Device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine

• US 6,568,178 B2
• Filed: 03/27/2001
• Issued: 05/27/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Asanuma, Takamitsu, Itoh, Kazuhiro, Kimura, Koichi, Hirota, Shinya, Tanaka, Toshiaki, Nakatani, Koichiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Denion, Thomas
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, TU MINH
• Application Number:
  US09/817,187
• Publication Number:
  US 20010027647A1
• Time in Patent Office: 791 Days
• Field of Search: 602/74, 602/86, 602/87, 602/96, 602/97, 603/11, 55D/IG.30, 554/83, 554/84, 555/24, 423/213.2, 423/213.5
• US Class Current: 60/297
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/9431 Processes characterised by a specific device
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2570/16 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/03 the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/023 using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by electrically controlling the supply of combustible mixture or its constituents only F02D41/0235
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0233 periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0235 using exhaust gas throttling means
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0253 adding fuel to exhaust gases
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/035 with catalytic reactors , e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0814 combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0821 combined with particulate filters catalysed diesel particulate filters F01N3/035
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 23/0621 Squish flow
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 23/0669 having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 23/0672 Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis the surrounding wall being exactly vertical F02B23/0696
• CPC Class Codes: F02F 2001/247 the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 26/05 High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 26/10 having means to increase the pressure difference between the exhaust and intake system, e.g. venturis, variable geometry turbines, check valves using pressure pulsations or throttles in the air intake or exhaust system
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 26/23 Layout, e.g. schematics
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 26/28 with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 26/33 controlling the temperature of the recirculated gases
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The device has a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust system on which the trapped particulates are oxidized, and a reversing mechanism for reversing the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of the particulate filter. The particulate filter has a trapping wall. The trapping wall has a first trapping surface and a second trapping surface. The reversing mechanism reverses the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of the particulate filter so that the first trapping surface and the second trapping surface are used alternately to trap the particulates. The device can improve the amount of particulates that can be oxidized and removed on the particulate filter.

Claims

1. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine comprising:

a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust system on which the trapped particulates are oxidized,

reversing means for reversing the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter, and

improving means for improving the amount of particulates that can be oxidized and removed on said particulate filter,

wherein said particulate filter has a trapping wall, said trapping wall has a first trapping surface and a second trapping surface, said reversing means reverses the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter so that said first trapping surface and said second trapping surface are used alternately to trap the particulates, wherein said particulate filter carries an active-oxygen releasing agent on said first and second trapping surfaces, and active-oxygen released from said active-oxygen releasing agent oxidizes the trapped particulates on said particulate filter.

2. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said active-oxygen releasing agent takes in and holds oxygen when excessive oxygen is present in the surroundings and releases the held oxygen as active-oxygen when the oxygen concentration in the surroundings drops.

3. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein said improving means limits the exhaust gas flow at a position in the exhaust system that is always on the downstream side of said particulate filter.

4. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein said improving means improves the amount of particulates that can be oxidized and removed on said particulate filter before said reversing means reverses the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter.

5. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein said particulate filter has an oxidization ability and said improving means supplies a reducing agent to said particulate filter.

6. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said improving means improves the amount of particulates that can be oxidized and removed on said particulate filter when it is detected or assumed that the amount of deposited particulates on said particulate filter is larger than a predetermined amount of deposited particulates.

7. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 6, wherein said predetermined amount of deposited particulates is an amount of deposited particulates where it is assumed that a predetermined amount of particulates is discharged from said particulate filter when said reversing means reverses the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter.

8. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said particulate filter has an oxidization ability and said improving means supplies a reducing agent to said particulate filter.

9. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 8, wherein said improving means supplies said reducing agent before and after said reversing means reverses the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter.

10. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 8, wherein said reversing means comprises a valve body and changes over said valve body from one of two positions to the other of two positions to reverse the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter, and when said valve body is in between said two positions, at least part of the exhaust gas bypasses said particulate filter and said improving means stops the supply of said reducing agent.

11. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 8, wherein an exhaust throttle valve is arranged in a portion of the exhaust system that is on the downstream side of said particulate filter, and when the temperature of said particulate filter is lower than a predetermined temperature, said exhaust throttle valve limits the exhaust gas flow to cause said temperature of said particulate filter to be higher than said predetermined temperature and thereafter said improving means supplies said reducing agent.

12. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 8, wherein said reversing means comprises a valve body and changes over said valve body from one of two positions to the other of two positions to reverse the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter, when said valve body is in between said two positions, at least part of the exhaust gas bypasses said particulate filter, said improving means supplies said reducing agent at a low pressure, an exhaust throttle valve is arranged on the downstream side of a position of the exhaust system in which said reducing agent is supplied, and when in engine deceleration, said exhaust throttle valve limits the exhaust gas flow and the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter are reversed by said valve body.

13. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine comprising a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust system on which the trapped particulates are oxidized, and reversing means for reversing the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter, wherein said particulate filter carries an active-oxygen releasing agent, active-oxygen released from said active-oxygen releasing agent oxidizes the trapped particulates on said particulate filter, said active-oxygen releasing agent holds NO_X to combine the NO_X with oxygen when excessive oxygen is present in the surroundings and releases to decompose the combined NO_X and oxygen into NO_X and active-oxygen when the oxygen concentration in the surroundings drops, said particulate filter has a trapping wall, said trapping wall has a first trapping surface and a second trapping surface, wherein said first and second trapping surfaces carry the active-oxygen releasing agent, said reversing means reverses the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter so that said first trapping surface and said second trapping surface are used alternately to trap the particulates, and said device further comprises improving means for improving the amount of particulates that can be oxidized and removed of said particulate filter by making said oxygen concentration in said surroundings drop to release NO_X from said active-oxygen releasing agent.

14. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 13, wherein said reversing means comprises a valve body and changes over said valve body from one of two positions to the other of two positions to reverse the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter, when said valve body is in a middle position between said two positions, all of the exhaust gas bypasses said particulate filter, said improving means supplies a reducing agent such that said oxygen concentration in said surroundings drop without the exhaust gas flowing into said particulate filter, and when a fuel-cut is carried out or an amount of injected fuel is very small, said valve body is moved to said middle position and said improving means supplies said reducing agent to release NO_X from said active-oxygen releasing agent.

15. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 13, wherein said reversing means comprises a valve body and changes over said valve body from one of two positions to the other of two positions to reverse the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter, when said valve body is in a partly bypassed position between said two positions, the exhaust gas mainly bypasses said particulate filter and only a small amount of the exhaust gas passes through said particulate filter, said improving means supplies a reducing agent with said small amount of the exhaust gas to said particulate filter to release NO_X from said active-oxygen releasing agent.

16. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 15, wherein said valve body is kept in said partly bypassed position till a set time elapses after said improving means stops the supply of said reducing agent.

17. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 15 wherein, when a fuel-cut is carried out or an amount of injected fuel is very small, said valve body is moved to said partly bypassed position and said improving means supplies said reducing agent to release NO_X from said active-oxygen releasing agent.

18. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 17 wherein, When a fuel-cut is not carried out or an amount of injected fuel does not become very small for a predetermined time, said valve body is compulsorily moved to said partly bypassed position and said improving means supplies said reducing agent to release NO_X from said active-oxygen releasing agent.

19. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 17 wherein, when the assumed amount of NO_X absorbed in said particulate filter is larger than a predetermined amount of absorbed NO_X, said valve body is compulsorily moved to said partly bypassed position and said improving means supplies said reducing agent to release NO_X from said active-oxygen releasing agent.

20. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine comprising:

a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust system on which the trapped particulates are oxidized, the particulate filter carries an active-oxygen releasing agent, and active-oxygen released from said active-oxygen releasing agent oxidizes the trapped particulates on said particulate filter, and

reversing means for reversing the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter, wherein said particulate filter has a trapping wall, said trapping wall has a first trapping surface and a second trapping surface, wherein said first and second trapping surfaces carry the active-oxygen releasing agent, said reversing means reverses the exhaust gas upstream side and the exhaust gas downstream side of said particulate filter so that said first trapping surface and said second trapping surface are used alternately to trap the particulates, said particulate filter has an oxidation ability and the both end portions of said particulate filter have the oxidization ability higher than that of the central portion of said particulate filter.

21. A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to claim 20, wherein said active-oxygen releasing agent takes in and holds oxygen when excessive oxygen is present in the surroundings and releases the held oxygen as active-oxygen when the oxygen concentration in the surroundings drops.