Communication system, a synchronization circuit, a method of communicating a data signal, and methods of synchronizing with a data signal

• US 6,618,829 B2
• Filed: 03/26/2001
• Issued: 09/09/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 02/28/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Round Rock Research LLC
• Original Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc.
• Inventors: Ovard, David K., Pax, George E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ton, David
• Application Number:
  US09/817,819
• Publication Number:
  US 20010018753A1
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• Field of Search: 360/51, 375/354, 375/368, 375/362, 375/1, 340/825.44, 340/572.1, 369/48, 714/731, 714/744, 714/798, 329/313
• US Class Current: 714/731
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/33 Synchronisation based on error coding or decoding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0334 Processing of samples having at least three levels, e.g. soft decisions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/046 using a dotting sequence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/10 Arrangements for initial synchronisation

Abstract

The present invention includes bit synchronizers and methods of synchronizing and calculating error. One method of synchronizing with a data signal in accordance with the present invention includes providing a data signal having a first portion and a second portion, generating a timing signal, first adjusting the timing signal during the first portion of the data signal, accumulating a history value during the first portion of the data signal, and second adjusting the timing signal during a second portion of the data signal using the history.

Claims

1. A communication system comprising:

a first communication device configured to output a data signal;

a second communication device configured to generate a timing signal to control sampling of the data signal, to receive the data signal and to accumulate a history comprising error information during a first portion of the data signal and to adjust a timing signal during a second portion of the data signal using the history comprising the error information to synchronize the timing signal with the data signal; and

wherein the second communication device is configured to detect the error information comprising misalignment of the data signal and the timing signal.

2. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the first communication device comprises an interrogator and the second communication device comprises a radio frequency identification device.

3. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are configured to communicate the data signal using radio frequency communications.

4. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the first communication device is configured to accumulate the history comprising the error information during a first portion of the data signal comprising a preamble.

5. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the second communication device is configured to accumulate the history comprising the error information responsive to phase changes within the data signal.

6. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the second communication device is configured to adjust the timing signal to provide sampling of the data signal at middle portions of respective bits within the data signal.

7. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the second communication device is configured to adjust the timing signal during absences of timing information within the second portion of the data signal using the history comprising the error information.

8. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are configured to communicate using a non-synchronized communications protocol.

9. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the timing signal comprises a bit clock signal having a frequency substantially equal to a bit rate of the data signal to control sampling of bits of the data signal.

10. A synchronization circuit comprising:

circuitry configured to receive the data signal within a radio frequency signal and to accumulate a history comprising error information during a first portion of a data signal and to adjust a timing signal during a second portion of the data signal using the history comprising the error information.

11. The circuit in accordance with claim 10 wherein the circuitry is configured to accumulate the history comprising the error information during a first portion of the data signal comprising a preamble.

12. The circuit in accordance with claim 10 wherein the circuitry is configured to accumulate the history comprising the error information responsive to phase changes within the data signal.

13. The circuit in accordance with claim 10 wherein the circuitry is configured to adjust the timing signal to provide sampling of the data signal at middle portions of respective bits within the data signal.

14. The circuit in accordance with claim 10 wherein the circuitry is configured to adjust the timing signal during absences of timing information within the second portion of the data signal using the history comprising the error information.

15. The circuit in accordance with claim 10 wherein the circuitry is configured to detect the error information comprising misalignment of the data signal and the timing signal.

16. The circuit in accordance with claim 10 wherein the timing signal comprises a bit clock signal having a frequency substantially equal to a bit rate of the data signal to control sampling of bits of the data signal.

17. A method of communicating a data signal comprising:

outputting a data signal using a first communication device;

receiving the data signal within a second communication device;

sampling the data signal within the second communication device using a timing signal;

accumulating a history comprising error information responsive to analysis of the timing signal and using the second communication device during a first portion of the data signal; and

adjusting the timing signal during a second portion of the data signal using the history comprising the error information.

18. The method in accordance with claim 17 wherein the communicating comprises communicating using the first communication device comprising an interrogator and the receiving comprises receiving the data signal within the second communication device comprising a radio frequency identification device.

19. The method in accordance with claim 17 wherein the outputting and the receiving comprise outputting and receiving using radio frequency communications.

20. The method in accordance with claim 17 wherein the accumulating comprises accumulating the history during the first portion of the data signal comprising a preamble.

21. The method in accordance with claim 17 further comprising detecting phase changes within the data signal and wherein the accumulating is responsive to the phase changes.

22. The method in accordance with claim 17 wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting to provide sampling of the data signal at middle portions of respective bits within the data signal.

23. The method in accordance with claim 17 further comprising detecting an absence of timing information with the data signal and wherein the adjusting is responsive to the detecting.

24. The method in accordance with claim 17 further comprising generating the error information comprising misalignment of the data signal and the timing signal.

25. The method in accordance with claim 17 wherein the sampling comprises sampling using the timing signal comprising a bit clock signal having a frequency substantially equal to a bit rate of the data signal to control sampling of bits of the data signal.

26. The method in accordance with claim 17 wherein the timing signal directly controls the timing of the sampling of the data signal.

27. A method of synchronizing with a data signal comprising:

accumulating a history comprising the error information during a first portion of the data signal;

adjusting a timing signal during a second portion of the data signal using the history comprising the error information and

wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting the timing signal comprising a bit clock signal having a frequency substantially equal to a bit rate of the data signal to control sampling of bits of the data signal.

28. The method in accordance with claim 27 wherein the accumulating and the adjusting comprise accumulating and adjusting using a radio frequency identification device.

29. The method in accordance with claim 27 further comprising receiving the data signal comprising a radio frequency signal.

30. The method in accordance with claim 27 wherein the accumulating comprises accumulating the history during the first portion of the data signal comprising a preamble.

31. The method in accordance with claim 27 further comprising detecting phase changes within the data signal and the accumulating is responsive to the detecting.

32. The method in accordance with claim 27 further comprising sampling the data signal and wherein the adjusting comprises adjusting to provide sampling of the data signal at middle portions of respective bits within the data signal.

33. The method in accordance with claim 27 further comprising detecting an absence of timing information with the data signal and wherein the adjusting is responsive to the detecting.

34. The method in accordance with claim 27 further comprising generating the error information comprising misalignment of the data signal and the timing signal.

35. The method in accordance with claim 27 further comprising sampling the data signal using the timing signal.

36. A method of synchronizing with a data signal comprising:

receiving a data signal;

sampling the data signal using a timing signal;

extracting timing information from the data signal;

first adjusting the timing signal responsive to the extracting;

second adjusting the timing signal during an absence of timing information within the data signal;

determining error information comprising misalignment of the timing signal and the data signal responsive to the extracting; and

generating a history comprising the error information responsive to the determining, and wherein the second adjusting comprises adjusting using the history.

37. The method in accordance with claim 36 further comprising determining error information comprising misalignment of the timing signal and the data signal responsive to the extracting, and wherein the first adjusting is responsive to the detecting.

38. The method in accordance with claim 36 wherein the sampling comprises sampling using the timing signal comprising a bit clock signal having a frequency substantially equal to a bit rate of the data signal to control sampling of bits of the data signal.