Color tailorable pigmented optical bodies with surface metalization

• US 6,569,517 B1
• Filed: 11/17/2000
• Issued: 05/27/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Gilbert, Laurence R., Klaenhammer, Bryan L., McGurran, Daniel J., Olson, James A.
• Primary Examiner(s): LE, HOA T
• Application Number:
  US09/714,932
• Time in Patent Office: 921 Days
• Field of Search: 428/323, 428/458, 428/328, 428/336, 428/337, 428/457, 359/582, 359/585, 359/589
• US Class Current: 428/323
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/205 Neutral density filters
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/223 containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/256 Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/265 1 mil or less
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/266 of base or substrate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31681 Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]

Abstract

A color-tailorable, surface-metalized, pigmented optical body comprising a single or multiple layer polymeric core comprising at least one layer of a thermoplastic polymer material having dispersed therein a particulate pigment, and a metallic layer located on at least one outer surface of the polymeric core. The optical bodies are generally constructed such that the at least one of the L*, a*, and b* color scales of the polymeric core differs from the L*, a*, and b* color scales of the metallic layer.

Claims

1. An optical body comprising:

a single or multiple layer polymeric core comprising at least one oriented layer of a thermoplastic polymer material having dispersed therein a particulate pigment, and

a metallic layer located on at least one outer surface of the polymeric core, the metallic layer having a transmission in the visible region of 1 to 90 percent.

2. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the optical body exhibits a transmission of light within a wavelength band of interest within the visible spectrum of from about 5 to about 90 percent.

3. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the average reflectivity of the optical body is about 25 percent or less within the visible region.

4. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the average reflectivity of the optical body is greater than 25 percent within the visible region.

5. The optical body of claim 1, further comprising at least one additional layer that is substantially free of particulate pigmentation.

6. The optical body of claim 5, wherein the additional layer is located intermediate to the polymeric core and the metallic layer.

7. The optical body of claim 5, wherein the additional layer is located on at least one outer surface of the polymeric core.

8. The optical body of claim 5, wherein the additional layer is located on at least one outer surface of the metallic layer.

9. The optical body of claim 5, wherein the additional layer is a transparent coating, laminate, or film.

10. The optical body of claim 5, wherein the additional layer comprises an oriented film.

11. The optical body of claim 5, wherein the additional layer comprises a multilayer optical film.

12. The optical body of claim 1 further comprising at least one additional layer of a thermoplastic polymer material having dispersed therein a particulate pigment, such that said metallic layer is located intermediate the polymeric core and the additional layer.

13. The optical body of claim 1 wherein the optical body exhibits a total haze of less than about ten percent.

14. The optical body of claim 1 wherein the optical body exhibits a total haze of less than about five percent.

15. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the optical body exhibits an internal haze of less than about five percent.

16. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the optical body exhibits an internal haze of less than about three percent.

17. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the particulate pigment comprises carbon black.

18. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the metallic layer comprises aluminum, silver, gold, copper, nickel, titanium, iron, stainless steel, platinum, tin, lead, chromium, or inconel, or combinations thereof.

19. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the metallic layer comprises a multilayered structure comprising metals, metal-oxides, or alloys.

20. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the metallic layer comprises aluminum, and wherein the thickness of the metallic layer is between about 0.5 nm and about 29 nm.

21. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the metallic layer comprises silver, and wherein the thickness of the metallic layer is between about 2 nm and about 69 nm.

22. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the metallic layer comprises nickel, and wherein the thickness of the metallic layer is between about 0.5 nm and about 52 nm.

23. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the particulate pigment comprises a material selected from the group consisting of iron oxides, ammonium ferrocyanides, titanium dioxides, antimony oxides, zirconium oxides, zirconium silicates, zinc oxides, zinc sulfides, barium sulfates, calcium carbonates, calcium sulfates, cadmium sulfides, cadmium selenides, lead sulfates, chromium oxides, chromates, molybdates, manganates, silica, silicates, aluminosilicates, sodium alumino sulphosilicates, Pigment Blue 28, Cobalt Blue, Cobalt Aluminate, King'"'"'s Blue, Thenard'"'"'s Blue, Cadmium Red, Molybdate Orange, Lead Molybdate, Chrome Yellow, Lead Chromates, Chrome Green, Pigment Yellow 53, Titanium Yellow, Nickel Titanate, Nickel Antimony Titanate, Nickel Titanate Yellow, Pigment Violet 16, Manganese Violet, Permanent Violet, Nuremberg Violet, Mineral Violet, Fast Violet, phthalocyanines, copper phthalocyanines, quinacridones, anthraquinones, perylenes, perinones, dioxazines, diketo-pyrrolo-pyrrols (DPPs), indanthrones, benzidines, isoindolines and isoindolinones, benzimidazolones, azo pigments, disazo pigments, polyazo pigments, metallized azo pigments, and blends or mixtures thereof.

24. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the particulate pigment is between about 0.01 and about 1.0 percent by weight of the polymeric core, and wherein the particulate pigment has a mean diameter of between about 10 nm and about 500 nm.

25. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer material comprises a condensation polymer.

26. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer material comprises a polyester.

27. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer material comprises a polyester comprising terephthalate monomer units.

28. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer material comprises a polyester comprising naphthalate monomer units.

29. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer material comprises a polyester selected from the group consisting of polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonates, polyarylates, polybutylene naphthalate, polypropylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and blends and copolymers of any of the above with each other or with other polymers.

30. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the single or multiple layer core is oriented.

31. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the single or multiple layer core comprises a multilayer optical film.

32. An article comprising the optical body of claim 1.

33. A window glazing film comprising the optical body of claim 1.

34. An infrared mirror comprising the optical body of claim 1.

35. A puncture resistant film comprising the optical body of claim 1.

36. A solar control film comprising the optical body of claim 1.

37. A security film comprising the optical body of claim 1.

38. A contrast enhancement film comprising the optical body of claim 1.

39. A display device comprising an external viewing surface which is configured to comprise the contrast enhancement film of claim 38.

40. A display device comprising the optical body of claim 1.

41. A traffic sign comprising the optical body of claim 1.

42. An optical body comprising:

a single or multiple layer polymeric core comprising at least one oriented layer of a thermoplastic polymer material having dispersed therein a particulate pigment, and

a metallic layer located on at least one outer surface of the polymeric core, the metallic layer having a transmission in the visible region of 1 to 90 percent,

wherein the color scales of the metallic layer are L*_m, a*_m, and b*_m,

wherein the color scales of the polymeric core are L*_p, a*_p, and b*_p, and

wherein at least one of the L*_m, a*_m, and b*_m values differs from the corresponding L*_p, a*_p, and b*_p values within the visible spectrum.

43. The optical body of claim 42, wherein at least one of the L*_m, a*_m, and b*_m values differs from the corresponding L*_p, a*_p, and b*_p values by an absolute value of about 1 or more.

44. The optical body of claim 42, wherein at least one of the L*_m, a*_m, and b*_m values differs from the corresponding L*_p, a*_p, and b*_p values by an absolute value of about 2 or more.

45. The optical body of claim 42, wherein at least one of the a*_m and b*_m values differs from the corresponding a*_p and b*_p values.

46. The optical body of claim 42, wherein at least one of the a*_m and b*_m color scale values of the metallic layer is opposite in sign to the corresponding a*_p and b*_p color scale values.

47. The optical body of claim 46, wherein the corresponding color scale values of opposite sign have absolute values that are approximately equal.

48. The optical body of claim 42, wherein at least one of the a*_m and b*_m values is the same in sign as the corresponding a*_p and b*_p values.

49. An optical body comprising:

a single or multiple layer polymeric core comprising at least one oriented layer of a thermoplastic polymer material having dispersed therein a particulate pigment, and

a metallic layer located on at least one outer surface of the polymeric core, the metallic layer having a transmission in the visible region of 1 to 90 percent,

wherein the transmission spectrum of the metallic layer differs from the transmission spectrum of the polymeric core within the visible spectrum.

50. The optical body of claim 49, wherein the transmission spectrum of the metallic layer differs from the transmission spectrum of the polymeric core by about 2 percent or more at one or more wavelengths within the visible spectrum.

51. The optical body of claim 49, wherein the average transmission of the metallic layer within the visible spectrum differs from the average transmission of the polymeric core within the visible spectrum.

52. The optical body of claim 49, wherein the transmission spectrum of the metallic layer differs from the transmission spectrum of the polymeric core within a wavelength band of interest within the visible spectrum.

53. An optical body comprising:

a single or multiple layer polymeric core comprising at least one oriented layer of a thermoplastic polymer material having dispersed therein a particulate pigment, and

a metallic layer located on at least one outer surface of the polymeric core, the metallic layer having a transmission in the visible region of 1 to 90 percent,

wherein the transmission spectrum of the optical body differs from both the transmission spectrum of the metallic layer and the transmission spectrum of the polymeric core within the visible spectrum.

54. The optical body of claim 53, wherein the transmission spectrum of the optical body differs from the transmission spectrum of the metallic layer and polymeric core by about 2 percent or more at one or more wavelengths within the visible region.

55. The optical body of claim 53, wherein the average transmission of the optical body within the visible spectrum differs from both the average transmission of the metallic layer and the average transmission of the polymeric core within the visible spectrum.

56. The optical body of claim 53, wherein the transmission spectrum of the optical body differs from both the transmission spectrum of the metallic layer and the transmission spectrum of the polymeric core within a wavelength band of interest within the visible spectrum.

57. An optical body comprising:

a single or multiple layer polymeric core comprising at least one oriented layer of a thermoplastic polymer material having dispersed therein a particulate pigment, and

a metallic layer located on at least one outer surface of the polymeric core, the metallic layer having a transmission in the visible region of 1 to 90 percent,

wherein the color scales of the optical body are L*_o, a*_o, and b*_o, and

wherein the a_*, and b_*, values range from about −

5 to about 5 within the visible spectrum.

58. The optical body of claim 57, wherein the a*_o and b*_o values range from about −

3 to about 3 within the visible spectrum.