Method and apparatus for locating a faulty component in a cable television system having cable modems

• US 6,588,016 B1
• Filed: 06/30/1998
• Issued: 07/01/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Millet, Mark E., Naegeli, Charles J., Chen, Wei-Sing
• Primary Examiner(s): Miller, John
• Assistant Examiner(s): BELIVEAU, SCOTT E
• Application Number:
  US09/107,837
• Time in Patent Office: 1,827 Days
• Field of Search: 725/107, 725/111, 370/242, 370/252, 714/25, 714/46, 714/47
• US Class Current: 725/111
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0213 Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0677 Localisation of faults
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/045 for graphical visualisation of monitoring data
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/065 related to network devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0817 by checking functioning
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/10 Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2402 Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available traffic monitoring in data switching networks H04L43/00; monitoring data switching networks utilization H04L43/0876
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/42676 for modulating an analogue carrier signal to encode digital information or demodulating it to decode digital information, e.g. ADSL or cable modem
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4424 Monitoring of the internal components or processes of the client device, e.g. CPU or memory load, processing speed, timer, counter or percentage of the hard disk space used error monitoring in general G06F11/30; arrangements for monitoring conditions of receiving stations in broadcast systems H04H60/32; diagnosis, testing or measuring for television receivers H04N17/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6583 Acknowledgement
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/17309 Transmission or handling of upstream communications

Abstract

A method and system for locating faulty components in a cable modem network configured within a hybrid fiber-coaxial cable television system by tabulating modem performance data are described. A method of isolating problematic components in a cable modem network includes determining whether a cable modem transmitted a polling message to a central destination during the modem'"'"'s allotted time interval. A media access control layer, located within a cable modem termination system (CMTS), keeps a miss count for the cable modem that reflects the number of times the cable modem does not transmit a polling message to the CMTS during its allotted time. The media access control layer determines whether the cable modem is changing states. This data and the miss count is tabulated in a form that can be analyzed by a correlation module to determine characteristics of the cable television plant. A cable modem entry is inserted into a list of modems experiencing irregular behavior according to the tabulated network topology data relating to the miss count.

Claims

1. A method of locating a faulty component in a cable modem network, the method comprising:

determining whether a cable modem has transmitted a polling message to a central destination, the cable modem capable of being in one of a plurality of states, each state representing a condition of the cable modem;

creating a miss count for the cable modem, the miss count reflecting the number of times the cable modem does not transmit a polling message to the central repository;

creating data specifying one or more additional properties of the cable modem, which additional properties include at least a power level adjustment parameter;

tabulating data relating to the miss count, and the one or more additional properties; and

inserting a cable modem entry in an irregular behavior list according to tabulated data relating to the miss count, and the one or more additional properties.

2. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the cable modem network is part of a cable television plant.

3. A method as recited in claim 2 wherein the cable television plant is a hybrid fiber coaxial cable system.

4. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein determining whether a cable modem has transmitted a polling message to a central destination further comprises informing the cable modem of a time interval in which the cable modem can transmit a polling message to the central destination.

5. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the central destination is a cable modem termination system.

6. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the plurality of states includes a hit state, a miss state, and an initial start-up state.

7. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprising informing the central destination that the cable modem is activated and desires a time interval in which to transmit a polling message to the central destination.

8. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein creating a miss count for the cable modem further comprises:

detecting when the cable modem does not transmit a polling message to the central destination during an assigned time interval; and

counting the number of times the cable modem does not transmit a polling message to the central repository.

9. A method as recited in claim 8 further comprising resetting the miss count to zero whenever the cable modem does transmit a polling message to the central repository.

10. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprising:

creating a hit count for the cable modem, the hit count reflecting the number of times the cable modem transmits a polling message to the central repository; and

resetting the miss count whenever the cable modem transmits a polling message during an assigned time interval.

11. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein tabulating data relating to the miss count further comprises tracking the number of times the cable modem misses sending a polling message to the central destination.

12. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein inserting a cable modem entry in an irregular behavior list of cable modems further comprises determining whether the cable modem has behaved in a manner predetermined to be irregular.

13. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprising processing the tabulated data from a plurality of cable modems through a path analyzing module to locate a faulty component.

14. A method as recited in claim 13 further comprising inputting a database containing geographical data into the path analyzing module.

15. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the irregular behavior list of cable modems references performance statistics on each modem.

16. A method as recited in claim 15 wherein the performance statistics are stored in a cable modem table that contains data on each one of the cable modems in the cable modem network.

17. A system for locating faults in a cable television plant including a plurality of cable modems, the system comprising:

a network management console for conveying fault information in the cable television plant processed by a fault information processing component;

a cable modem termination system including a media access control component for preparing data to be transmitted in the cable television plant and for monitoring and tabulating fault data related to the plurality of cable modems, the fault data including

a miss count for the cable modem which reflects the number of times at least one of the cable modems does not transmit a polling message to the cable modem termination system, and

one or more additional properties of the at least one of the cable modems, which additional properties include at least a power level adjustment parameter;

a memory storage area for storing the fault data associated with the plurality of cable modems; and

a network of cable modems including the plurality of cable modems capable of receiving data from and sending data to the cable modem termination system.

18. A system as recited in claim 17 wherein the network management console includes a path analyzing module and a display monitor for displaying output from the path analyzing module.

19. A system as recited in claim 17 further comprising a two-way communication link between the network management console and the cable modem termination system.

20. A system as recited in claim 17 wherein the media access control component further comprises a plurality of state machines for detecting transitions of a cable modem.

21. A system as recited in claim 20 wherein one of the state machines in the plurality of state machines detects whether a cable modem is in an initial maintenance state.

