WDM optical network with passive pass-through at each node

• US 6,631,018 B1
• Filed: 08/27/1997
• Issued: 10/07/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 08/27/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Ciena Corporation
• Original Assignee: Nortel Networks Limited (Nortel Networks Corporation)
• Inventors: Milton, David, Liu, Kexing, Valis, Tomas, Pigeon, Michel, Totti, Gino
• Primary Examiner(s): NEGASH, KINFE MICHAEL
• Application Number:
  US08/917,784
• Time in Patent Office: 2,232 Days
• Field of Search: 359/119, 359/124, 359/125, 359/128, 359/127, 359/130, 370/452
• US Class Current: 398/59
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0206 Express channels arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0209 Multi-stage arrangements, e.g. by cascading multiplexers or demultiplexers
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0212 using optical switches or wavelength selective switches [WSS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0213 Groups of channels or wave bands arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0226 Fixed carrier allocation, e.g. according to service
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0227 Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0241 Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0246 using one wavelength per ONU
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/025 using one wavelength per ONU, e.g. for transmissions from-ONU-to-OLT or from-ONU-to-ONU
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/028 WDM bus architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0282 WDM tree architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0283 WDM ring architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0284 WDM mesh architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0289 Optical multiplex section protection
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0291 Shared protection at the optical multiplex section (1:1, n:m)
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0298 with sub-carrier multiplexing [SCM]
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0062 Network aspects

Abstract

A communications network has a plurality of nodes interconnected by an optical transmission medium. The transmission medium is capable of a carrying a plurality of wavelengths organized into bands. A filter at each node for drops a band associated therewith and passively forwards other bands through the transmission medium. A device is provided at each node for adding a band to the transmission medium. Communication can be established directly between a pair of nodes in the network sharing a common band without the active intervention of any intervening node. This allows the network to be protocol independent. Also, the low losses incurred by the passive filters permit relatively long path lengths without optical amplification.

Claims

1. A communications network employing wavelength division multiplexing comprising:

a plurality of nodes;

an optical transmission medium interconnecting said nodes, said transmission medium being capable of carrying a plurality of optical signals at distinct wavelengths organized into bands; and

an interface at each node for dropping a band associated therewith, adding a band carrying traffic for another node, and passively forwarding other bands;

wherein said interface includes a filter that passively reflects bands other than band(s) to be dropped at the node,

whereby communication can be established directly between a pair of nodes in said network sharing a common band without the active intervention of any intervening node.

2. A communications network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said filter is an interference filter.

3. A communications network as claimed in claim 2, wherein said interference filter further acts as a multiplexer multiplexing said band to be added with bands that are passively passed through said interface unit.

4. A communications network as claimed in claim 1, wherein the passband of each band is approximately 6.4 nm.

5. A communications network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said nodes are physically arranged in a ring.

6. A communications network as claimed in claim 5, wherein said ring is a bi-directional ring.

7. A communications network as claimed in claim 6, wherein said nodes are connected in a hub arrangement by said bands of wavelengths.

8. A communications network as claimed in claim 6, wherein said nodes are connected in a mesh pattern by said bands of wavelengths.

9. A communications network as claimed in claim 6, wherein said bi-directional ring is based on a single strand optical fibre.

10. A communications network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said nodes are physically arranged in an open-loop or a point-to-point manner.

11. A communications network as claimed in claim 10, wherein said network is bi-directional.

12. A communications network employing wavelength division multiplexing comprising:

a plurality of nodes;

an optical transmission medium interconnecting said nodes, said transmission medium being capable of carrying a plurality of optical signals at distinct wavelengths organized into bands; and

an interface at each node for dropping a band associated therewith, adding a band carrying traffic for another node, and passively forwarding other bands;

wherein said interface includes a filter that passively reflects bands other than the band(s) to be dropped at the node, and wherein each node further comprises a fine filter acting as a demultiplexer for subdividing wavelengths within a band dropped by said filter,

whereby communication can be established directly between a pair of nodes in said network sharing a common band without the active intervention of any intervening node.

13. A communications network as claimed in claim 12, wherein said interface comprises photodetectors associated with said respective subdivided wavelengths for producing electrical signals.

14. A communications network as claimed in claim 13, wherein said interface further comprises lasers for generating wavelengths in said band to be added, said lasers being directed into a multiplexer for combining individual wavelengths into a band.

15. A communications network employing wavelength division multiplexing comprising:

a plurality of nodes;

an optical transmission medium interconnecting said nodes, said transmission medium being capable of carrying a plurality of optical signals at distinct wavelengths organized into bands; and

an interface at each node for dropping a band associated therewith, adding a band carrying traffic for another node, and passively forwarding other bands;

wherein said interface includes a filter that passively reflects bands other than the band(s) to be dropped at the node, and wherein at least some of the nodes further comprise a cross-connect switch for selectively connecting desired wavelengths with a payload signal,

whereby communication can be established directly between a pair of nodes in said network sharing a common band without the active intervention of any intervening node.

16. A communications network as claimed in claim 15, wherein said cross-connect switch is an electrical switch and electro-optical couplers are provided between said switch and said interface.

17. A communications network as claimed in claim 15, wherein said cross-connect switch is an optical switch, and said payload signal is an optical signal.

18. A communications network as claimed in claim 15, wherein the wavelengths within a band have approximately 1.6 nm separation.

19. A communications network as claimed in claim 18, wherein the bands are separated by approximately 9.6 nm including guard space.

20. A communications network as claimed in claim 18, wherein the passband of each band is approximately 6.4 nm.