Non-invasive ocular dynamic monitoring assessment method and associated apparatus

• US 6,626,537 B1
• Filed: 05/18/2001
• Issued: 09/30/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: West Virginia University
• Original Assignee: West Virginia University
• Inventors: Smith, James, Odom, James, Craven, Robert, El-Sherbeeny, Ahmed
• Primary Examiner(s): Lateef, Marvin M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sanders, John R.
• Application Number:
  US09/860,241
• Time in Patent Office: 865 Days
• Field of Search: 351/200, 351/205, 351/206, 351/209, 351/210, 351/213, 351/221, 351/246, 600/407, 600/318, 600/319, 600/320, 600/321, 600/558, 180/272, 340/500, 340/576
• US Class Current: 351/205
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0083 provided with means for patient positioning
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1241 specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/145 by video means

Abstract

A method of monitoring a subject for medical conditions includes causing light to impinge on at least one eye of the subject, directing reflected light from such light beam to photosensors, converting the received reflected light to corresponding electrical signals which are delivered to a processor. Processing the signals by effecting a comparison between stored information regarding the medical condition and the data provided by the monitoring to determine if an undesired medical condition exists and, if so, communicating such result. The cycle is repeated at predetermined intervals which may be short or prolonged. The method may be employed for a wide variety of medical conditions and preferably is employed with frequent cyclic monitoring for conditions such as miosis, carbon monoxide poisoning, and blood flow related conditions. A related apparatus is provided.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

impinging light on a subject'"'"'s eye,

directing reflected light from said impinging light to a photosensor,

converting said reflected light into corresponding electrical signals by photo sensors,

delivering said electrical signals to a processor which contains stored information regarding desired parameters for the medical condition,

effecting a comparison between the photosensor delivered electrical signals and the stored information to determine if an undesirable medical condition exists,

if such undesirable medical condition exists communicating such event,

performing said monitoring method without employing external stimuli to alter the position of said eye, and

mounting apparatus for performing said method in head mounted apparel.

2. The method of claim 1 including cyclically repeating said method.

3. The method of claim 2 including

repeating said method after a prolonged interval.

4. The method of claim 2 including

employing said monitoring in blood flow monitoring.

5. The method of claim 2 including

employing optics to direct said impinging light to said eye and employing optics to direct said reflected light to said photosensors.

6. The method of claim 5 including

filtering the reflected light emerging from said optics prior to introducing said filtered reflected light to said photosensors.

7. The method of claim 1 including

repeating said method at short intervals.

8. The method of claim 7 including

repeating said method on said subject about every {fraction (1/60)} to 30 seconds.

9. The method of claim 8 including

employing said method in miosis monitoring.

10. The method of claim 9 including

effecting said communication of the presence of an undesired medical condition when the pupil opening is less than a predetermined desired amount, and in such case, issuing an alarm.

11. The method of claim 9 including as part of said method monitoring pupil size.

12. The method of claim 7 including

employing said method in carbon monoxide monitoring.

13. The method of claim 12 including

issuing an alarm when said method determines that an undesired medical condition exists through a predetermined amount of carbon monoxide being present in the subject.

14. A method of monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

impinging light on a subject'"'"'s eye,

directing reflected light from said impinging light to a photosensor,

converting said reflected light into corresponding electrical signals by photosensors,

delivering said electrical signals to a processor which contains stored information regarding desired parameters for the medical condition,

effecting a comparison between the photosensor delivered electrical signals and the stored information to determine if an undesirable medical condition exists,

if such undesirable medical condition exists communicating such event,

performing said monitoring method without employing external stimuli to alter the position of said eye,

repeating said method at short intervals on said subject about every {fraction (1/60)} to 30 seconds,

employing said method in miosis monitoring,

effecting said communication of the presence of an undesired medical condition when the pupil opening is less than a predetermined desired amount, and in such case, issuing an alarm, and

mounting apparatus for performing said method in head mounted apparel.

15. A method of monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

impinging light on a subject'"'"'s eye,

directing reflected light from said impinging light to a photosensor,

converting said reflected light into corresponding electrical signals by photosensors,

delivering said electrical signals to a processor which contains stored information regarding desired parameters for the medical condition,

effecting a comparison between the photosensor delivered electrical signals and the stored information to determine if an undesirable medical condition exists,

if such undesirable medical condition exists communicating such event,

performing said monitoring method without employing external stimuli to alter the position of said eye,

repeating said method at short intervals,

employing said method in carbon monoxide monitoring, and

mounting apparatus for performing said method in head mounted apparel.

