Electrical peak load distributor

• US 6,590,304 B1
• Filed: 04/14/2000
• Issued: 07/08/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/16/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Manning Tronics Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Manning Tronics Incorporated
• Inventors: Manning, Michael L., Stembridge, Frank
• Primary Examiner(s): FLEMING, FRITZ M
• Application Number:
  US09/548,979
• Time in Patent Office: 1,180 Days
• Field of Search: 307/131, 307/38-41
• US Class Current: 307/131
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/52 The controlling of the operation of the load not being the total disconnection of the load, i.e. entering a degraded mode or in current limitation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/54 according to a pre-established time schedule
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

A method and apparatus for peak load distribution is disclosed. A peak load distributor reduces the demand on a power distribution system by controlling the power available to loads. The apparatus takes an AC current input and a micro-controller executes control algorithms to open and close power outputs to deferrable loads. The outputs are generally put in series with the power applied to a load to disable the load or to lower peak demand.

Claims

1. A power distributor, comprising:

a current sensor having a load input and a sensor output;

a control unit connected to the current sensor, the control unit comprising;

a current sensor input connected to the sensor output;

control outputs adapted to respond to a current in the current sensor;

a control switch connected to each of the control outputs; and

a microcontroller electrically coupled to the current sensor input and the control outputs, wherein the microcontroller includes a timer connected to a timer switch, and a memory, the microcontroller, the memory having a non-timer process and a timer process,

wherein the non-timer process comprises instructions to cut-off power to the control outputs when a current in the current sensor exceeds a first threshold, and to distribute power to the control outputs when the current in the current sensor drops below a second threshold, and

wherein the timer process comprises instructions to distribute power to the outputs so long as the current in the current sensor remains below the first threshold, to continue distributing power to the control outputs if the current in the current sensor exceeds the first threshold for a first time interval, and continuously alternating the power to the outputs on for a first predetermined time and off for a second predetermined time if the current remains in excess of the first threshold for a second time interval, until the currant in the current sensor falls below the second threshold.

2. The power distributor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the current sensor is a current transformer.

3. The power distributor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the current sensor includes an input adapted to receive a plurality of conductors, each of the plurality of conductors having a unique current level.

4. The power distributor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the timer is based on a line frequency.

5. A method of controlling power in a power distribution system, comprising:

providing a current in a current sensor, the current having a plurality of threshold values;

providing power or a plurality of loads, each load having a current;

monitoring the threshold values of the current in the current sensor; and

based on tile threshold values of the current in the current sensor, distributing power to the outputs so long as the current in the current sensor remains below a first threshold, continuing to distribute power to the control outputs if the current in the current sensor exceeds the first threshold for a first time interval, and continuously alternating the power to the outputs on for a first predetermined time and off for a second predetermined time if the current remains in excess of the first threshold for a second time interval, until the current in the current sensor falls below a second threshold.

6. An electric distribution system, comprising:

a plurality of circuits, each having a plurality of loads;

a peak load distributor, comprising;

a current sensor having a load input and a sensor output;

a control unit connected to the current sensor, the control unit comprising;

a current sensor input connected to the sensor output;

control outputs, each connected to a respective one of the plurality of loads, the control outputs adapted to respond to a current in the current sensor;

a control switch connected to each of the control outputs; and

a microcontroller electrically coupled to the current sensor input and the control outputs, wherein the microcontroller includes a timer connected to a timer switch, and a memory, the microcontroller, the memory having a non-timer process and a timer process,

wherein the non-timer process comprises instructions to cut-off power to the control outputs when a current in the current sensor exceeds a first threshold, and to distribute power to the control outputs when the current in the current sensor drops below a second threshold,

wherein the timer process comprises instructions to distribute power to the outputs so long as the current in the current sensor remains below the first threshold, to continue distributing power to the control outputs if the current in the current sensor exceeds the first threshold for a first time interval, and continuously alternating the power to the outputs on for a first predetermined time and off for a second predetermined time if the current remains in excess of the first threshold for a second time interval, until the current in the current sensor falls below the second threshold.

7. The electric distribution system as claimed in claim 6 further comprising a remote meter and communications module connected to the peak load distributor.