Passively mode-coupled femtosecond laser
First Claim
1. Passive mode locked femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising:
- a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion;
a prismatic element having a group velocity dispersion;
at least one dielectric mirror, having a negative group velocity dispersion (GVDη
) for reflection;
two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element; and
an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element, prismatic element and mirrors is arranged along the optical path, and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the combined value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element and the prismatic element, characterized in that the optical path of the resonator is below 120 cm, the focus length of each of the concave mirrors, which are arranged adjacent next to the laser-active element is below 3 cm, whereby a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is attainable and one of (i) said at least one dielectric mirror or (ii) the output coupler or (iii) a further mirror is tiltable at a tilt angle upon an axis wherein by adjusting the tilt angle in interplay with the spatial dispersion of the prismatic element, a wavelength is adjustable for which the resonator supports laser activity.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The invention relates to a passive mode locked femtosecond laser whose ring resonator comprises the elements: a) a laser-active element 1, b) at least a dielectric mirror 2 having a negative group velocity dispersion GVD such that for a continuous part of the optical spectrum amplifieable by the laser-active element the sum of the group velocity dispersion of the mirror 2 and the positive group velocity dispersion of the laser-active element 1 is negative, i.e.
c) two concave mirrors 21 and 22 which are spatial adjacent next to the laser-active element and which are orientated with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element 1 and d) an optical output coupler 3. The optical path length in the resonator is below 60 cm, advantageously below 30 cm, in particular below 15 cm, the focus length f21 and f22 of the concave mirrors 21 and 22 are below 3 cm, advantageously below 2 cm, in particular below or equal to 1,5 cm, such that a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is achievable.
Further the invention relates to a continuous tuneable high repetition rate femtosecond laser, the method of use thereof for high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses and a method for tuning thereof.
48 Citations
47 Claims
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1. Passive mode locked femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising:
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a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion;
a prismatic element having a group velocity dispersion;
at least one dielectric mirror, having a negative group velocity dispersion (GVDη
) for reflection;
two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element; and
an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element, prismatic element and mirrors is arranged along the optical path, and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the combined value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element and the prismatic element, characterized in that the optical path of the resonator is below 120 cm, the focus length of each of the concave mirrors, which are arranged adjacent next to the laser-active element is below 3 cm, whereby a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is attainable and one of (i) said at least one dielectric mirror or (ii) the output coupler or (iii) a further mirror is tiltable at a tilt angle upon an axis wherein by adjusting the tilt angle in interplay with the spatial dispersion of the prismatic element, a wavelength is adjustable for which the resonator supports laser activity. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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12. Passive mode locked femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising:
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a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion;
at least one dielectric mirror having a negative group velocity dispersion (GVDη
) for reflection;
two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element; and
an optical output coupler;
wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element and mirrors is arranged along the optical path, and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element, characterized in that the optical path of the resonator is below 60 cm, and the focus length of each of the concave mirrors which are arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element is below 3 cm, whereby a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is attainable. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16)
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34. A method for obtaining a generation of femtosecond pulses from and turning a passive mode locked femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion, a prismatic element having a group velocity dispersion, at least one dielectric mirror having a negative group velocity dispersion (GVDη
- ) for reflection, two concave mirror which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with respective concave surfaces towards the laser-active element, and an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element, prismatic element and mirrors is arranged along the optical path, and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the combined value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element and the prismatic element, characterized in that the optical path of the resonator is below 120 cm, the focus length of each of the concave mirrors, which are arranged adjacent next to the laser-active element is below 3 cm, where
in a first step a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is obtained and in a second step one of (i) said at least one dielectric mirror or (ii) the output coupler or (iii) a further mirror is tiltable at a tilt angle upon an axis wherein by adjusting the tilt angle in interplay with the spatial dispersion of the prismatic element, a wavelength is adjusted for which the resonator supports laser activity. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38)
- ) for reflection, two concave mirror which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with respective concave surfaces towards the laser-active element, and an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element, prismatic element and mirrors is arranged along the optical path, and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the combined value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element and the prismatic element, characterized in that the optical path of the resonator is below 120 cm, the focus length of each of the concave mirrors, which are arranged adjacent next to the laser-active element is below 3 cm, where
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39. A method for obtaining a generation of femtosecond pulses from a passive mode locked femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion, at least one dielectric mirror having a negative group velocity dispersion (GVDη
- ) for reflection, two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with respective concave surfaces towards the laser-active element and an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element and mirrors is arranged along the optical path, and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element, characterized in that the optical path of the resonator is below 60 cm, and the focus length of each of the concave mirrors which are arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element is below 3 cm, where
a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is attained. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42, 43)
- ) for reflection, two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with respective concave surfaces towards the laser-active element and an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element and mirrors is arranged along the optical path, and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element, characterized in that the optical path of the resonator is below 60 cm, and the focus length of each of the concave mirrors which are arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element is below 3 cm, where
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44. Passive mode coupled femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising:
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a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion;
two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element;
at least one dielectric mirror receiving a reflection from at least one of said concave mirror, having a negative group velocity dispersion for reflection and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element; and
an optical output coupler receiving a reflection from at least one of said at least one concave mirror and dielectric mirror, whereby a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is obtained.
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45. Passive mode coupled femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising:
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a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion, two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to tee laser-active element and are oriented with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element;
at least one dielectric mirror, having a negative group velocity dispersion for reflection and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element; and
an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element, mirrors and coupler is arranged along the optical path, and whereby a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is obtained.
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46. Passive mode coupled femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising:
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a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion;
a prismatic element having a group velocity dispersion, two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element;
at least one dielectric mirror, having a negative group velocity dispersion for reflection and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element; and
an optical output coupler, wherein the ring resonator has an optical path and each of said laser-active element, mirrors and coupler is arranged along the optical path, and whereby a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is obtained, and one of said at least one dielectric mirror, output coupler, or a further mirror is tiltable at a tilt angle upon an axis wherein by adjusting the tilt angle in interplay with the spatial dispersion of the prismatic element, a wavelength is adjusted for which the resonator supports laser activity.
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47. Passive mode coupled femtosecond laser having a ring resonator comprising:
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a laser-active element having a group velocity dispersion;
two concave mirrors which are spatially arranged immediately adjacent to the laser-active element and are oriented with their concave surfaces towards the laser-active element;
at least one dielectric moor receiving a reflection from at least one of said concave mirror, and a prismatic element receiving a reflection from the at least one dielectric mirror, wherein the at least one dielectric mirror has a negative group velocity dispersion for reflection and wherein for a contiguous part of the optical spectrum capable of being amplified by the laser-active element, the value of the negative group velocity dispersion associated with the at least one dielectric mirror is greater than the combined value of the positive group velocity dispersion associated with the laser active element and at least one prismatic element; and
an optical output coupler receiving a reflection from at least of one of said concave mirror and at least one dielectric mirror, whereby a high repetition generation of femtosecond pulses is obtained, and one of said at least one dielectric mirror, output coupler, or a further mirror is tiltable at a tilt angle upon an axis wherein by adjusting the tilt angle in interplay with the spatial dispersion of the prismatic element, a wavelength is adjusted for which the resonator supports laser activity.
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Specification