Low-noise distributed Raman amplifier using bi-directional pumping using multiple Raman orders
First Claim
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1. A multi-stage Raman amplifier apparatus, comprising:
- a first Raman amplifier configured to receive a signal of at least one wavelength traveling in an upstream direction in the first Raman amplifier;
a first pump source coupled to the first Raman amplifier producing a first pump beam in a downstream direction that is counter-propagating relative to the signal;
a second pump source coupled to the first Raman amplifier producing a second pump beam that travels in the upstream direction;
a second Raman amplifier coupled to the first Raman amplifier, wherein one of the first Raman amplifier and the second Raman amplifier comprises a distributed Raman amplifier and the other of the first Raman amplifier and the second Raman amplifier comprises a discrete Raman amplifier; and
a third pump source coupled to the second Raman amplifier producing a third pump beam traveling in the downstream direction.
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Abstract
A Raman amplifier assembly includes a Raman amplifier configured to receive a signal from a signal source. The signal travels in an upstream direction in the Raman amplifier. A first pump source is coupled to the Raman amplifier. The first pump source produces a first pump beam that travels in a downstream direction and is counter-propagating relative to the signal. A second pump source is coupled to the Raman amplifier and produces a second pump beam that travels in the upstream direction. The second pump source has an average relative intensity noise of less than −80 dB/Hz.
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Citations
28 Claims
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1. A multi-stage Raman amplifier apparatus, comprising:
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a first Raman amplifier configured to receive a signal of at least one wavelength traveling in an upstream direction in the first Raman amplifier;
a first pump source coupled to the first Raman amplifier producing a first pump beam in a downstream direction that is counter-propagating relative to the signal;
a second pump source coupled to the first Raman amplifier producing a second pump beam that travels in the upstream direction;
a second Raman amplifier coupled to the first Raman amplifier, wherein one of the first Raman amplifier and the second Raman amplifier comprises a distributed Raman amplifier and the other of the first Raman amplifier and the second Raman amplifier comprises a discrete Raman amplifier; and
a third pump source coupled to the second Raman amplifier producing a third pump beam traveling in the downstream direction. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 27, 28)
a fourth pump source coupled to the second Raman amplifier producing a fourth pump beam that travels in the upstream direction.
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8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
an isolator coupled to the second Raman amplifier.
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9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first Raman amplifier is a low-noise preamplifier and the second Raman amplifier is a power amplifier.
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10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a pump shunt coupled to the first and second Raman amplifiers.
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11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a first isolator positioned between the first and second Raman amplifiers.
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12. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
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a pump shunt coupled to the first and second Raman amplifiers; and
a second isolator coupled to the pump shunt.
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27. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first Raman amplifier comprises a Raman gain fiber with a non-linear gain coefficient (γ
- ) of greater than 3 W−
1 km−
1.
- ) of greater than 3 W−
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28. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second Raman amplifier comprises a Raman gain fiber with a non-linear gain coefficient (γ
- ) of greater than 3 W−
1 km−
1.
- ) of greater than 3 W−
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13. A method of amplifying on optical signal, comprising:
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receiving at a first Raman amplifier a signal having at least one wavelength traveling in an upstream direction in the first Raman amplifier;
introducing to the first Raman amplifier a first pump beam traveling in a downstream direction that is counter-propagating relative to the signal;
introducing to the first Raman amplifier a second pump beam traveling in an upstream direction;
receiving at a second Raman amplifier coupled to the first Raman amplifier the signal traveling in an upstream direction;
introducing to the second Raman amplifier a third pump beam traveling in a downstream direction; and
wherein one of the first Raman amplifier and the second Raman amplifier comprises a distributed Raman amplifier and the other of the first Raman amplifier and the second Raman amplifier comprises a discrete Raman amplifier. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
introducing to the second Raman amplifier a fourth pump beam traveling in a upstream direction.
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23. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
coupling an isolator to the second Raman amplifier.
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24. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
coupling a pump shunt to the first and second Raman amplifiers.
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25. The method of claim 24, further comprising:
coupling a second isolator to the pump shunt.
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26. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
coupling a first isolator between the first and second Raman amplifiers.
Specification