Ambulatory blood pump
First Claim
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1. A blood pump comprising:
- a conduit having a front surface, a rear surface, an inner electrically conductive surface and an outer surface, said conductive inner surface forming a first electrode;
a rod having an inner channel, a central axis, a front surface located near said conduit front surface and a rear surface located near said conduit rear surface, and an electrically conductive outer surface forming a second electrode;
a blood flow channel formed by said rod outer surface and said conduit inner surface;
a current-carrying conductor applied to the inner channel and outer surface of said conduit, said conductor applied such that current flowing in said conductor flows parallel to said central axis from said rod inner channel front to said rod inner channel rear, and thereafter said current flows parallel to said central axis and from said conduit outer surface rear to said conduit outer surface front;
a voltage source connected between said first electrode and said second electrode;
a current source furnishing current through said current carrying conductor.
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Abstract
A blood pump intended to be carried by a freely moving patient uses perpendicular magnetic and electrical fields to propel blood. A rod mounted coaxially inside a tube has electrodes in blood contact for establishing a radial electric field, and an inductor having windings parallel to the axis of the tube is used to establish a circumferential magnetic field. To avoid the evolution of gas at the electrode surfaces the magnetic and electric fields are periodically reversed, and the electrodes are made to have very high surface areas. The blood pump is powered by batteries or fuel cells (or a combination of both) to provide long service between recharging and to reduce the weight carried by the patient.
22 Citations
28 Claims
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1. A blood pump comprising:
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a conduit having a front surface, a rear surface, an inner electrically conductive surface and an outer surface, said conductive inner surface forming a first electrode;
a rod having an inner channel, a central axis, a front surface located near said conduit front surface and a rear surface located near said conduit rear surface, and an electrically conductive outer surface forming a second electrode;
a blood flow channel formed by said rod outer surface and said conduit inner surface;
a current-carrying conductor applied to the inner channel and outer surface of said conduit, said conductor applied such that current flowing in said conductor flows parallel to said central axis from said rod inner channel front to said rod inner channel rear, and thereafter said current flows parallel to said central axis and from said conduit outer surface rear to said conduit outer surface front;
a voltage source connected between said first electrode and said second electrode;
a current source furnishing current through said current carrying conductor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. An ambulatory blood pump comprising:
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a pump for the movement of blood;
a controller for controlling said pump;
a power source for said pump and said controller, said power source comprising a fuel cell;
a charge replenishment means for said fuel cell;
wherein said replenishment means comprises a transcutaneous fuel cell refueling port whereby said fuel cell receives said fuel from an external replenishment source.
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27. An ambulatory blood pump comprising:
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a pump for the movement of blood;
a controller for controlling said pump;
a power source for said pump and said controller, said power source comprising a fuel cell;
a charge replenishment means for said fuel cell;
wherein said replenishment means comprises a transcutaneous electrode for the transfer of charge from an external power source to said fuel cell.
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28. An ambulatory blood pump comprising:
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a pump for the movement of blood;
a controller for controlling said pump;
a power source for said pump and said controller, said power source comprising a fuel cell;
a charge replenishment means for said fuel cell;
wherein said replenishment means comprises a subcutaneous inductor coupled to an external inductor for the transfer of charge from an external power source to said fuel cell.
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Specification