Plasminogen activator inhibitor antagonists

• US 6,638,977 B1
• Filed: 11/19/1999
• Issued: 10/28/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 11/19/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Dendreon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Ya Fei Yuan,)
• Original Assignee: Corvas International, Inc. (Bausch Health Cos., Inc.)
• Inventors: Madison, Edwin L., Lim-Wilby, Marguerita, Semple, Joseph Edward, Pryor, Kent E., Brunck, Terence K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Killos, Paul J.
• Application Number:
  US09/444,172
• Time in Patent Office: 1,439 Days
• Field of Search: 514/532, 514/538, 514/543, 514/570, 514/571, 514/544, 560/15, 560/18, 560/24, 560/30, 560/9, 560/55, 560/64, 562/426, 562/452
• US Class Current: 514/538
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 59/68 the oxygen atom of the ether group being bound to a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 59/72 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 59/90 containing singly bound oxygen-containing groups
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 65/24 polycyclic

Abstract

Compounds and pharmaceutical compositions useful as plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) antagonists are provided. In particular, methods of antagonizing PAI with substituted and unsubstituted aryl and heteroaryl ethers and thioethers are provided.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising a compound having the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is halide or pseudohalide;

m is 2;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direcalky link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the compound has formula I:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is halide or pseudohalide;

m is 2;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C₁₄alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein R¹ and R² are each halide.

4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein R¹ and R² are each iodo.

5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein X′

is (CH₂)_dO.

7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein:

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

R¹ is iodo;

R² is iodo;

m is 2;

n is 1;

R³ is OH;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂ and Me;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is a direct link, C₈alkylene, —

S(O)₂O—

,

where U′

is carbon and is attached to X;

R⁹ is SO₃H;

w is an integer from 0 to 2;

U is H or

where R⁶ is OH;

t is an integer from 0 to 3;

R⁷ is C_1-3alkoxy;

u is an integer from 0 to 3;

R⁸ is halo;

v is an integer from 0 to 3;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C₁₄alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, wherein q and r are 0.

9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 that is formulated for single dosage administration.

6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim wherein the compound is of formula I with the proviso that X—

Y′

—

Y is not hydrogen.

10. An article of manufacture, comprising packaging material, a compound of formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is halide or pseudohalide;

m is 2;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H;

which is effective for antagonizing PAI or for treatment, prevention or amelioration of one or more symptoms of thrombotic disorders or cancer, and a label that indicates that the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof is used for antagonizing PAI, or for treatment, prevention or amelioration of one or more symptoms of thrombotic disorders or cancer.

11. A method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of cancer, comprising administering a compound of formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is halide or pseudohalide;

m is 2;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, Cl₁₃alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of tumors, solid tumors, metastatic solid tumors and breast cancer.

13. A method of modulating the activity of a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with a compound of formula Ar¹—

X′

—

Ar², or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS where d is an integer from 1 to 6;

Ar¹ and Ar² are each independently selected from monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl, and are substituted with at least one acidic group selected from a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid or boronic acid group;

and may be further substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halide, pseudohalide, nitro, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl;

wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and cycloalkyl substituents may be further substituted with C_1-20alkyl-L-, C_2-20alkenyl-L-, or C_2-20alkynyl-L-, where L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the compound has the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

m is an integer from 0 to 4;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 0 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the compound has the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

m is an integer from 0 to 4;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 0 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

15. A method of modulating the interaction of a plasminogen activator (PA) with a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with a compound of formula Ar¹—

X′

—

Ar², or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS where d is an integer from 1 to 6;

Ar¹ and Ar² are each independently selected from monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl, and are substituted with at least one acidic group selected from a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid or boronic acid group;

and may be further substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halide, pseudohalide, nitro, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl;

wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and cycloalkyl substituents may be further substituted with C_1-20alkyl-L-, C_2-20alkenyl-L-, or C_2-20alkynyl-L-, where L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

wherein the contacting is effected simultaneously with, prior to, or subsequent to contacting the PA with the PAI.

