Fluorogenic compounds and uses therefor
First Claim
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1. An enzyme sensing composite structure comprising:
- a support; and
a fluorogenic compound of the formula;
wherein;
Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, arid a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof;
wherein the compound is covalently bound to the support through at least one R2, R3 or R4 by means of one of a bond and a linking group, said linking group comprising functionalities at both ends, the functionality at one end of said linking group being complementary to the functionality of R2, R3 or R4 and the functionality at the other end being complementary to a functional group on said support.
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Abstract
Disclosed are novel coumarin based fluorogenic compounds useful in assaying for biological activity. Specifically, these fluorogenic compounds exhibit fluorescence at particular wavelengths when cleaved by target enzymes. Preferred compounds include sugar and peptide derivatives of umbelliferone derivatives bearing a heterocyclic five membered ring at the 3-position. These compounds can be used for rapidly detecting food pathogens and for determining sterilization effectiveness. The compounds may also be used in a form bounded to a polymeric support or to a biomolecule or macromolecule.
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Citations
58 Claims
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1. An enzyme sensing composite structure comprising:
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a support; and
a fluorogenic compound of the formula;
wherein; Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, arid a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof; wherein the compound is covalently bound to the support through at least one R2, R3 or R4 by means of one of a bond and a linking group, said linking group comprising functionalities at both ends, the functionality at one end of said linking group being complementary to the functionality of R2, R3 or R4 and the functionality at the other end being complementary to a functional group on said support. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A fluorogenic macromolecular conjugate comprising:
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a ligand selected from the group consisting of a molecular ligand and a macromolecular ligand; and
a fluorogenic compound of the formula;
wherein; Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, and a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof; wherein the compound is covalently bound to the ligand through at least one R2, R3 or R4 by means of one of a bond and a linking group, said linking group comprising functionalities at both ends, the functionality at one end of said linking group being complementary to the functionality of R2, R3 or R4 and the functionality at the other end being complementary to a functional group on said ligand. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 32, 33, 34)
(a) providing a fluorogenic macromolecular conjugate of claim 13 wherein the ligand is identical to the biological target molecule;
(b) incubating the test sample with a predetermined amount of the fluorogenic macromolecular conjugate and a predetermined amount of a specific binding partner for the target molecule, wherein the target molecule and the fluorogenic macromolecular conjugate compete for binding by the specific binding partner, further wherein the predetermined amount of the fluorogenic macromolecular conjugate is chosen such that a significant fraction of the fluorogenic macromolecular conjugate becomes bound and rendered inaccessible to enzymatic hydrolysis;
(c) adding to the test sample an enzyme that will enzymatically hydrolyze the unbound fluorogenic macromolecular conjugate to form a cleaved fluorogenic compound, whereby the cleaved fluorogenic compound, when exposed to light of a wavelength range centered around λ
1, is capable of emitting light of a wavelength centered around λ
2, wherein λ
2 is at least 10 nm greater than λ
1, λ
1 is at least 380 nm and λ
2 is no more than about 700 nm; and
(d) exciting the cleaved fluorogenic compound with a light of a wavelength range centered around λ
1 for a time sufficient for the cleaved compound to emit visible light of wavelength λ
2; and
(e) detecting and analyzing the emitted light.
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33. The method of claim 32, wherein the cleaved fluorogenic compound is interrogated with light generated from a diode selected from the group consisting of a light emitting diode and a laser diode.
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34. The method of claim 32, wherein the diode is selected from the group consisting of GaN, InGaN, SiC, and ZnSe diodes.
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17. A method of detecting bacteria in a test sample, comprising the steps of:
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(a) incubating the bacteria in a growth media containing a fluorogenic compound of the formula;
wherein; Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, and a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof; and allowing the diffusion of one or more of a bacterial enzyme and the fluorogenic compound such that the fluorogenic compound is hydrolyzed by the enzyme to form a cleaved fluorogenic compound, whereby the cleaved fluorogenic compound, when exposed to light of a wavelength range centered around X1, is capable of emitting light of a wavelength centered around λ
2, wherein λ
2 is at least 10 nm greater than λ
1, λ
1 is at least 380 nm, and λ
2 is no more than about 700 nm; and
(b) exciting the cleaved fluorogenic compound with a light of a wavelength range centered around λ
1 for a time sufficient for the cleaved compound to emit visible light of wavelength λ
2 and(c) detecting and analyzing the emitted light. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A method of determining the effectiveness of a sterilization procedure, comprising the steps of:
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(a) placing a test indicator containing an active enzyme in a detectable concentration into a sterilization chamber, (b) performing the sterilization procedure within the chamber;
(c) introducing a fluorogenic compound of the formula;
wherein; Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, and a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof; and allowing or providing a means for enzyme to diffuse such that the fluorogenic compound is hydrolyzed by the enzyme to form a cleaved compound, whereby the cleaved compound, when exposed to light of a wavelength range centered around λ
1, is capable of emitting light of a wavelength centered around λ
2, wherein λ
2 is at least 10 nm greater than λ
1, λ
1 is at least 380 nm and λ
2 is no more than about 700 nm; and
(d) exciting the cleaved compound with light of a wavelength range centered around λ
1 for a time sufficient for the cleaved compound to emit visible light of wavelength λ
2; and
