Battery capacity measuring and remaining capacity calculating system

• US 6,621,250 B1
• Filed: 03/06/2002
• Issued: 09/16/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nippon Soken, Inc., Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Ito, Shinichi, Kawai, Toshiyuki, Ohkubo, Naohiko, Kikuchi, Katsuhide, Kikuchi, Tetsuro, Kishida, Shinji
• Primary Examiner(s): TOATLEY, GREGORY J
• Application Number:
  US10/070,375
• Time in Patent Office: 559 Days
• Field of Search: 320/132, 320/136, 320/134, 320/149, 324/426
• US Class Current: 320/136
• CPC Class Codes: F02N 11/0825 related to prevention of engine restart failure, e.g. disabling automatic stop at low battery state
• CPC Class Codes: F02N 2200/062 Battery current
• CPC Class Codes: F02N 2200/063 Battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/006 on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks testing of ignition installations peculiar to internal combustion engines F02P17/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3828 using current integration
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3832 without measurement of battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 35/005 Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references G01R33/0035, G01R35/002 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0049 Detection of fully charged condition
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/005 Detection of state of health [SOH]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00714 in response to battery charging or discharging current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/14 for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A battery capacity measuring device in accordance with the present invention has a fully-charged state detector (80e), a detected current integrator (80a), a divider (80b), and a corrector (80c) incorporated in a microcomputer (80). The fully-charged state detector detects that a battery is fully charged. The detected current integrator integrates current values that are detected by a current sensor during a period from the instant the battery is fully charged to the instant it is fully charged next. The divider divides the integrated value of detected current values by the length of the period. The corrector corrects a detected current using the quotient provided by the divider as an offset. Furthermore, a remaining battery capacity calculating system comprises a voltage detecting unit (50), a current detecting unit (40), an index calculating unit, a control unit, and a calculating unit. The voltage detecting unit detects the voltage at the terminals of a battery. The current detecting unit detects a current flowing through the battery. The index calculating unit calculates the index of polarization in the battery according to the detected current. The control unit controls the output voltage of an alternator so that the index of polarization will remain within a predetermined range which permits limitation of the effect of polarization on the charged state of the battery. When the index of polarization remains within the predetermined range, the calculating unit calculates the remaining capacity of the battery according to the terminal voltage of the battery, that is, the open-circuit voltage of the battery.

Claims

1. A battery capacity measuring device, attached to a battery rechargeable by a generator, for measuring the present capacity of a battery according to an integrated value of charging/discharge current values of the battery detected by a current sensor, said battery capacity measuring device comprising:

a fully-charged state judging means for detecting that a battery is fully charged;

a detected current integrating means for integrating current values that are detected by said current sensor during a period from the instant the battery is fully charged to the instant it is fully charged later;

a dividing means for dividing the integrated value of detected current values calculated by said detected current integrating means by the length of the period; and

a correcting means for correcting a detected current using the quotient provided by said dividing means as an offset.

2. A battery capacity measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a fully charging means that, when a predetermined time has elapsed since the instant the battery is fully charged previously, controls said generator so as to fully charge the battery.

3. A remaining capacity calculating system for vehicle batteries, comprising:

a voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage at the terminals of a battery that is mounted in a vehicle having an electrical rotating machine connected to an engine and that is charged by the electrical rotating machine;

a current detecting means for detecting a current that flows through the battery;

an index calculating means for calculating an index of polarization in the battery according to the detected current;

a control means for controlling the electrical rotating machine so that the index of polarization will remain within a predetermined range which permits limitation of the effect of polarization on the charged state of the battery; and

a calculating means for when the index of polarization remains within the predetermined range, calculating the remaining capacity of the battery according to the detected terminal voltage of the open-circuit voltage of the battery.

4. An automatic engine stopping/starting system for vehicles comprising the remaining capacity calculating system for vehicle batteries set forth in claim 3, and an inhibiting means (230) for, when the remaining capacity of the battery falls below a permissible value, inhibiting automatic stopping of an engine.

5. An electrical rotating machine control system for vehicles comprising the remaining capacity calculating system for vehicle batteries set forth in claim 3, and a control means for, when the remaining capacity is equal to or larger than a permissible value, controlling a motor-generator, which serves as the electrical rotating machine, so that the motor-generator will assist the engine.