17. A method of attenuating metastasis, comprising administrating to a patient suffering from a metastatic disorder a compound of formula Ar¹—

X′

—

Ar², or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS where d is an integer from 1 to 6;

Ar¹ and Ar² are each independently selected from monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl, and are substituted with at least one acidic group selected from a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid or boronic acid group;

and may be further substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halide, pseudohalide, nitro, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl;

wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and cycloalkyl substituents may be further substituted with C_1-20alkyl-L-, C_2-20alkenyl-L-, or C_2-20alkynyl-L-, where L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the compound has the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

m is an integer from 0 to 4;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 0 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

Coo—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

19. A method of treating, preventing or ameliorating one or more symptoms of a thrombotic disorder or haemostatic disorder, comprising administrating a compound of formula Ar′

—

X′

—

Ar², or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS where d is an integer from 1 to 6;

Ar¹ and Ar² are each independently selected from monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl, and are substituted with at least one acidic group selected from a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid or boronic acid group;

and may be further substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halide, pseudohalide, nitro, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl;

wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and cycloalkyl substituents may be further substituted with C_1-20alkyl-L-, C_2-20alkenyl-L-, or C_2-20alkynyl-L-, where L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the compound has the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

m is an integer from 0 to 4;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 0 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the thrombotic disorder or haemostatic disorder is selected from myocardial infarction, reocclusion following thrombolytic therapy, deep vein thrombosis, or disseminated intravascular coagulation.

22. The method of claim 19, further comprising administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), wherein the tPA is administered prior to, concurrently with, or subsequent to administration of the compound.

23. A method of antagonizing a plasminogen activator inhibitor PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with a compound of formula Ar¹—

X′

—

r², or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS where d is an integer from 1 to 6;

Ar¹ and Ar² are each independently selected from monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl, and are substituted with at least one acidic group selected from a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid or boronic acid group;

and may be further substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halide, pseudohalide, nitro, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl;

wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and cycloalkyl substituents may be further substituted with C_1-20alkyl-L-, C_2-20alkenyl-L-, or C_2-20alkynyl-L-, where L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the compound has the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

m is an integer from 0 to 4;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from Q to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-14alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

25. A method of modulating angiogenesis, comprising administering a compound of formula Ar′

—

X′

—

Ar², or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS where d is an integer from 1 to 6;

Ar¹ and Ar² are each independently selected from monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl, and are substituted with at least one acidic group selected from a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid or boronic acid group;

and may be further substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halide, pseudohalide, nitro, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl;

wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and cycloalkyl substituents may be further substituted with C_1-20alkyl-L-, C_2-20alkenyl-L-, or C_2-20alkynyl-L-, where L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the compound has the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

X′

is O, S, (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

R¹ is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

m is an integer from 0 to 4;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

n is an integer from 0 to 5;

R³ is hydroxy or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³, together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-14alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond; and

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

27. A compound that has the formula:

and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein;

X′

is (CH₂)_dO or (CH₂)_dS;

d is an integer from 1 to 6;

Z and Z′

are each carbon;

R¹ is Br or I;

m is 2;

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is halide, pseudohalide, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, cycloalkoxy, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R³ is OH or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³ together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halide or pseudohalide;

q is an integer from 0 to 1;

r is an integer from 0 to 2;

X is H, C_1-17alkyl-L-, C_2-17alkenyl-L-, or C_2-17alkynyl-L-;

L is a direct link, amido, carboxy, carbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfonyl, carbamide, ureido, sulfonamide, hydrazinyl, hydrazide, semicarbazide, carbazate, thiocarbazate, isothiocarbazate or sulfonyl hydrazide;

Y′

is selected from a direct link, alkylene, a heterocyclylene group, —

COO—

, —

S(O)₂O—

, —

S(O)O—

, —

P(O)(OH)O—

, —

P(OH)O— and

—

B(OH)O—

;

Y is a direct link, C_1-4alkyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(carboxy), C_2-4alkynyl(W)(carboxy), C_1-4alkyl(W)(sulfo), C_2-4alkenyl(W)(sulfo) or C_2-4alkynyl(W)(sulfo);

where W is H, amino or A-D-E-G, where A is C_1-4alkylene, C_2-4alkenylene or C_2-4alkynylene;

D is a direct link, amido, ureido, imino, azido, carbamoyl, thio or thionyl;