16. A method of monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

impinging light on a subject'"'"'s eye,

directing reflected light from said impinging light to a photosensor,

converting said reflected light into corresponding electrical signals by photosensors,

delivering said electrical signals to a processor which contains stored information regarding desired parameters for the medical condition,

effecting a comparison between the photosensor delivered electrical signals and the stored information to determine if an undesirable medical condition exists,

if such undesirable medical condition exists communicating such event,

performing said monitoring method without employing external stimuli to alter the position of said eye,

cyclically repeating said method,

employing said monitoring in blood flow monitoring, and

mounting apparatus for performing said method in head mounted apparel.

17. Apparatus for monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

a light source for directing light onto at least one eye of said subject without stimulating eye movement,

photosensors for receiving reflected light from said eye and converting said light into corresponding electrical signals,

a processor for receiving said electrical signals,

said processor having stored information regarding desired parameters of said medical condition, and

said processor having the capability of effecting a comparison of information obtained from said electrical signals with said stored information and emitting the result of said comparison,

wherein said apparatus is mounted at least in part in head mounted apparel.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 including

said processor having controls for cyclically repeating said monitoring at predetermined intervals.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 including

said processor being structured to repeat said monitoring at short intervals.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 including

said processor being structured to repeat said monitoring about every {fraction (1/60)} to 30 seconds.

21. The apparatus of claim 18 including

said processor having the capability of repeating said monitoring at prolonged intervals.

22. The apparatus of claim 17 including

said apparatus being employable in miosis monitoring.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 including

said processor having the capability of effecting said emitting the result of said comparison to communicate the presence of an undesired medical condition when the pupil opening is less than a predetermined desired amount, and in such case, issuing an alarm.

24. The apparatus of claim 17 including

said apparatus being employable in carbon monoxide monitoring.

25. The apparatus of claim 24 including

an alarm being activatable when an undesired medical condition exists through a predetermined amount of carbon monoxide being present in the subject.

26. The apparatus of claim 17 including

said apparatus being employable in blood flow monitoring.

27. The apparatus of claim 17 including

first optics for directing said light onto said at least one eye and second optics for directing said reflected light to said photosensors.

28. The apparatus of claim 27 including

a light filter for filtering the reflected light emerging from said second optics prior to introducing said reflected light to said photosensors.

29. Apparatus for monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

a light source for directing light onto at least one eye of said subject without stimulating eye movement,

photosensors for receiving reflected light from said eye and converting said light into corresponding electrical signals,

a processor for receiving said electrical signals,

said processor having stored information regarding desired parameters of said medical condition,

said processor having the capability of effecting a comparison of information obtained from said electrical signals with said stored information and emitting the result of said comparison,

said apparatus being employable in miosis monitoring,

said processor having the capability of effecting said emitting the result of said comparison to communicate the presence of an undesired medical condition when the pupil opening is less than a predetermined desired amount, and in such case, issuing an alarm, and

mounting said apparatus in head mounted apparel.

30. Apparatus for monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

a light source for directing light onto at least one eye of said subject without stimulating eye movement,

photosensors for receiving reflected light from said eye and converting said light into corresponding electrical signals,

a processor for receiving said electrical signals,

said processor having stored information regarding desired parameters of said medical condition,

said processor having the capability of effecting a comparison of information obtained from said electrical signals with said stored information and emitting the result of said comparison,

said apparatus being employable in carbon monoxide monitoring,

an alarm being activatable when an undesired medical condition exists through a predetermined amount of carbon monoxide being present in the subject, and

said apparatus being mounted at least in part in head mounted apparel.

31. Apparatus for monitoring a medical condition in a subject comprising

a light source for directing light onto at least one eye of said subject without stimulating eye movement,

photosensors for receiving reflected light from said eye and converting said light into corresponding electrical signals,

a processor for receiving said electrical signals,

said processor having stored information regarding desired parameters of said medical condition,

said processor having the capability of effecting a comparison of information obtained from said electrical signals with said stored information and emitting the result of said comparison,

said apparatus being employable in blood flow monitoring, and

said apparatus being mounted at least in part in head mounted apparel.