Temperature-based cooling device controller apparatus and method

• US 6,630,754 B1
• Filed: 11/07/2000
• Issued: 10/07/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 09/21/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Pippin, Jack D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Toatley, Jr., Gregory J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): RIOS CUEVAS, ROBERTO JOSE
• Application Number:
  US09/707,860
• Time in Patent Office: 1,064 Days
• Field of Search: 307/117, 364/488, 364/489, 327/512, 374/173, 374/101
• US Class Current: 307/117
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 23/19 characterised by the use of electric means G05D23/1393 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 3/265 using bipolar transistors only
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 3/267 using both bipolar and field-effect technology
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/206 comprising thermal management
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/324 by lowering clock frequency
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3024 where the computing system component is a central processing unit [CPU]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3058 Monitoring arrangements for monitoring environmental properties or parameters of the computing system or of the computing system component, e.g. monitoring of power, currents, temperature, humidity, position, vibrations thermal management in cooling arrangements of a computing system G06F1/206
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3093 Configuration details thereof, e.g. installation, enabling, spatial arrangement of the probes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

A temperature-based cooling device controller includes a register to store a threshold temperature value, a thermal sensor, and cooling activation logic to activate an active cooling device in response to an interrupt signal. The thermal sensor includes a current source, a voltage reference coupled to the current source to provide a bandgap reference voltage, wherein the bandgap reference voltage is substantially constant over a range of temperatures, programmable circuitry providing an output voltage that varies with the integrated circuit temperature and in accordance with the register value, and a comparator, wherein the comparator generates an interrupt signal if a difference between the output voltage and the bandgap reference voltage indicates that the threshold temperature has been exceeded.

Claims

1. An integrated circuit comprising:

a register to store a threshold temperature value;

a thermal sensor comprising;

a current source;

a voltage reference coupled to the current source to provide a bandgap reference voltage, wherein the bandgap reference voltage is substantially constant over a range of temperatures;

programmable circuitry providing an output voltage that varies with the integrated circuit temperature and in accordance with the register value; and

a comparator, wherein the comparator generates an interrupt signal if a difference between the output voltage and the bandgap reference voltage indicates that the threshold temperature has been exceeded; and

cooling activation logic to activate an active cooling device in response to the interrupt signal.

2. The integrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising:

threshold adjustment logic to increase the threshold temperature value to a new threshold temperature value in response to the interrupt signal.

3. The integrated circuit of claim 2 wherein the threshold adjustment logic is further to increase the new threshold temperature in response to the thermal sensor indicating that the new threshold temperature has been exceeded.

4. The integrated circuit of claim 3 wherein the threshold adjustment logic is further to lower the new threshold temperature to detect decreases in temperature.

5. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein the cooling system logic is to activate the active cooling device after a predetermined duration.

6. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein the cooling system logic is to deactivate the active cooling device in response to the thermal sensor indicating that the sensed temperature is less than the threshold temperature.

7. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein the thermal sensor comprises a plurality of thermal sensors placed across the integrated circuit and an averaging mechanism to calculate an average temperature from the plurality of thermal sensors.

8. The integrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising an interrupt handler to display information regarding the sensed temperature to a user of the integrated circuit.

9. The integrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising interrupt logic to generate a first interrupt if the calculated average temperature exceeds a first threshold and a second interrupt if the calculated average temperature exceeds a second threshold.

10. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein the cooling system logic executes instructions to activate the active cooling device of the integrated circuit in response to the thermal sensor.

11. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein the cooling system logic executes instructions to provide closed loop control of the integrated circuit active cooling device, thereby automatically reducing the temperature when overheating occurs.

12. The integrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising interrupt logic to activate an active cooling device in response to the thermal sensor.

13. A method comprising:

storing a threshold temperature value in a register;

sensing the temperature of an integrated circuit;

providing an output voltage that varies with the measured integrated circuit temperature and in accordance with the stored register value;

measuring a bandgap reference voltage using a current source, the bandgap reference voltage being substantially constant over a range of temperatures;

comparing the output voltage to the bandgap reference voltage to generate a first interrupt signal if a difference between the output voltage and the bandgap reference voltage indicates that the threshold temperature has been exceeded; and

activating an active cooling device for the integrated circuit in response to the sensed temperature exceeding the threshold temperature value.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

increasing the threshold temperature value to a new threshold temperature value in response to the sensed temperature exceeding the threshold temperature value.

