Implantable micro-pump assembly

• US 6,589,198 B1
• Filed: 06/05/2000
• Issued: 07/08/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 01/29/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: David Soltanpour, Mohsen Shahinpoor
• Original Assignee: David Soltanpour, Mohsen Shahinpoor
• Inventors: Shahinpoor, Mohsen, Soltanpour, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Sykes, Angela D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Deak, Leslie R.
• Application Number:
  US09/586,962
• Time in Patent Office: 1,128 Days
• Field of Search: 604/8, 604/9, 604/10, 604/119, 604/151, 604/123, 604/131, 604/149, 623/14.13, 623/3.12, 623/6.14, 623/23.68
• US Class Current: 604/9
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 9/00781 Apparatus for modifying intraocular pressure, e.g. for glaucoma treatment drainage implants in general A61M27/002
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/73 comprising sensors or indicators for physical values
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/80 Suction pumps A61M1/64, A61M1/71, A61M60/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14586 pressurised by means of a flexible diaphragm
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14593 the diaphragm being actuated by fluid pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/043 Micropumps
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/868 with optical means
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/906 Drug delivery

Abstract

Self-powered, bio- implantable, pressure adjustable mini-pump systems for medical applications including body fluid pressure control, drainage control, and drug delivery systems. The mini-pump systems include a primary mini-pump chamber having an anterior end attached to an implantable intake conduit. The device of the invention is further equipped with an adjustable variable flow valve or shunt in the form of a first cantilever slab, in combination with an anterior end one-way valve in the form of another cantilever slab. The posterior end of the mini-pump chamber is connected to a drainage conduit, via another one-way valve. Opposing diaphragm elements in the form of a pair of oscillatory flexing miniature ionic polymer metal composite IPPC artificial muscles, is used to vary the volume of the primary mini-pump chamber and thereby effect pumping action. A key feature of the invention is a secondary power generation system, which, in one embodiment of the invention comprises a relatively large piece of IPPC artificial muscle which, for certain types of implants, may be attached to local muscle tissue. Contraction and expansion of the local muscle tissue causes flexure of the IPPC artificial muscle, thereby generating a voltage for driving the diaphragm elements.

Claims

1. A bio- implantable pump assembly for ocular implantation to selectively reduce ocular pressure comprising:

a main body having an interior chamber with an intake conduit and a discharge conduit coupled thereto to allow for fluid flow into and through said interior chamber;

a first valve means for selectively allowing a fluid to flow into said interior chamber from said intake conduit, and a second valve means for selectively allowing said fluid to discharge from said interior chamber through said discharge conduit; and

, fluid displacement means comprised of artificial muscle disposed within said main body for generating pressure to pump said fluid.

2. The assembly of claim 1 wherein said displacement means is electrically connected to a source of electrical power.

3. The assembly of claim 1 wherein said first valve is a flow regulator.

4. The assembly of claim 3 wherein said flow regulator is an adjustable check valve.

5. The assembly of claim 2 wherein said source of electrical power is a second artificial muscle disposed exteriorly of said main body.

6. The assembly of claim 5 wherein said second artificial muscle generates a voltage in response to bending and twisting forces.

7. The assembly of claim 6 wherein said assembly is positioned in an implant area, and said second artificial muscle is adapted for attachment to muscle or tissue proximate the implant area, whereby movement of said muscle or tissue causes said bending and twisting forces to be applied to said second artificial muscle.

8. The assembly of claim 1 wherein said displacement means is formed from a pair of mutually opposed strips of ionic polymer metal composite IPPC material.

9. The assembly of claim 1 wherein said displacement means is formed from a pair of mutually opposed strips of artificial muscle material.

10. A bio- implantable pump assembly comprising:

a main body having an interior chamber with an intake conduit and a discharge conduit fluidly coupled thereto to allow for fluid flow into and through said interior chamber;

a first valve means for selectively allowing a fluid to flow into said interior chamber from said intake conduit, and a second valve means for selectively allowing said fluid to discharge from said interior chamber through said outlet; and

,

a fluid displacement means connected to a source of power for generating pressure to pump said fluid;

wherein said source of power for said fluid displacement means is an artificial muscle.

11. The assembly of claim 10 wherein said artificial muscle is a strip of ionic polymer metal composite IPPC material.

12. The assembly of claim 10 wherein said artificial muscle generates electrical power in response to bending and twisting forces.

13. The assembly of claim 12 wherein said assembly is positioned in an implant area, and a secondary artificial muscle is adapted to be attached to muscle or tissue proximate the implant area, whereby movement of said muscle or tissue causes said bending and twisting forces to be applied to said secondary artificial muscle.

14. The assembly of claim 10 wherein said fluid displacement means is formed from a pair of mutually opposed strips of ionic polymer metal composite IPPC material.

15. The assembly of claim 10 wherein said fluid displacement means is formed from a pair of mutually opposed strips of artificial muscle material.

16. The assembly of claim 10 wherein said first valve means is an adjustable check valve.

17. A bio- implantable pump assembly comprising:

a main body having an interior chamber;

an intake conduit and a discharge conduit extending from said main body and fluidly coupled to said interior chamber to allow for fluid flow into and through said interior chamber;

a first valve means for selectively allowing a fluid to flow into said interior chamber through said intake conduit, and a second valve means for selectively allowing said fluid to discharge from said interior chamber through said discharge conduit; and

,

a fluid displacement means disposed within said interior chamber for generating pressure to pump said fluid; and

,

an artificial muscle means electrically connected to said fluid displacement means for supplying electrical power thereto.

18. A bio- implantable pump assembly for implantation into an anterior chamber of an eye for controlling ocular pressure comprising:

a main body having an interior chamber with an intake conduit and a discharge conduit to allow for fluid flow into and through said interior chamber; and

,

an fluid displacement means comprised of artificial muscle disposed within said main body for generating pressure to pump said fluid.

19. The assembly of claim 18 including a first valve means for selectively allowing a fluid to flow into said interior chamber from said intake conduit, and a second valve means for selectively allowing said fluid to discharge from said interior chamber through said discharge conduit.

20. The assembly of claim 18 wherein said displacement means is electrically connected to a source of electrical power.

21. The assembly of claim 20 wherein said source of electrical power is a second artificial muscle.

22. The assembly of claim 21 wherein said second artificial muscle generates a voltage in response to bending and twisting forces.

23. The assembly of claim 22 wherein said assembly is positioned in an implant area, and said second artificial muscle is adapted for attachment to muscle or tissue proximate the implant area, whereby movement of said muscle or tissue causes said bending and twisting forces to be, applied to said second artificial muscle.

24. The assembly of claim 18 wherein said first valve means is a flow regulator.

25. The assembly of claim 24 wherein said flow regulator is an adjustable check valve.

26. The assembly of claim 18 wherein said artificial muscle fluid displacement means is formed from a pair of mutually opposed strips of ionic polymer metal composite IPPC material.