E is a direct link, C_1-3alkylene, arylene or heteroarylene; and

G is H, amino, nitro, cyano, hydrazinyl, thio or sulfonamido;

with the provisos that (i) if m, n or p are not 0, then q and r are 0;

(ii) if q or r are not 0, then m, n and p are 0;

(iii) if X is not H, then Y is a direct link;

(iv) if Y is not a direct link, then Y′

is a direct link;

(v) if Y′

is not a direct link, then Y is a direct link;

(vi) if D is not a direct link, then G is H;

(vii) if D is a single bond and G is not H, then E is a single bond;

(viii) if E is not a direct link or C_1-3alkylene, then G is H.

28. The compound of claim 27, that has formula I:

29. The compound of claim 28, wherein X′

is (CH₂)_dO.

30. The compound of claim 28, wherein X′

is CH₂O.

31. The compound of claim 28, wherein:

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is halide, pseudohalide, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, cycloalkoxy, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R³ is OH or alkoxy;

p is an integer from 0 to 3;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³ together form —

CH═

CH—

CH═

CH—

, —

CH═

N—

CH═

CH—

or —

N═

CH—

CH═

CH—

;

R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from —

SO₃⁻

, —

NO₂ and Me; and

Y′

is a direct link, C₈alkylene, —

S(O)₂O—

,

where U′

is carbon and is attached to X;

R⁹ is SO₃H;

w is an integer from 0 to 2;

U is H or

where R⁶ is OH;

t is an integer from 0 to 3;

R⁷ is C_1-3alkoxy;

u is an integer from 0 to 3;

R⁸ is halo; and

v is an integer from 0 to 3.

32. The compound of claim 28, wherein q and r are 0 and the compound has formula II:

33. The compound of claim 28, wherein Y′

is a direct link, q and r are 0, and the compound has formula III;

34. The compound of claim 33, wherein X′

is (CH₂)_dO, where d is an integer from 1 to 6.

35. The compound of claim 33, wherein X′

is CH₂O.

36. The compound of claim 33, wherein X—

Y is (CH₂)_aCOOH or (CH₂)_cSO₃H, where a is an integer from 0 to 6 and c is an integer from 0 to 4.

37. The compound of claim 33, wherein X—

Y is (CH₂)₈COOH, where a is an integer from 0 to 6.

38. The compound of claim 33, wherein a is 0 or 2.

39. The compound of claim 37 that has formula IV:

wherein;

R¹ is Br or I;

m is 2;

a is an integer from 0 to 6; and

R², R³, n and p are selected as in (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is halide, pseudohalide, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, cycloalkoxy, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy;

n is an integer from 1 to 5; and

p is 0;

or

(ii) n and p are 1, and R² and R³ together form, with the carbon to which each is attached, an aryl, aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, containing from about 3 to about 16 members.

40. The compound of claim 39, wherein R¹ is Br or I;

and R², R³, n and p are selected as in (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is halide, pseudohalide, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, cycloalkoxy, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy;

n is an integer from 1 to 5; and

p is 0;

or

(ii) n and p are 1, and R² and R³ together form —

CH═

CH—

CH═

CH—

, —

CH═

N—

CH═

CH—

or —

N═

CH—

CH═

CH—

.

41. The compound of claim 39, wherein R¹ is Br or I;

m is 2; and

R², R³, n and p are selected from (i) or (ii) as follows;

(i) R² is selected from 1, Br, CH₃, C(CH₃)₃, Ph, OCH₃, CF₃, OCF₃ or F;

n is 1, or is 1 or 5 when R² is F;

p is 0;

or

(ii) n and p are 1; and

R² and R³ together form —

CH═

CH—

CH═

CH—

.

