Microperforated polymeric film for sound absorption and sound absorber using same

• US 6,617,002 B2
• Filed: 07/24/1998
• Issued: 09/09/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Wood, Kenneth Brian
• Primary Examiner(s): Morris, Terrel
• Assistant Examiner(s): ROCHE, LEANNA M
• Application Number:
  US09/122,240
• Publication Number:
  US 20010050197A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,873 Days
• Field of Search: 181/292, 181/293, 181/294, 181/295, 428/43, 428/131, 428/134, 428/135, 428/136, 428/137, 428/138
• US Class Current: 428/131
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/16 Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general G10K11/36 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/15 Sheet, web, or layer weakened to permit separation through thickness
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24273 including aperture
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24298 Noncircular aperture [e.g., slit, diamond, rectangular, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24306 Diamond or hexagonal
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24314 Slit or elongated
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24322 Composite web or sheet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24331 including nonapertured component

Abstract

Microperforated polymeric films and sound absorbers using such films are provided. The microperforated polymeric films may be relatively thin and flexible and may further include holes having a narrowest diameter less than the film thickness and a widest diameter greater than the narrowest diameter. The microperforated polymeric films of a sound absorber may also have relatively large free span portions, which, in certain embodiments, may vibrate in response to incident sound waves.

Claims

1. A microperforated polymeric film sound absorber, comprising:

a surface; and

a microperforated polymeric film having a bending stiffness of 10⁷ dyne-cm or less disposed near the surface such that the film and the surface define a cavity therebetween, the film including a plurality of microperforations having a narrowest diameter of 20 mils or less and a relatively large free span portion spanning at least part of the cavity;

wherein the relatively large free span portion has a length of about 100 mils or more;

wherein the sound absorber does not include other microperforated films.

2. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 1, wherein, in response to incident soundwaves at a particular frequency in the audible frequency spectrum, the sound absorber absorbs sound and the free span portion of the microperforated film vibrates.

3. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 2, wherein the film vibration produces a notch in a sound absorption spectrum of the film.

4. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 2, wherein the particular frequency is the fundamental resonant frequency of the film.

5. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 4, wherein the sound absorber has a sound absorption coefficient of 0.4 or greater at the fundamental resonant frequency.

6. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 1, wherein the microperforated film has a thickness less than 80 mils.

7. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 1, wherein the microperforations each have a narrowest diameter of 15 mils or less.

8. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 7, wherein the microperforated film thickness is substantially uniform over the entire microperforated film.

9. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 7, wherein the microperforations each have a narrowest diameter less than the film thickness.

10. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 7, wherein the microperforations each have a narrowest diameter of 10 mils or less.

11. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 7, wherein the microperforations each have a narrowest diameter of 6 mils or less.

12. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 1, wherein the microperforations are tapered.

13. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 12, wherein the microperforations each have a widest diameter and a narrowest diameter, the narrowest diameter being less than the microperforation film thickness.

14. The microperforated film of claim 1, wherein the film has a bending stiffness of 10⁶ dyne-cm or less.

15. The microperforated film of claim 1, wherein the film has a bending stiffness of 10⁵ dyne-cm or less.

16. The microperforated film of claim 15, wherein the film has a surface density of about 0.025 g/cm² or more.

17. The microperforated film of claim 1, wherein the film has a mechanical loss factor of 0.1 or more at room temperature and at audible frequency.

18. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 1, wherein the film includes at least one phase with a glass transition temperature 70°

C. or less.

19. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 1, further including a spacing structure disposed between the microperforated film and the surface for spacing the microperforated film from the surface.

20. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 19, wherein the spacing structure, the surface, and the microperforated film are an integral unit.

21. The microperforated film sound absorber of claim 19, wherein the microperforated film and the spacing structure are an integral unit.

22. The microperforated sound absorber of claim 1, wherein the cavity has a depth ranging from about 0.25 to 6 inches.

23. A sound absorber, comprising:

a surface;

a microperforated film disposed near the surface such that the film and the surface define a cavity therebetween, the film including a plurality of microperforations having a narrowest diameter of 20 mils or less; and

a thermoplastic sound absorbing fibrous material disposed adjacent the microperforated film.

24. The sound absorber of claim 23, wherein the fibrous material is adjacent a side of the microperforated film opposite the surface.

25. The sound absorber of claim 23, wherein the fibrous material is adjacent a side of the microperforated film facing the surface.

26. The sound absorber of claim 23, wherein the microperforated film and the fibrous material are an integral unit.