Method of making coated article including layer(s) of diamond-like carbon which may be hydrophobic

• US 6,638,570 B2
• Filed: 08/29/2001
• Issued: 10/28/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 05/03/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Guardian Glass LLC (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Guardian Industries Corporation (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: Veerasamy, Vijayen S.
• Primary Examiner(s): CHEN, BRET P
• Application Number:
  US09/940,423
• Publication Number:
  US 20020028289A1
• Time in Patent Office: 790 Days
• Field of Search: 427/249.7, 427/255.7, 427/255.27, 427/533, 427/534, 427/527
• US Class Current: 427/249.7
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 5/083 involving the use of fluoropolymers
• CPC Class Codes: B08B 17/06 by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
• CPC Class Codes: B08B 17/065 the surface having a microscopic surface pattern to achieve the same effect as a lotus flower
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10018 comprising only one glass sheet
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/1033 Laminated safety glass or glazing containing temporary protective coatings or layers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10577 Surface roughness
• CPC Class Codes: B60S 1/54 using gas, e.g. hot air
• CPC Class Codes: B60S 1/58 for rear windows
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 35/007 Rear spoilers B62D35/001 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/22 with other inorganic material C03C17/34, C03C17/44 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3441 comprising carbon, a carbide or oxycarbide
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3482 comprising silicon, hydrogenated silicon or a silicide
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/36 at least one coating being a metal
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3634 one layer at least containing carbon, a carbide or oxycarbide
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3644 the metal being silver
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3652 the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/282 Carbides, silicides
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/76 Hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/78 Coatings specially designed to be durable, e.g. scratch-resistant
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2218/151 by vacuum evaporation
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2218/31 : Pre-treatment
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 23/0075 : Cleaning of glass specially adapted to plate glass B08B11/00
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 3/076 : with 40% to 90% silica, by weight C03C3/045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/82 : Elements for improving aerodynamics
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24942 : including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24983 : Hardness
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/30 : Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer

Abstract

A process includes coating a substrate with a hydrophobic coating system including highly tetrahedral amorphous carbon that is a form of diamond-like carbon (DLC). In certain embodiments, the coating system is deposited on the substrate in a manner to increase its hydrophobicity. In certain embodiments, the coating system is deposited in a manner such that it has an average hardness of at least about 10 GPa, more preferably from about 20-80 GPa. In certain embodiments, the coating system includes first and second DLC inclusive layers that are deposited using one or more ion beam deposition devices, wherein different gases are used to deposit the respective DLC inclusive layers such that the overlying layer has greater scratch resistance characteristics than the underlying layer which functions as an anchoring layer.

Claims

1. A method of making a coated article, the method comprising:

providing a substrate;

depositing a first DLC inclusive layer on the substrate using a first gas including silicon (Si); and

depositing a second DLC inclusive layer on the substrate and on the first DLC inclusive layer using a second gas different than the first gas so that the resulting article has an initial contact angle θ

of at least about 80 degrees.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing the second layer so as to include ta-C and so that the resulting article has an initial contact angle θ

of at least about 100 degrees, and wherein said depositing steps are performed using ion beam deposition.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said first gas includes a silane compound and said second gas includes a hydrocarbon.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said first gas comprises at least one of tetramethylsilane, trimethyldisilane, tetraethoxysilane, hexamethyldisiloxane, and dichlorodimethylsilane.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second gas comprises C₂H₂.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising plasma treating an outmost surface of the second layer in order to provide at least H atoms in the second layer proximate an outermost surface thereof, so as to reduce surface energy of the second layer.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first layer is deposited in direct contact with the substrate using at least plasma ion beam deposition.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing an intermediate layer so that the intermediate layer is located between (a) the substrate and (b) the first and second DLC inclusive layers.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing the first and second layers so that the first layer includes substantially more Si than the second layer.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing the first and second layers so that the second layer has a greater hardness value than the first layer.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first gas comprises tetramethylsilane (TMS) and the second gas comprises acetylene (C₂H₂).

12. A method of making a coated article, comprising:

providing a substrate;

depositing a first diamond-like carbon inclusive layer on the substrate by using at least one of the following gases in an ion beam deposition apparatus;

a silane compound, an organosilane compound, an organosilazane compound, and an organo-oxysilicon compound; and

depositing a second diamond-like carbon inclusive layer directly on and over the first diamond-like carbon inclusive layer by using a hydrocarbon gas in an ion beam deposition apparatus.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the same ion beam deposition apparatus is used in each of said depositing steps.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein different ion beam deposition apparatuses are used in said respective depositing steps.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein at least one of the following gases is used in the ion beam deposition apparatus in said depositing step for depositing the first diamond-like carbon inclusive layer:

tetramethylsilane, diethylsilane, tetraethoxysilane, dichlorodimethylsilane, triethyldisilane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisilazane, tetramethyldisilazane, tetramethyldisiloxane, ethoxytrimethylsilane, hexamethyldisiloxane, tetramethyldisiloxane, ethoxytrimethylsilane, and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein acetylene (C₂H₂) is used in the ion beam deposition apparatus in said depositing step for depositing the second diamond-like carbon inclusive layer.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein said depositing steps are carried out so that the resulting coated article has an initial contact angle θ

of at least about 80 degrees.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein said depositing steps are carried out so that the resulting coated article has an initial contact angle θ

of at least about 100 degrees.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein said depositing steps are carried out so that the resulting coated article has an initial contact angle θ

of at least about 110 degrees.

20. The method of claim 12, wherein tetramethylsilane gas is used in the ion beam deposition apparatus in said depositing step for depositing the first diamond-like carbon inclusive layer.

21. A method of making a coated article, the method comprising:

providing a substrate;

depositing a first DLC inclusive layer on the substrate using a first gas including silicon (Si); and

depositing a second DLC inclusive layer on the substrate and on the first DLC inclusive layer using at least a second gas different than the first gas.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the second gas comprises a hydrocarbon.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the second DLC inclusive layer directly contacts the first DLC inclusive layer, and wherein the first DLC inclusive layer includes substantially more Si than the second DLC inclusive layer.

24. A method of making a coated article, the method comprising:

providing a substrate;

depositing a first DLC inclusive layer on the substrate using a first gas; and

ion beam depositing a second DLC inclusive layer on the substrate and directly on and contacting the first DLC inclusive layer using at least a second gas different than the first gas.