42. The compound of claim 41, wherein R¹ is I.

43. The compound of claim 41, wherein a is 0 or 2.

44. The compound of claim 28, selected from the group consisting of 3,5-diiodo-4-(3-bromobenzyloxy)benzoic acid, 3-(3,5-diiodo-4-(3-iodobenzyloxy)phenyl)propionic acid, 3,5-diiodo-4-(3-iodobenzyloxy)-benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(4-iodobenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(2-bromobenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(4-bromobenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(2-methylbenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(3-methylbenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(4-methylbenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(4-tert-butylbenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(naphth-2-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(biphen-2-ylmethoxy)-benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(3-methoxybenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(3-trifluoromethylbenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(3-trifluoromethoxybenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(3-fluorobenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-diiodo-4-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenylmethoxy)benzoic acid;

3-(3,5-diiodo-4-(4-iodobenzyloxy)phenyl)propionic acid;

3-(3,5-diiodo-4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)propionic acid;

3-(3,5-diiodo-4-(3-bromobenzyloxy)-phenyl)propionic acid;

3,5-dibromo-4-(3-iodobenzyloxy)benzoic acid;

3,5-dichloro-4-(3-iodobenzyloxy)benzoic acid; and

3-(3,5-diiodo-4-(4-bromobenzyloxy)phenyl)propionic acid.

45. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound of claim 27, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

46. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 45 that is formulated for single dosage administration.

47. An article of manufacture, comprising packaging material, a compound of claim 27, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, which is effective for antagonizing PAI or for treatment, prevention or amelioration of one or more symptoms of thrombotic disorders or cancer, and a label that indicates that the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof is used for antagonizing PAI, or for treatment, prevention or amelioration of one or more symptoms of thrombotic disorders or cancer.

48. A method for treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of cancer, comprising administering a compound of claim 27 or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of tumors, solid tumors, metastatic solid tumors and breast cancer.

50. A method of modulating the activity of a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with a compound of claim 27, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.

51. A method of modulating the interaction of a plasminogen activator (PA) with a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with a compound of claim 27, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein the contacting is effected simultaneously with, prior to, or subsequent to contacting the PA with the PAI.

52. A method of attenuating metastasis, comprising administrating to a patient suffering from a metastatic disorder a compound of claim 27, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof.

53. A method of treating, preventing or ameliorating one or more symptoms of a thrombotic disorder or haemostatic disorder, comprising administrating a compound of claim 27, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.

54. The method of claim 53, wherein the thrombotic disorder or haemostatic disorder is selected from myocardial infarction, reocclusion following thrombolytic therapy, deep vein thrombosis, or disseminated intravascular coagulation.

55. The method of claim 53, further comprising administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), wherein the tPA is administered prior to, concurrently with, or subsequent to administration of the compound.

56. A method of antagonizing a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with a compound of claim 27, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.

57. A method of modulating angiogenesis, comprising administering a compound of claim 27, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.

58. The compound of claim 28 that is 3,5-diiodo-4-(3-iodobenzyloxy)benzoic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof.

59. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound of claim 58, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

60. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 59 that is formulated for single dosage administration.

61. An article of manufacture, comprising packaging material, the compound of claim 58, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, which is effective for antagonizing PAI or for treatment, prevention or amelioration of one or more symptoms of thrombotic disorders or cancer, and a label that indicates that the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof is used for antagonizing PAI, or for treatment, prevention or amelioration of one or more symptoms of thrombotic disorders or cancer.

62. A method for treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of cancer, comprising administering the compound of claim 58 or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof.

63. The method of claim 62, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of tumors, solid tumors, metastatic solid tumors and breast cancer.

64. A method of modulating the activity of a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with the compound of claim 58, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.

65. A method of modulating the interaction of a plasminogen activator (PA) with a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with the compound of claim 58, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein the contacting is effected simultaneously with, prior to, or subsequent to contacting the PA with the PAI.

66. A method of attenuating metastasis, comprising administrating to a patient suffering from a metastatic disorder the compound of claim 58, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof.

67. A method of treating, preventing or ameliorating one or more symptoms of a thrombotic disorder or haemostatic disorder, comprising administrating the compound of claim 58, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.

68. The method of claim 67, wherein the thrombotic disorder or haemostatic disorder is selected from myocardial infarction, reocclusion following thrombolytic therapy, deep vein thrombosis, or disseminated intravascular coagulation.

69. The method of claim 67, further comprising administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), wherein the tPA is administered prior to, concurrently with, or subsequent to administration of the compound.

70. A method of antagonizing a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), comprising contacting the PAI with the compound of claim 58, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.

71. A method of modulating angiogenesis, comprising administering the compound of claim 58, or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.