Osmotic device containing diltiazem and an ACE inhibitor or diuretic

• US 6,569,456 B2
• Filed: 01/05/2001
• Issued: 05/27/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 01/13/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Osmotica Kereskedelmi Es Szolgaltato Kft (Osmotica Pharmaceuticals Plc)
• Original Assignee: Osmotica Corp.
• Inventors: Faour, Joaquina, Vergez, Juan A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Spear, James M.
• Application Number:
  US09/755,371
• Publication Number:
  US 20020006430A1
• Time in Patent Office: 872 Days
• Field of Search: 424/468, 424/478, 424/473, 424/474, 424/475, 424/480, 424/482
• US Class Current: 424/473
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2300/00 Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/00 Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/55 having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 38/556 Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0004 Osmotic delivery systems; Sustained release driven by osmosis, thermal energy or gas
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/209 containing drug in at least two layers or in the core and in at least one outer layer

Abstract

The present invention provides an osmotic device containing controlled release diltiazem in the core in combination with a rapid release ACE inhibitor, or diuretic, in an external coat. The delivery device of the invention can also be a chronotherapeutic osmotic device that provides a delayed and controlled release of diltiazem and a delay and rapid release of an ACE inhibitor or diuretic. A wide range of ACE inhibitors or diuretics can be used in this device. Particular embodiments of the invention provide osmotic devices having predetermined release profiles. One specific embodiment of the osmotic device includes an external coat that has been spray coated rather than compression coated onto the device. The device with spray coated external core is smaller and easier to swallow than the similar device having a compression coated external coat. The device is useful for the treatment of blood pressure or hypertension related disorders.

Claims

1. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device comprising:

a) a core comprising a therapeutically effective amount of diltiazem (DZ) and at least one osmotic agent or osmopolymer, wherein the core provides a controlled release of diltiazem;

b) a semipermeable membrane surrounding the core and having a passageway there through; and

c) an external coat comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or diuretic, wherein the external coat provides a rapid release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic;

wherein,

d) at least 70% of the DZ is released in a controlled manner within 20 hours, and at least about 45% of the ACE inhibitor is released within 180 minutes or at least about 75% of the diuretic is released within about 180 minutes after exposure of the osmotic device to an aqueous environment; and

e) initial release of the DZ and, optionally, ACE inhibitor or diuretic is delayed for a period of at least about 1.5 hour after exposure of the osmotic device to an aqueous environment.

2. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the external coat is sprayed onto the semipermeable membrane during manufacture of the device.

3. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the device has a diltiazem release profile approximating the following:

4. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the device has a diltiazem release profile approximating the following:

5. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 3 or 4, wherein the device has an ACE inhibitor or diuretic release profile approximating the following:

6. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein initial release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic is delayed for a period of about 1.5 to 2.5 hours and initial release of the DZ is delayed for a period of about 1.5 to 3.0 hours after exposure of the device to an aqueous environment.

7. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 6, wherein the release of DZ begins after release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic has begun.

8. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 6, wherein, once release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic begins, at least about 45% of its ACE inhibitor, or at least 75% of its diuretic, will be released within about 40 minutes.

9. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the osmotic device delivers the ACE inhibitor or diuretic to the upper GI tract and the majority of diltiazem to the middle to lower GI tract of a mammal to whom the device is administered orally.

10. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the device provides therapeutically effective amounts of diltiazem for a period of not less than 18 hours and not more than 30 hours after administration of a single device to a mammal.

11. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 10, wherein the device provides therapeutically effective amounts of diltiazem for a period of not less than 20 hours and not more than 28 hours after administration of a single device to a mammal.

12. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the device provides a single dose plasma concentration profile for diltiazem approximating the following when administered to a mammal:

13. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 12, wherein the device provides the following approximate pharmacokinetic parameters when administered to a mammal:

14. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the device provides a single dose plasma concentration profile for diltiazem approximating the following when administered to a mammal:

15. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 14, wherein the device provides the following approximate pharmacokinetic parameters when administered to a mammal:

16. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1 further comprising an inert water soluble or erodible coat between the semipermeable membrane and the external coat.

17. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 16 further comprising a finish coat exterior to the external coat.

18. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the device comprises DZ and the ACE inhibitor enalapril.

19. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril (ENA), captopril (CAP), lisinopril (LIS), benazepril (BEN), enalaprilat (ENAP), espirapril (ESP), fosinopril (FOS), moexipril (MXP), quinapril (QNA), ramipril (RAM), perindopril, and trandolapril.

20. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the diuretic is selected from the group consisting of high-ceiling diuretics, furosemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, torsemide, muzolimide, azosemide, piretanide, tripamide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, metozalone, cyclopenthiazide, xipamide, mefruside, dorzolamide, acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, cyclothiazide, clopamide, dichlorphenamide, hydroflumethiazide, trichlormethiazide, polythiazide and benzothiazide.

21. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1 further comprising a delayed release coat disposed external to the external coat.

22. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the external coat comprises a delayed release pharmaceutical excipient and the external coat delays the release of diltiazem from the core of the device.

23. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 1, wherein the core comprises diltiazem, an osmagent and a pharmaceutical excipient.

24. The chronotherapeutic osmotic device of claim 23, wherein the external coat comprises a pharmaceutical excipient and ACE inhibitor or diuretic.

25. A method of treating hypertension in a mammal, the method comprising the step of administering to the mammal a chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to any one of claims 1-4 or 6-24.

26. A method according to claim 25, wherein the chronotherapeutic osmotic device is administered within three hours prior to a period of sleep.

46. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to any one of claims 1, 3, or, 12, 13, or 37 wherein the osmotic device comprises the following ingredients in the approximate amounts indicated:

59. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 5 wherein the osmotic device comprises the following ingredients in the approximate amounts indicated:

27. A method of treating hypertension in a mammal comprising the step of administering a chronotherapeutic osmotic device that provides a delayed and rapid release of an ACE inhibitor or a diuretic and a delayed and controlled release of diltiazem.

28. A method according to claim 27, wherein the chronotherapeutic osmotic device comprises:

a) a core comprising diltiazem, an osmagent and one or more excipients;

b) a semipermeable membrane surrounding the core;

c) one or more passageways in the semipermeable membrane;

d) an immediate release coat surrounding the semipermeable membrane and comprising an ACE inhibitor or diuretic; and

e) a delayed release coat surrounding the immediate release coat.

29. A method according to claim 28, wherein the initial delay periods for beginning release of the diltiazem and the ACE inhibitor or diuretic are approximately the same.

30. A method according to claim 28, wherein the initial delay period for beginning release of the diltiazem is longer than the initial delay period for beginning release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic.

31. A method according to claim 28, wherein the delay period for the ACE inhibitor or diuretic is about 1.5 to 2.5 hours and the delay period for the diltiazem is about 1.5 to 3 hours.

32. A method according to claim 31, wherein at least 45% of the ACE inhibitor is released within about 40 minutes after completion of the delay period or at least 75% of the diuretic is released within about 40 minutes after completion of the delay period.

33. A method according to claim 28, wherein the osmotic device further comprises an inert water soluble or erodible coat between the semipermeable membrane and the immediate release coat.

34. A method according to claim 28, wherein the chronotherapeutic osmotic device is administered within three hours prior to a period of sleep.

35. A method according to claim 28, wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril (ENA), captopril (CAP), lisinopril (LIS), benazepril (BEN), enalaprilat (ENAP), espirapril (ESP), fosinopril (FOS), moexipril (MXP), quinapril (QNA), ramipril (RAM), perindopril, and trandolapril.

36. A method according to claim 28, wherein the diuretic is selected from the group consisting of high-ceiling diuretics, furosemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, torsemide, muzolimide, azosemide, piretanide, tripamide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, idapamide, metozalone, cyclopenthiazide, xipamide, mefruside, dorzolamide, acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, cyclothiazide, clopamide, dichlorphenamide, hydroflumethiazide, trichlormethiazide, polythiazide and benzothiazide.

37. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device comprising:

a) a core comprising diltiazem, an osmagent and one or more excipients;

b) a semipermeable membrane surrounding the core;

c) one or more passageways in the semipermeable membrane;

d) an immediate release coat surrounding the semipermeable membrane and comprising an ACE inhibitor or diuretic; and

e) a delayed release coat surrounding the immediate release coat.

38. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 37, wherein the initial delay periods for beginning release of the diltiazem and the ACE inhibitor or diuretic are approximately the same.

39. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 37, wherein the initial delay period for beginning release of the diltiazem is longer than the initial delay period for beginning release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic.

40. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 37, wherein the delay period for the ACE inhibitor or diuretic is about 1.5 to 2.5 hours and the delay period for the diltiazem is about 1.5 to 3 hours.

41. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 40, wherein at least 75% of the ACE inhibitor is released within about 40 minutes after completion of the delay period or at least 75% of the diuretic is released within about 40 minutes after completion of the delay period.

42. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 37, wherein the osmotic device further comprises an inert water soluble or erodible coat between the semipermeable membrane and the immediate release coat.

43. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 37, wherein the chronotherapeutic osmotic device is administered within three hours prior to a period of sleep.

44. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 37, wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril (ENA), captopril (CAP), lisinopril (LIS), benazepril (BEN), enalaprilat (ENAP), espirapril (ESP), fosinopril (FOS), moexipril (MXP), quinapril (QNA), ramipril (RAM), perindopril and trandolapril.

45. A chronotherapeutic osmotic device according to claim 37, wherein the diuretic is selected from the group consisting of high-ceiling diuretics, furosemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, torsemide, muzolimide, azosemide, piretanide, tripamide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, metozalone, cyclopenthiazide, xipamide, mefruside, dorzolamide, acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, cyclothiazide, clopamide, dichlorphenamide, hydroflumethiazide, trichlormethiazide, polythiazide, and benzothiazide.

47. A chronotherapeutic controlled release dosage form comprising:

a) a therapeutically effective amount of diltiazem;

b) a therapeutically effective amount of an ACE inhibitor or diuretic; and

c) a delayed release composition;

wherein the dosage form releases the diltiazem and the ACE inhibitor or diuretic agent after an initial delay period, after which the diltiazem is released at a controlled rate and the ACE inhibitor or diuretic is released rapidly.

48. The dosage form of claim 47 comprising:

a. a different second composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic.

49. The dosage form of claim 48, wherein the delayed release composition surrounds at least one of the first and second compositions.

50. The dosage form of claim 49, wherein the second composition surrounds the first composition, and the delayed release composition surrounds the second composition.

51. The dosage form of claim 48, wherein the delayed release composition is included within at least one of the first and second compositions.

52. The dosage form of claim 51, wherein the delayed release composition is included within the second composition, and the second composition surrounds the first composition.

53. The dosage form of claim 48, wherein the delay period for initial release of the diltiazem is approximately the same as the delay period for initial release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic.

54. The dosage form of claim 48, wherein the delay period for initial release of the diltiazem is different than the delay period for initial release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic.

55. The dosage form of claim 48, wherein the delay period for initial release of the diltiazem is about 1.5 to 3 hours, and the delay period for initial release of the ACE inhibitor or diuretic is about 1.5 to 2.5 hours.

56. The dosage form of claim 48, wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril (ENA), captopril (CAP), lisinopril (LIS), benazepril (BEN), enalaprilat (ENAP), espirapril (ESP), fosinopril (FOS), moexipril (MXP), quinapril (QNA), ramipril (RAM), perindopril, and trandolapril.

57. The dosage form of claim 48, wherein the diuretic is selected from the group consisting of high-ceiling diuretics, furosemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, torsemide, muzolimide, azosemide, piretanide, tripamide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indipamide, metozalone, cyclopenthiazide, xipamide, mefruside, dorzolamide, acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, cyclothiazide, clopamide, dichlorphenamide, hydroflumethiazide, trichlormethiazide, polythiazide and benzothiazide.

58. The dosage form of claim 51, wherein the delayed release composition is included within the first composition, and the second composition surrounds the first composition.