6. An electrical rotating machine control system for vehicles comprising:

a voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage at the terminals of a battery that is mounted in a vehicle having an electrical rotating machine connected to an engine and that is charged by the electrical rotating machine;

a current detecting means for detecting a current that flows through the battery;

an index calculating means for calculating an index of polarization in the battery according to the detected current; and

a control means for controlling the electrical rotating machine so that the index of polarization will remain within a predetermined range which permits limitation of the effect of polarization on the charged state of the battery.

7. A fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries, comprising:

a voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage at the terminals of a battery that is mounted in a vehicle having an alternator and a regulator for regulating the output voltage of said alternator, and that is charged with the output voltage of said alternator regulated by said regulator;

a current detecting means for detecting a current that flows through the battery;

a fully-charged state judging means for, when the detected terminal voltage of the battery and the detected current belong to a predetermined fully-charged state judgment range, judging that the battery is fully charged;

and an index calculating means for calculating an index of polarization in the battery according to the detected current, wherein said fully-charged state judging means judges whether the battery is fully charged by checking if the index of polarization falls within a predetermined range of index values.

8. A fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined fully-charged state judgment range is a range specified with voltage values that are higher than the rated voltage for the battery with the battery charged 90% or more, and with current values assumed by a zero current flowing through the battery or a discharge current of the battery.

9. A fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries according to claim 8, wherein the predetermined range of index values is a range of index values permitting negligence of a change in the concentration of electrolytic solution in the battery.

12. A fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries according to claim 7, further comprising a regulator control means for controlling said regulator so that an adjusting voltage to be produced by said regulator will be set to a predetermined voltage value higher than a normal voltage value repeatedly at regular intervals, wherein:

said fully-charged state judging means makes a judgment when the adjusting voltage to be produced by said regulator assumes the predetermined voltage value.

13. A remaining capacity calculating system for vehicle batteries comprising the fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries set forth in claim 7, and a remaining capacity calculating means for, when a fully-charged state judging means included in said fully-charged state judging system judges that the battery is fully charged, calculating the remaining capacity of the battery.

14. A remaining capacity calculating system for vehicle batteries having the fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries set forth in claim 8, said remaining capacity calculating system for vehicle batteries comprising:

an index judging means for after a fully-charged state judging means included in said fully-charged state judging system judges that the battery is fully charged, judging whether the index of polarization falls within a range of values permitting stabilization of the open-circuit voltage of the battery;

a learning means for when said index judging means judges that the index of polarization falls within the range of values permitting stabilization of the open-circuit voltage of the battery, learning the relationship between the remaining capacity and open-circuit voltage established based on the degree of deterioration of the battery; and

a remaining capacity calculating means for calculating the remaining capacity of the battery by referencing the result of learning, which is provided by said learning means, according to the open-circuit voltage of the battery.

15. A remaining capacity calculating system for vehicle batteries according to claim 14, wherein after it is judged that the battery is fully charged, said learning means performs the learning according to an amount of discharge energy of the battery by referencing the relationship between the remaining capacity and open-circuit voltage established in the initial stage of the battery until said index judging means judges that the index of polarization falls within the range of values permitting stabilization of the open-circuit voltage of the battery after it is judged that the battery is fully charged.

10. A fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries, comprising:

a voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage at the terminals of the battery that is mounted in a vehicle having an alternator and a regulator for regulating the output voltage of said alternator, and that is charged with the output voltage of said alternator regulated by said regulator;

a current detecting means for detecting a current that flows through the battery;

an index calculating means for calculating an index of polarization from the electrolytic solution in the battery according to the detected current; and

a fully-charged state judging means for, when the detected terminal voltage of the battery belongs to a predetermined fully-charged state judgment range and the index of polarization belongs to a predetermined range of index values, judging that the battery is fully charged.

11. A fully-charged state judging system for vehicle batteries according to claim 10, wherein:

the predetermined fully charged-state judgment range is a range specified with voltage values that are higher than the rated voltage for the battery with the battery charged 90% or more; and

the predetermined range of index values is a range of index values permitting negligence of a change in the concentration of electrolytic solution in the battery.