15. The method of claim 14 further comprising increasing the new threshold temperature in response to the sensed temperature exceeding the threshold temperature value.

16. The method of claim 13 further comprising lowering the new threshold temperature to detect decreases in temperature.

17. The method of claim 13 further comprising activating the active cooling device after a predetermined duration.

18. The method of claim 13 further comprising deactivating the active cooling device in response to the sensed temperature being less than the threshold temperature.

19. The method of claim 13 further comprising displaying information regarding the sensed temperature to a user of the integrated circuit.

20. The method of claim 13 further comprising executing instructions to activate the active cooling device of the integrated circuit in response to the sensed temperature.

21. The method of claim 13 further comprising executing instructions to provide closed loop control of the active cooling device, thereby automatically reducing the temperature when overheating occurs.

22. A computer system comprising:

an active cooling device;

a microprocessor comprising;

a register storing a register value corresponding to a threshold temperature; and

a programmable thermal sensor comprising;

a current source;

a voltage reference coupled to the current source to provide a bandgap reference voltage, the bandgap reference voltage being substantially constant over a range of temperatures;

programmable circuitry providing an output voltage that varies with the microprocessor temperature and in accordance with the register value; and

a comparator, wherein the comparator generates a first interrupt signal to activate a cooling device if a difference between the output voltage and the bandgap reference voltage indicates that the threshold temperature has been exceeded.

23. The computer system of claim 22 wherein the active cooling device comprises a fan.

24. The computer system of claim 22 further comprising clock circuitry for providing a clock signal for the microprocessor, wherein a frequency of the clock signal is reduced in response to the first interrupt signal.

25. The computer system of claim 24 wherein the clock circuitry further comprises:

a first clock;

a frequency divider coupled to the first clock to provide the clock signal, the frequency divider reducing a frequency of the clock signal in response to the interrupt signal; and

a second clock circuit coupled to provide the clock signal to the microprocessor.

26. The computer system of claim 25 wherein the clock circuitry further comprises a phase locked loop.

27. The computer system of claim 22 wherein the programmable circuitry further comprises:

a transistor coupled to the current source to provide the output voltage, a gain ratio of the output voltage to a junction voltage of the transistor controlled by a transistor bias, wherein the junction voltage varies in accordance with a junction temperature of the transistor, the junction temperature corresponding to the microprocessor temperature;

a bias circuit providing the transistor bias to control the gain ratio, wherein the output voltage varies with the microprocessor temperature in accordance with the register value.

28. The computer system of claim 27 wherein the bias circuit further comprises binary weighted resistors.

29. The computer system of claim 25 wherein the microprocessor further comprises:

a processor unit coupled to the second clock circuit, wherein the processor unit executes instructions to vary the activation of the active cooling device in response to the first interrupt signal.

30. The computer system of claim 22 wherein the microprocessor programs the register with another value corresponding to another threshold temperature in response to the first interrupt signal.

31. The computer system of claim 22 wherein the processor executes instructions to provide closed loop control of the active cooling device, thereby automatically reducing the temperature when overheating occurs.

32. A method of controlling a temperature of a microprocessor, comprising the steps of:

generating a temperature signal within the microprocessor corresponding to the temperature of the microprocessor by sensing the microprocessor temperature and providing an output voltage that varies with the sensed temperature and in accordance with a programmable value set in a register;

generating a first threshold temperature level using a bandgap reference voltage that is substantially constant over a range of temperatures;

comparing the temperature signal with the first threshold temperature level within the microprocessor;

generating an interrupt signal if the temperature signal indicates that the first threshold temperature level has been exceeded; and

activating an active cooling device to decrease the microprocessor temperature in response to the interrupt signal.

33. The method of claim 32 wherein the active cooling device is a fan.

34. The method of claim 32 further comprising the steps of:

comparing the temperature signal with a second threshold temperature level, wherein the second threshold temperature level represents a fail-safe temperature;

halting the microprocessor, if the temperature signal indicates that the second threshold temperature level has been exceeded.

35. The method of claim 32 further comprising providing closed loop control of the active cooling device, thereby automatically reducing the temperature when overheating occurs.

36. The method of claim 32 further comprising programming the microprocessor with a second threshold temperature in response to the interrupt signal.