Pulse transmission transceiver architecture for low power communications

• US 6,603,818 B1
• Filed: 09/23/1999
• Issued: 08/05/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Dress, William B. Jr., Smith, Stephen F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Chi
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bayard, Emmanuel
• Application Number:
  US09/404,009
• Time in Patent Office: 1,412 Days
• Field of Search: 375/259, 375/260, 375/261, 375/268, 375/272, 375/273, 375/295, 375/298, 375/300, 375/306, 375/307, 375/132, 375/135, 375/138, 375/146, 370/203, 370/206, 370/210, 370/212, 370/213, 370/204, 370/480, 370/478, 370/503, 324/533, 332/100
• US Class Current: 375/295
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/71637 Receiver aspects H04B1/7183 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7172 Pulse shape in general H04L25/03834
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7174 Pulse generation in general H04L25/03834
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/719 Interference-related aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03834 using pulse shaping
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/49 using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems spectral shaping H04L25/03828

Abstract

Systems and methods for pulse-transmission low-power communication modes are disclosed. A method of pulse transmission communications includes: generating a modulated pulse signal waveform; transforming said modulated pulse signal waveform into at least one higher-order derivative waveform; and transmitting said at least one higher-order derivative waveform as an emitted pulse. The systems and methods significantly reduce lower-frequency emissions from pulse transmission spread-spectrum communication modes, which reduces potentially harmful interference to existing radio frequency services and users and also simultaneously permit transmission of multiple data bits by utilizing specific pulse shapes.

Claims

1. A method-of pulse transmission communications, comprising:

generating a time domain pulse-signal waveform;

transforming said time domain pulse-signal waveform into at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform; and

transmitting said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform as an emitted pulse, wherein transforming said time domain pulse-signal waveform into said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform includes orthogonally encoding a single bit signal into said emitted pulse, and

wherein orthogonally encoding a multiple-bit signal into said emitted pulse includes adding a plurality of higher-order time domain derivative waveforms that are a function of said time domain pulse-signal waveform.

2. A method of pulse transmission communications, comprising:

generating a time domain pulse-signal waveform;

transforming said time domain pulse-signal waveform into at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform;

transmitting said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform as an emitted pulse; and

repeating at least one step selected from a group consisting of generating said time domain pulse-signal waveform and transforming said time domain pulse-signal waveform into said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform, to achieve orthogonal frequency hopping.

3. A method of pulse transmission communications, comprising:

generating a time domain pulse-signal waveform;

transforming said time domain pulse-signal waveform into at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform;

transmitting said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform as an emitted pulse; and

repeating at least one step selected from a group consisting of generating said time domain pulse-signal waveform and transforming said time domain pulse-signal waveform into said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform, to achieve combined orthogonal-frequency-time hopping.

4. An electromagnetic waveform comprising:

an emitted pulse that is produced from at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform of a time domain pulse-signal waveform,

wherein said emitted pulse orthogonally encodes a multiple-bit signal, and

wherein said multiple-bit signal is encoded into said emitted pulse by adding a plurality of higher-order time domain derivative waveforms that are a function of said time domain pulse-signal waveform.

5. A pulse transmitter, comprising:

a clock;

a trigger signal generator coupled to said clock;

at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator coupled to said trigger signal generator;

a selector circuit coupled to said at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator; and

an output-interface device coupled to said at least one higher-order derivative pulse generator.

6. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, further comprising a programmable delay circuit coupled to said trigger signal generator.

7. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, further comprising at least one information modulator circuit coupled to said at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator wherein said at least one information modulator circuit provides at least one function selected from the group consisting of amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, digital binary modulation, phase-shift keying, binary phase-shift keying, quadrature phase-shift keying, offset quadrature phase-shift keying, frequency-shift keying, minimum-shift keying, amplitude shift keying, on-off keying, multi-state data frequency-shift keying, multi-state data phase-shift keying, multi-state data quadrature amplitude modulation, ternary digital modulation, and n-state digital modulation.

8. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, further comprising at least one summation circuit coupled to said at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator.

9. The pulse transmitter of claim 8, wherein said at least one summation circuit includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of a passive combiner, an active summing circuit, and a digital combining circuit.

10. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, further comprising a power amplifier coupled to said at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator.

11. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, further comprising data encoder circuitry coupled to said at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator.

12. The pulse transmitter of claim 7, further comprising data encoder circuitry coupled to said at least one information modulator circuit.

13. The pulse transmitter of claim 7, further comprising a spread-spectrum data modulator coupled to said at least one information modulator circuit.

14. The pulse transmitter of claim 13, wherein said spread-spectrum data modulator provides at least one spread-spectrum mode selected from the group consisting of direct sequence, frequency hopping, and time-hopping.

15. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, including a demultiplexer coupled to said at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator.

16. The pulse transmitter of claim 7, further comprising a demultiplexer coupled to said at least one information modulator circuit.

17. The pulse transmitter of claim 8, further comprising a synchronization-pulse generator coupled to said at least one summation circuit.

18. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, further comprising a matching network connected to said output-interface device.

19. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, wherein said output-interface includes an antenna.

20. The pulse transmitter of claim 6, wherein said programmable delay circuit includes a programmable-delay monostable multivibrator circuit.

21. The pulse transmitter of claim 5, wherein said at least one higher-order time domain derivative pulse generator includes a filter.

22. The pulse transmitter of claim 21 where said filter includes a Gaussian filter.

23. A one-chip integrated circuit including the pulse transmission transmitter of claim 5.

24. A method of pulse transmission communications, comprising:

generating a time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform;

transforming said time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform into at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform; and

transmitting said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform as an emitted pulse,

wherein transforming said time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform into said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform includes orthogonally encoding or modulating a single bit signal into said emitted pulse, and

wherein orthogonally encoding a multiple-bit signal into said emitted pulse includes adding a plurality of higher-order time domain derivative waveforms that are a function of said time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform.

25. A method of pulse transmission communications, comprising:

generating a time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform;

transforming said time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform into at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform; and

transmitting said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform as an emitted pulse; and

repeating at least one step selected from a group consisting of generating said time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform and transforming said time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform into said at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform to achieve orthogonal frequency hopping.

26. An electromagnetic waveform, comprising:

an emitted pulse that is produced from at least one higher-order time domain derivative waveform of a time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform,

wherein said emitted pulse orthogonally encodes a multiple bit signal, and

wherein said multiple bit signal is encoded into said emitted pulse by adding a plurality of higher-order time domain derivative waveforms that are a function of said time domain pulse position modulated signal waveform.