Method of fabricating a piezoelectric composite apparatus

• US 6,629,341 B2
• Filed: 10/29/1999
• Issued: 10/07/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration
• Inventors: Bryant, Robert G., High, James W., Mirick, Paul H., Wilkie, W. Keats, Little, Bruce D., Fox, Robert L., Hellbaum, Richard F., Jalink, Antony Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tugbang, A. Dexter
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kim, Paul D.
• Application Number:
  US09/430,677
• Publication Number:
  US 20030056351A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,439 Days
• Field of Search: 29/253.5, 295/94, 295/95, 296/091, 298/32, 298/37, 298/40, 310/357, 310/358, 310/327, 310/328, 310/333, 310/366, 310/367, 310/334, 310/336, 156/222, 156/299, 156/300, 156/301, 427/96, 427/100
• US Class Current: 29/25.35
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 17/005 using a piezoelectric polymer
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/06 Forming electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/092 Forming composite materials
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/1061 based on piezoelectric or electrostrictive fibres
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/206 using only longitudinal or thickness displacement, e.g. d33 or d31 type devices
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/208 using shear or torsion displacement, e.g. d15 type devices
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/87 Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1044 of parallel stacked sheets only
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1092 All laminae planar and face to face
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1093 with covering of discrete laminae with additional lamina
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1095 Opposed laminae are running length webs
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/42 Piezoelectric device making
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/435 Solid dielectric type
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49005 Acoustic transducer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49007 Indicating transducer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4908 Acoustic transducer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49083 Heater type
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49126 Assembling bases
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49128 Assembling formed circuit to base

Abstract

A method for fabricating a piezoelectric macro-fiber composite actuator comprises providing a piezoelectric material that has two sides and attaching one side upon an adhesive backing sheet. The method further comprises slicing the piezoelectric material to provide a plurality of piezoelectric fibers in juxtaposition. A conductive film is then adhesively bonded to the other side of the piezoelectric material, and the adhesive backing sheet is removed. The conductive film has first and second conductive patterns formed thereon which are electrically isolated from one another and in electrical contact with the piezoelectric material. The first and second conductive patterns of the conductive film each have a plurality of electrodes to form a pattern of interdigitated electrodes. A second film is then bonded to the other side of the piezoelectric material. The second film may have a pair of conductive patterns similar to the conductive patterns of the first film.

Claims

1. A method of fabricating a piezoelectric composite apparatus, comprising the steps of:

providing a structure comprising a monolithic piezoelectric material having a first side and a second side;

providing a backing sheet having an adhesive side;

positioning the structure on the backing sheet such tat the first side of the structure is attached to the adhesive side of the backing sheet;

slicing through the structure positioned on the backing sheet to provide a plurality of piezoelectric fibers in juxtaposition, the plurality of piezoelectric fibers having first and second sides that correspond, respectively, to the first and second sides of the structure;

providing a first film having a first conductive pattern and a second conductive pattern formed thereon, the first conductive pattern being electrically isolated from the second conductive pattern, the first and second conductive patterns each having a plurality of electrodes that cooperate to form a pattern of interdigitated electrodes;

providing a second film;

bonding the second film to the second side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers;

removing the backing sheet from the first side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers; and

bonding the first film to the first side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers such that the conductive patterns of the first film electrically contact the plurality of piezoelectric fibers.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the monolithic piezoelectric material comprises a wafer of piezoelectric material.

3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the backing sheet is fabricated from a polymer.

4. The method according to claim 1 wherein each fiber has a substantially rectangular cross-section.

5. The method according to claim 1 wherein each pair of adjacent fibers are separated by a channel.

6. The method according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the conductive patterns is made of copper.

7. The method according to claim 1 wherein the second film has a first conductive pattern and a second conductive pattern, the first conductive pattern of the second film being electrically isolated from the second conductive pattern of the second film, the first and second conductive patterns of the second film each having a plurality of electrodes that cooperate to form a pattern of interdigitated electrodes, and the step of bonding the first film further comprises the step of positioning the first film so that the conductive patterns of the first film are substantially aligned with the conductive patterns of the second film.

8. The method according to claim 7 further comprising attaching electrically conductive extensions to the first and second conductive patterns of the first film and attaching electrically conductive extensions to the first and second conductive patterns of the second film.

9. The method according to claim 7 wherein the first film and the second film each have a longitudinally extending axis and the step of slicing produces a plurality of piezoelectric fibers that extend in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the first and second films.

10. The method according to claim 9 wherein each interdigitated electrode of the first and second conductive patterns extends in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinally axes of the first and second films and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric fibers.

11. The method according to claim 1 wherein the step of slicing provides channels intermediate each pair of adjacent piezoelectric fibers, and the step of bonding the second film further comprises applying an epoxy to the plurality of piezoelectric fibers to fill in the channels and eliminate air pockets.

12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the second film has a first side and a second side, and the step of bonding the second film comprises:

applying an adhesive layer to the first side of the second film;

placing the first side of the second film on the second side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers; and

curing the adhesive layer.

13. The method according to claim 12 wherein the first film has a first side and a second side, and the step of bonding the first film comprises:

applying a second adhesive layer to the first side of the first film;

placing the first side of the first film on the first side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers; and

curing the second adhesive layer.

14. The method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of:

attaching electrically conductive extensions to the first and second conductive patterns.

15. A method of fabricating a piezoelectric composite apparatus, comprising the steps of:

providing a structure comprising a monolithic piezoelectric material having a first side and a second side;

providing a backing sheet having an adhesive side;

positioning the structure on the backing sheet such that the first side of the structure is attached to the adhesive side of the backing sheet;

cutting through the structure positioned on the backing sheet to provide a plurality of piezoelectric fibers in juxtaposition, the plurality of piezoelectric fibers having first and second sides that correspond, respectively, to the first and second sides of the structure;

providing a first film having a first conductive pattern and a second conductive pattern formed thereon, the first conductive pattern being electrically isolated from the second conductive pattern, the first and second conductive patterns each having a plurality of electrodes that cooperate to form a pattern of interdigitated electrodes;

providing a second film;

bonding the second film to the second side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers;

peeling the backing sheet away from the first side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers; and

bonding the first film to the first side of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers such that the conductive patterns of the first film electrically contact the plurality of piezoelectric fibers.