Cleaning deposit devices that generate microarrays

• US 6,638,770 B1
• Filed: 07/20/2002
• Issued: 10/28/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 02/09/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Affymetrix, Inc. (Thermo Fisher Scientific Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Affymetrix, Inc. (Thermo Fisher Scientific Incorporated)
• Inventors: Montagu, Jean I.
• Primary Examiner(s): DRODGE, JOSEPH W
• Application Number:
  US10/199,968
• Time in Patent Office: 465 Days
• Field of Search: 422/63, 422/68.1, 422/99, 422/100, 422/102, 422/103, 422/104, 422/117, 436/43, 436/46, 436/174, 436/180, 204/450, 204/451, 204/600, 204/601, 118/300, 134/22.1, 134/22.11, 134/22.12, 134/44, 134/50, 134/85, 134/88, 134/94.1, 153/001, 153/02, 153/03, 153/20, 153/22, 427/421
• US Class Current: 436/174
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0046 Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays synthesis methods per se C40B50/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00364 Pipettes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00387 Applications using probes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00527 Sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00585 Parallel processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0059 Sequential processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00596 Solid-phase processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0061 The surface being organic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00621 by physical means, e.g. trenches, raised areas
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00635 by reactive plasma treatment
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00637 by coating it with another layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00641 the porous medium being continuous, e.g. porous oxide substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00659 Two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00677 Ex-situ synthesis followed by deposition on the substrate
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00691 using robots
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 13/02 for receptacle or instruments
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/0244 using pins
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/0251 Pin and ring type or pin in tube type dispenser
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 : Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 60/14 : for creating libraries
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/1034 : Transferring microquantities of liquid
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/1037 : Using surface tension, e.g. pins or wires
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/1004 : Cleaning sample transfer devices
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/1065 : Multiple transfer devices
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 21/34 : Microscope slides, e.g. mounting specimens on microscope slides
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/25 : including sample preparation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/2575 : Volumetric liquid transfer

Abstract

An apparatus for depositing an array of spots on a receiving surface includes a fluid source, a deposit device that includes a drop-carrying surface, and a cleaning device. The deposit device and a fluid source are cooperatively arranged to deposit a spot(usually created by a drop) on a receiving surface. The cleaning device is constructed and arranged to clean the drop-carrying surface by employing a flow of cleaning fluid or another cleaning matter such as small particles the flow being arranged to prevent contaminating back flow.

Claims

1. An apparatus for depositing an array of spots on a receiving surface, comprising:

a deposit device, including a drop-carrying surface, and a fluid source cooperatively arranged to deposit a spot on a receiving surface; and

a cleaning device constructed and arranged to clean said drop-carrying surface by employing a flow of cleaning fluid arranged to prevent contaminating back flow.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said cleaning device includes a venturi fluid jet constructed and arranged to blow said cleaning fluid.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said fluid jet is also constructed to deliver drying fluid.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said fluid jet includes a circular nozzle constructed to emit a conical flow of said cleaning and drying fluid.

5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said fluid jet includes a circular nozzle constructed to sequentially emit a conical flow of said cleaning and drying fluid.

6. The apparatus of claims 4 or 5 further including a reservoir for receiving said cleaning and drying fluid.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 further including a vacuum pump associated with said reservoir.

8. The apparatus of claim 3 including at least two fluid paths associated with at least two fluid reservoirs and connectable to said fluid jet.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said cleaning device includes a venturi fluid jet constructed and arranged to blow said cleaning fluid at least partially along a length of said deposit device toward said drop-carrying surface.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said drop-carrying surface is located at least partially within a confinement chamber and said flow of cleaning fluid is arranged to prevent contaminating back flow from said confinement chamber.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said drop-carrying surface has a diameter less than 375 micron.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said drop-carrying surface has a diameter less than 300 micron.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein said drop-carrying surface has a diameter between about 15 and 250 micron.

14. The apparatus of claim 2 or 9 wherein said fluid jet includes a circular nozzle constructed to emit a conical flow of said cleaning fluid.

15. The apparatus of claim 2 or 9 wherein said fluid jet includes an annular nozzle constructed to emit a flow of said cleaning fluid.

16. The apparatus of claim 2 or 9 further including a reservoir for receiving said cleaning fluid emitted from said fluid jet.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 further including a vacuum pump associated with said reservoir.

18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said deposit device has a pin-like structure with said drop-carrying surface disposed in a distal end of said pin-like structure and there is associated a ring-like structure encircling said pin-like structure.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said pin-like structure includes sides that intersect with an end surface that defines a rim of said drop-carrying surface.

20. The apparatus of claim 1 further including a mobile supply device, associated with said deposit device, and arranged to supply material for deposition of said array of spots.

21. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein said deposit device has a pin-like structure including said drop-carrying surface and said mobile supply device includes a mobile local supply device arranged to move partially with said pin-like structure.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein said cleaning device is constructed and arranged to deliver said cleaning fluid at least partially to said mobile local supply device.

23. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein said mobile local supply device includes a ring-like structure located near said drop-carrying surface.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said cleaning device is constructed and arranged to deliver said cleaning fluid at least partially to said ring-like structure and said drop-carrying surface.

25. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein said mobile local supply device includes an annular member through which said deposit device operates by a relative motion of said drop-carrying surface, and said cleaning device includes a nozzle for directing a flow of said cleaning fluid past said annular member and said drop-carrying surface.

26. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein said deposit device and said mobile supply device are movable together to said cleaning device in response to a control system.

27. The apparatus of claim 20 further including a drying device constructed to discharge drying fluid.

28. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein said mobile supply device is movable relative to an array of deposit locations, said mobile supply device being constructed and arranged to store deposit fluid and resupply the deposit device at various locations along said array.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the deposit device and the mobile storage device are constructed to supply drops to the deposit device in the immediate vicinity of the deposit locations for respective drops.

30. The apparatus of claim 28 or 29, wherein the deposit device and mobile storage device are coupled for movement of the deposit device toward and away from the receiving surface.

31. The apparatus of claim 1 including a control system arranged to control a flow velocity of said cleaning fluid.

32. The apparatus of claim 1 including a control system arranged to select a type of said cleaning fluid.

33. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein said control system is arranged to select said type of said cleaning fluid at a source location.

34. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said cleaning fluid is selected from one of the following compressed gas, high pressure liquid, aerosol and heated gas.

35. The apparatus of claim 1 including at least four said deposit devices and including a mechanism for moving each said deposit device independently toward and away from the receiving surface to deposit respective drops at respective deposit locations on the receiving surface.

36. The apparatus of claim 1 including at least four said deposit devices and including a mechanism for moving said deposit devices simultaneously, relatively, toward and away from the receiving surface to deposit respective drops at respective deposit locations on the receiving surface.

37. The apparatus of claim 36 wherein said deposit devices are mounted on a common support that is driven by a common driver to deposit respective fluid drops on the receiving surface.

38. The apparatus of claim 36 wherein each said deposit device is associated with a respective storage ring, the storage rings being mounted on a common storage support driven by a common storage drive.

39. A method of depositing a biological material on a substrate, including:

mechanically lowering a pin-like structure including a drop-carrying surface to a substrate and thereby depositing by contact a drop of biological material;

moving said pin-like structure to a cleaning station; and

emitting a flow of cleaning fluid toward said drop-carrying surface, said flow being arranged to prevent contaminating back flow.

40. The method of claim 39 including collecting at least a portion of said emitted cleaning fluid in a confinement chamber, wherein said flow of cleaning fluid is arranged to prevent said contaminating back flow from said confinement chamber.

41. The method of claim 40 including pumping fluid from said confinement chamber.

42. The method of claim 39 wherein said emitting includes directing said cleaning fluid along said pin-like structure toward said drop-carrying surface being surrounded by a ring-like structure forming a mobile local supply device.

43. The method of claim 39 including emitting a drying fluid after emitting said cleaning fluid.

44. The method of claim 39 providing at least two fluid reservoirs, and the method including, after said emitting, switching to a second-mentioned reservoir and emitting fluid from said second-mentioned reservoir.

45. The method of claim 39 further providing multiple flow nozzles and at least one confinement chamber, the method including emitting multiple flows of said cleaning fluid through said flow nozzles located at said confinement chamber.

46. The method of claim 39 including emitting at least one of the following:

compressed gas, high pressure liquid, aerosol, and heated gas.

56. The method of claim 39 or 47 wherein said biological material includes fluorescing material, an ink, dye, stain or marker, a photoactive material, radioactive material, a varnish or encapsulant, or an etchant.

47. A method of depositing a biological material on a substrate, comprising:

receiving on a drop-carrying surface of a pin-like structure a first type of a biological material drop;

mechanically lowering said pin-like structure toward a substrate and thereby depositing by contact from said drop-carrying surface said biological material drop of said first type;

moving said pin-like structure to a cleaning station including a confinement area;

emitting a flow of cleaning fluid toward said drop-carrying surface, said flow of cleaning fluid being arranged to prevent contaminating back flow from said confinement area;

receiving on said drop-carrying surface a second type of said biological material drop; and

mechanically lowering said pin-like structure toward said substrate and thereby depositing by contact from said drop-carrying surface said biological material drop of said second type.

48. The method of claim 47 wherein said depositing of said biological material drop of said second type is performed on a location of said substrate that is overlapping with a deposited location of said first type drop on said substrate.

49. The method of claim 47 wherein said depositing of said biological material drop of said second type is performed on a location of said substrate that is different from a deposited location of said first type drop on said substrate.

50. The method of claim 47 wherein both said receiving acts are performed by using a mobile supply device.

51. The method of claim 50 wherein said mobile supply device includes a 96 well plate.

52. A The method of claim 47 herein both said receiving acts are performed by using a local mobile supply device.

53. The method of claim 52 wherein said local mobile supply device includes a ring-like structure located near said drop-carrying surface.

54. The method of claim 53 wherein said emitting of said flow of cleaning fluid includes directing said flow partially along said pin-like structure past said supporting surface and partially through said ring-like structure.

55. The method of claim 54 wherein said receiving on said drop-carrying surface said second type of said biological material drop includes dipping said ring-like structure into a well of a well plate.