22. A system as recited in claim 20 wherein one of the state machines in the plurality of state machines detects whether a cable modem has transmitted a polling message to the cable modem termination system during an assigned time interval.

23. A system as recited in claim 17 wherein the media access control component further comprises a message processing module for sending maintenance messages to the plurality of cable modems and for receiving polling messages from the plurality of cable modems.

24. A system as recited in claim 17 wherein the memory storage area further comprises a flapping modem list having a first plurality of entries and a cable modem table having a second plurality of entries, where an entry in the flapping modem list references an entry in the cable modem table.

25. A system as recited in claim 17 wherein the network of cable modems is configured in conjunction with the cable television plant.

26. A fault locator for use in a cable television plant including a network of cable modems, the fault locator comprising:

a message processing module for sending and receiving polling messages relating to the network of cable modems;

a flapping modem detector for detecting when a cable modem changes state more frequently than an acceptable frequency level;

a cable modem table for storing information including

a miss count for the cable modem which reflects the number of times at least one of the cable modems does not transmit a polling message to the cable modem termination system, and

one or more additional properties of the at least one of the cable modems, which additional properties include at least a power level adjustment parameter; and

a flapping modem list for storing information relating to the network of cable modems.

27. A fault locator as recited in claim 26 further comprising a network management console for correlating fault information and displaying the fault information to a user.

28. A fault locator as recited in claim 26 wherein the message processing module further comprises a first module for sending an initial maintenance message to the network of cable modems.

29. A fault locator as recited in claim 26 wherein the message processing module further comprises a second module for receiving polling messages from the network of cable modems.

30. A fault locator as recited in claim 26 wherein the flapping modem detector further comprises a hit/miss state machine for detecting whether a cable modem has transmitted a polling message during an allotted time.

31. A fault locator as recited in claim 26 wherein the flapping modem list stores cable modem identifiers and reference pointers to a cable modem table.

32. A cable modem list for use in a cable modem network fault detection system, the cable modem list including a plurality of modem entries, a modem entry comprising:

a modem identifier field for storing a unique identifier of a modem;

one or more polling response fields for storing information relating to how often a modem transmits a polling response;

one or more modem state transition fields for storing information on state transitions of a cable modem; and

one or more fields for storing information including

a miss count for the cable modem which reflects the number of times at least one of the cable modems does not transmit a polling message to the cable modem termination system, and

one or more additional properties of the at least one of the cable modems, which additional properties include at least a power level adjustment parameter.

33. A cable modem list as recited in claim 32 wherein the unique identifier of a modem is a media access control address assigned to the modem.

34. A cable modem list as recited in claim 32 wherein the one or more polling response fields further comprises a first polling response field that stores the number of hits made by the modem, a hit indicating that the modem transmitted a polling message during an allotted time interval.

35. A cable modem list as recited in claim 32 wherein the one or more polling response fields further comprises a second polling response field that stores the number of misses made by the modem, a miss indicating that the modem did not transmit a polling message during an allotted time interval.

36. A cable modem list as recited in claim 32 wherein the one or more modem state transition fields further comprises a first transition field that stores a count of the number of times a modem transitions into an initial maintenance state.

37. A cable modem list as recited in claim 32 wherein the one or more modem state transition fields further comprises a second transition field that stores the last time and day a modem changed states.

38. A cable modem list as recited in claim 32 wherein the one or more modem state transition fields further comprises a third transition field that stores a count of the number of times a modem has changed states.

39. A computer program product for locating a faulty component in a cable modem network, the computer program product comprising:

a computer readable medium;

a computer code stored on the computer readable medium for determining whether a cable modem has transmitted a polling message to a central destination, the cable modem capable of being in one of a plurality of states, each state representing a condition of the cable modem;

a computer code stored on the computer readable medium for creating a miss count for the cable modem, the miss count reflecting the number of times the cable modem does not transmit a polling message to the central repository;

a computer code stored on the computer readable medium for creating data specifying one or more additional properties of the cable modem, which additional properties include at least a power level adjustment parameter;

a computer code stored on the computer readable medium for tabulating data relating to the miss count, and the one or more additional properties; and

a computer code stored on the computer readable medium for inserting a cable modem entry in an irregular behavior list of cable modems according to tabulated data relating to the miss count, and the one or more additional properties.

40. A computer program product for storing a cable modem list for use in a cable modem network fault detection system, the cable modem list including a plurality of modem entries, the computer program product comprising:

a computer readable medium;

a modem entry formatted on the computer readable medium comprising;

a modem identifier field for storing a unique identifier of a modem;

one or more polling response fields for storing information relating to how often a modem transmits a polling response;

one or more modem state transition fields for storing information on state transitions of a cable modem; and

one or more fields for storing information including

a miss count for the cable modem which reflects the number of times at least one of the cable modems does not transmit a polling message to the cable modem termination system, and

one or more additional properties of the at least one of the cable modems, which additional properties include at least a power level adjustment parameter.

41. A computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave for locating a faulty component in a cable modem network, the computer data signal comprising:

determining whether a cable modem has transmitted a polling message to a central destination, the cable modem capable of being in one of a plurality of states, each state representing a condition of the cable modem;

creating a miss count for the cable modem, the miss count reflecting the number of times the cable modem does not transmit a polling message to the central repository;

creating data specifying one or more additional properties of the cable modem, which additional properties include at least a power level adjustment parameter;

tabulating data relating to the miss count, and the one or more additional properties; and

inserting a cable modem entry in an irregular behavior list of cable modems according to tabulated data relating to the miss count, and the one or more additional properties.