daniela, Stark, Peter R. H., Power, Wendy M., Cimino, George D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Warden, Sr., Robert J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CONLEY, SEAN EVERETT
• Application Number:
  US09/325,325
• Time in Patent Office: 1,447 Days
• Field of Search: 250/453.11, 250/454.11, 250/455.11, 250/4.01, 250/5.04, 250/6.04, 604/20, 604/22, 604/24, 604/28, 422/44, 312/209
• US Class Current: 422/22
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/0011 using physical methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/0082 using chemical substances
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/084 Visible light
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/10 Ultraviolet radiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/24 Apparatus using programmed or automatic operation
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/26 Accessories or devices or components used for biocidal treatment
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2202/122 Chambers for sterilisation
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2202/14 Means for controlling sterilisation processes, data processing, presentation and storage means, e.g. sensors, controllers, programs
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2202/22 Blood or products thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3683 using photoactive agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/14 Detection of the presence or absence of a tube, a connector or a container in an apparatus

Abstract

Apparatus, systems and methods are disclosed for treating a biological fluid with light. A container of biological fluid is introduced into a fluid treatment chamber where it is contacted with light provided by one or more light sources in proximity to the fluid treatment chamber. A drawer for holding containers of biological fluid introduces the containers into the chamber. Containers for holding the biological fluid are marked by the apparatus to indicate the status of the treatment.

Claims

1. Apparatus for treating a biological fluid comprising:

a first drawer for carrying a biological fluid;

a light source housed within a slidably movable second drawer located on one side of said first drawer; and

a light source housed within a slidably movable third drawer located on the opposite side of said first drawer.

2. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said second drawer is disposed above said first drawer, and said third drawer is disposed below said first drawer.

3. Apparatus of claim 1 comprising a fluid treatment chamber wherein said first drawer is slidably movable into and out of said fluid treatment chamber.

4. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first drawer is adapted for carrying containers of biological fluid.

5. Apparatus of claim 4 further comprising a tray for carrying said containers of biological fluid.

6. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of said sources of light comprises a plurality of lamps.

7. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of said sources of light comprises a first array of lamps and a second array of lamps.

8. Apparatus of claim 7 wherein said first array of lamps is separated from said second array of lamps within said second or third drawer.

9. Apparatus of claim 8 wherein said second and third drawers comprise side panels for access to said first and second array of lamps.

10. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said light source is capable of providing light having a wavelength of between approximately 320-400 nm.

11. Apparatus of claim 10 wherein said light source is capable of providing an energy dose of between approximately 1-20 J/cm².

12. Apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a wall separating said first drawer from said second drawer and a wall separating said first drawer from said third drawer.

13. Apparatus of claim 12 wherein said walls are substantially translucent to light having a wavelength of between approximately 320-400 nm.

14. Apparatus of claim 1 comprising a filter for minimizing transmittance of light having wavelengths of less than 320 nm.

15. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said second and third drawers comprise indicators for measuring the intensity of light provided by said light sources.

16. Apparatus of claim 1 comprising a fluid treatment module, said fluid treatment module comprising a movable first drawer for introducing and carrying a container of biological fluid into and out of said fluid treatment module and a control module, said control module and said fluid treatment module being readily electrically connectable and separable.

17. Apparatus of claim 16 wherein said fluid treatment module comprises a fluid treatment chamber and said sources of light.

18. Apparatus of claim 17 comprising a movable drawer for introducing and removing said biological fluid into and out of said fluid treatment chamber.

19. Apparatus of claim 18 wherein said drawer for introducing and removing biological fluid is slidably movable into and out of said fluid treatment chamber.

20. Apparatus of claim 17 wherein each of said sources of light is slidably movable into and out of said fluid treatment module.

21. Apparatus of claim 17 wherein each of said sources of light comprises a first array of lamps and a second array of lamps, each of said arrays being separately electrically connected to said control module.

22. Apparatus of claim 17 comprising an air source for introducing air into said fluid treatment module.

23. Apparatus of claim 22 wherein said control module is adapted to receive air from said fluid treatment module.

24. Apparatus of claim 16 wherein said fluid treatment module comprises a fluid treatment chamber disposed between said second and third drawers.

25. Apparatus of claim 16 wherein said control module includes a power supply for supplying power to said fluid treatment module, said control module including a wall comprising a first electrical connector and said fluid treatment module including a wall comprising a second electrical connector, said first and second connectors being disposed for electrical connection when the modules are located with said walls in face to face adjoining relationship.

33. Apparatus of claim 23 further comprising indicators for measuring the light intensity provided by said first and second array of lamps to said first compartments of said first and second portions.

26. Apparatus for treating a biological fluid comprising:

a fluid treatment chamber;

a slidably movable drawer housing a light source disposed above said fluid treatment chamber;

a slidably movable drawer housing a light source disposed below said fluid treatment chamber;

a tray adapted for placement within said fluid treatment chamber, said tray comprising a first compartment and a second compartment separated from said first compartment; and

an indicator for indicating whether or not said first compartment is substantially within the field of light provided by said sources of light.

27. Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said tray is separated from said light source by a wall, wherein said wall is substantially translucent to light from said light source.

28. Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said tray is adapted f or holding containers of different biological fluids.

29. Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said tray comprises a first portion and a second portion.

30. Apparatus of claim 29 wherein said first portion comprises a first compartment and a second compartment and said second portion comprises a first compartment and a second compartment.

31. Apparatus of claim 30 comprising a plurality of container markers disposed above said second compartments of said first and second portions.

32. Apparatus of claim 30 wherein at least one of said sources of light comprises a first array of lamps for providing light to said first compartment of said first portion and a second array of lamps for providing light to said first compartment of said second portion.

34. Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said first compartment is adapted to hold a first container of biological fluid.

35. Apparatus of claim 34 wherein said second compartment is adapted to hold at least one biomedical container.

36. Apparatus of claim 35 further comprising a container marker disposed near said second compartment.

37. Apparatus of claim 36 further comprising a detector for detecting the presence of a container within said second compartment.

38. Apparatus of claim 26 further comprising a detector for determining the temperature within said fluid treatment chamber.

39. Apparatus of claim 38 wherein said detector is located externally to said fluid treatment chamber.

40. Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said indicator is physically contacted by said tray.

41. Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said tray comprises a retainer for positioning a container within said first compartment.

42. Apparatus of claim 26 wherein said tray comprises a retainer for positioning a container within said second compartment.

43. Apparatus of claim 26 further comprising a mover for moving said tray within said fluid treatment chamber.

44. Apparatus of claim 43 further comprising a detector for detecting movement of said tray within said fluid treatment chamber.

45. Apparatus of claim 26 further comprising an attachable light sensing device for measuring the light provided by said light source to said first compartment.

46. Apparatus of claim 45 wherein said device includes a support comprising a top surface and a bottom surface and a plurality of sensors spaced on at least one of said surfaces.

47. Apparatus of claim 46 wherein said device further comprises filters disposed over said sensors.

48. Apparatus of claim 45 wherein said device is adapted for placement within said first compartment.

49. Apparatus of claim 45 wherein said device has an area and thickness substantially equal to the area and thickness of a container of fluid adapted for placement within said first compartment.

50. Apparatus for treating a biological fluid comprising:

a housing including a top and bottom surface;

a fluid treatment chamber within said housing;

a light source within said housing within a slidably movable drawer disposed above said fluid treatment chamber;

a light source within said housing in a slidably moveable drawer disposed below said fluid treatment chamber; and

a drawer for introducing and removing said biological fluid into said chamber, said drawer being pivotally movable relatively to said housing to allow for downward pivoting movement of said drawer outside of said chamber.

51. Apparatus of claim 50 wherein said housing top surface is reinforced to allow placement of one of said apparatus on top of another of said apparatus.

52. Apparatus of claim 51 having a height between approximately 30-40 cm.

53. A method for treating a biological fluid comprising:

providing an apparatus including a fluid treatment chamber, a light source directed at said fluid treatment chamber, said light source being housed in a slidably movable drawer located on one side of said fluid treatment chamber, and a light source directed at said fluid treatment chamber being housed in a slidably movable drawer on the opposite side of said fluid treatment chamber;

providing a first container of a biological fluid integrally connected to a second container;

locating said first container within said fluid treatment chamber;

contacting said biological fluid within said first container with light from said sources of light while maintaining said second container integrally connected to said first container; and

agitating said biological fluid during said contacting.

54. The method of claim 53 comprising locating at least two containers of said biological fluid within said fluid treatment chamber.

55. The method of claim 54 comprising separately monitoring the intensity of light contacting said biological fluid in each of said containers.

56. The method of claim 54 comprising providing a tray for carrying said containers, said tray including a first portion for carrying a first container of biological fluid and a second portion for carrying a second container of biological fluid.

57. The method of claim 56 further comprising:

determining the type of biological fluid within said first container; and

automatically determining the type and duration of said contacting.

58. The method of claim 56 comprising automatically terminating said contacting within said first portion without terminating said contacting within said second portion.

59. The method of claim 53 comprising indicating the status of said contacting on said second container.

60. The method of claim 53 comprising determining the temperature of said fluid treatment chamber to ensure that said temperature is within a predetermined range.

61. The method of claim 60 comprising automatically terminating said contacting if said temperature exceeds said predetermined range.

62. The method of claim 53 comprising providing ambient air to said fluid treatment chamber.

63. The method of claim 53 further comprising:

adding a photochemical agent to said biological fluid prior to said contacting; and

providing a sensor at or near said fluid treatment chamber, wherein said sensor has a maximum sensitivity in the wavelength range that substantially -matches the wavelength range within which said photochemical agent is most effectively activated.