(e) detecting and analyzing the emitted light. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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35. An enzyme sensing element comprising:
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(1) one or more fluorogenic compounds of the formula;
wherein; Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, and a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NW, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof; (2) a fluid handling architecture structured and adapted to provide mixing of one or more enzyme-containing samples with at least one of the fluorogenic compounds so as to enable an enzymatic reaction wherein a cleaved fluorescent product is formed, such that the cleaved fluorogenic compound, when exposed to light of a wavelength range centered around λ
1, emits light of a wavelength λ
2, wherein λ
2 is at least 10 nm greater than λ
1, wherein λ
1 is at least 380 nm and λ
2 is no greater than about 700 nm.- View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38)
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39. A sensing system for detecting the presence of enzyme activity in a biological sample, the sample optionally having a unique identifier;
- the system comprising;
(1) at least one sensing clement comprising;
(a) one or more fluorogenic compounds of the formula;
wherein; Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, and a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof; (b) a fluid handling architecture structured and adapted to provide mixing of one or more enzyme-containing samples with at least one of the fluorogenic compounds so as to enable an enzymatic reaction wherein a cleaved fluorescent product is formed, such that the cleaved fluorogenic compound, when exposed to light of a wavelength range centered around λ
1, emits light of a wavelength λ
2, wherein λ
2 is at least 10 nm greater than λ
1, wherein λ
1 is at least 380 nm and λ
2 is no greater than about 700 nm; and
(2) an excitation assembly capable of emitting light of at least 380 nm and no more than about 690 nm. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)
(3) a detection assembly to detect at least one of the intensity and the location of the light emitted from the sensing element. -
43. The sensing system of claim 42, further comprising
(4) a processor assembly to analyze the emitted light so as to determine at least one of the concentration, the location and the enumeration of the biomolecules, biomacromolecules or microorganisms and produce processed data. -
44. The sensing system of claim 43, wherein the processor assembly includes a relational data base.
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45. The sensing system of claim 44, wherein the relational database correlates the processed data with the unique identifier of the biological sample.
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46. The sensing system of claim 39, wherein the fluid handling architecture is selected from the group consisting of a test card, a microwell array, a capillary array, a microfluidic chip, a sensor disk, an array of sensor disks, and combinations thereof.
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47. The sensing system of claim 46, wherein the fluid handling architecture comprises one or more microlocations.
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48. The sensing system of claim 39, wherein the fluid handling architecture is configured to absorb a fluid sample containing viable microorganisms and to support the growth of the viable microorganisms in microcolonies.
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49. The sensing system of claim 39, wherein the excitation assembly selectively excites at least one microlocation within a sensing element.
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50. The sensing system of claim 49, wherein the excitation assembly includes a raster-scanning means for exciting microlocations on the surface of the sensing element corresponding to growing microcolonies of microorganisms.
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51. The sensing system of claim 42, wherein
(1) the excitation assembly comprises at least one solid-state light source that directs light toward the sensing element; - and
(2) the detection assembly comprises (a) at least one light detector that detects the quantity of light from the sensing element; and
(b) at least one signal converter electrically connected to the light detector to provide at least one output signal in response to the quantity of light from the sensing element.
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52. The sensing system of claim 51, wherein the excitation assembly and the detection assembly are colocated in a hand-held housing that is in optical registration with the sensing element.
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53. The sensing system of claim 51, wherein the at least one solid state light source is selected from the group consisting of a GaN source, an InGaN source, a SiC source, and a ZnSe source.
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54. The sensing system of claim 51, wherein the at least one signal converter comprises at least one analog-to-digital signal converter.
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55. The sensing system of claim 47, wherein the output signal is a telemetric output signal.
- the system comprising;
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56. A sensing system for detecting the presence of enzyme activity in a biological sample;
- the system comprising;
(1) at least one sensing element comprising;
(a) one or more fluorogenic enzyme substrates comprising a compound of the formula;
wherein; Q is a enzymatically hydrolyzable group selected from the group consisting of a glycone, a glycosyl phosphate, an ester, and a peptide;
each R2 independently is a sterically non-interfering group;
R3 is an electron withdrawing or non-electron withdrawing group;
Z is O or NR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl-containing group;
Y and Y1 independently are O, S, NHx, or CHy where x is 0 or 1 and y is 1 or 2, and at least one of Y and Y1 is O, S, or NHx; and
each R4 independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carboxyl;
or a salt thereof; and (b) a fluid handling architecture structured and adapted to provide mixing of one or more of the enzyme-containing samples with at least one of the fluorogenic compounds so as to enable an enzymatic reaction wherein a cleaved fluorescent product is formed;
(2) a device having a means for receiving the at least one sensing element, the device comprising; (a) a light source;
(b) a first plurality of optical fibers optically coupled to the light source and directing light toward the sensing element from the light source;
(c) a light detector;
(d) a second plurality of optical fibers optically coupled to the light detector and directing light from the sensing element to the detector; and
(e) a signal converter connected to the light detector capable of providing a digital output signal that varies in response to the quantity of light detected by the light detector. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58)
- the system comprising;
Specification