Automatic determination of the contamination of aqueous cleaning solutions with carbonaceous compounds

• US 6,653,142 B1
• Filed: 03/29/2001
• Issued: 11/25/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 05/09/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Henkel KGaA (Henkel AG & Co KGaA)
• Original Assignee: Henkel KGaA (Henkel AG & Co KGaA)
• Inventors: Wimschneider, Andrea, Opitz, Werner, Schenzle, Bernd, Kling, Hans-Willi, Bartik-Himmler, Ibolya, Krey, Wolfgang
• Primary Examiner(s): Warden, Jill
• Assistant Examiner(s): GAKH, YELENA G
• Application Number:
  US09/674,599
• Time in Patent Office: 971 Days
• Field of Search: 422/3, 422/7, 422/15, 436/55, 436/103, 436/104, 436/181, 436/146, 436/142
• US Class Current: 436/146
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/1826 organic contamination in water
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/1846 Total carbon analysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 20/20 Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/12 Condition responsive control
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/16 Phosphorus containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/163333 Organic [e.g., chemical warfare agents, insecticides, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/204998 Inorganic carbon compounds
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/216 Unsaturated [e.g., ethylene, diene, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/235 In an aqueous solution [e.g., TOC, etc.]

Abstract

A method of automatically determining the content of inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon in an aqueous purifying solution wherein, in program-controlled manner, (a) a sample of a predetermined volume is taken from the aqueous purifying solution; (b) if desired, the sample is freed of solids and/or homogenized; (c) if desired, the sample is diluted with water in a ratio which has been preset or is determined as a result of a preliminary analysis; (d) the inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon is analysed using known methods; and (e) the result of the analysis is transmitted to a remote location and output and/or stored on a data carrier and/or used as the basis of further calculations. Program-controlled or automatic, externally-initiated checking of the measuring device is provided. Bath treatment measures may be implemented in program-controlled manner or in response to external triggering.

Claims

1. A method of maintaining a clear efficiency and adjusting the fat loading capacity of an aqueous purifying solution by automatically determining the content of inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon in the aqueous purifying solution wherein, in a program-controlled manner said method comprises the steps of,

(a) taking a sample of a predetermined volume from the aqueous purifying solution,

(b) if desired, freeing the sample of solids and/or homogenizing the sample,

(c) if desired, diluting the sample with water in a ratio which has been preset or determined as a result of a preliminary analysis,

(d) monitoring the total fat and oil loading of said solution by analyzing the inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon of said solution using known methods as an indicator of a fat and oil loading of said solution,

(e) transmitting the result of the analysis of step (d) to a remote location and outputting said result and/or storing said result on a data carrier and/or using said result as the basis of further calculations, and

f1) activating a device and dosing one or more supplementary components into the purifying solution to increase a total fat and oil loading capacity of said solution upon the overshooting of a given maximum value or upon a given change in the content of inorganic and/or total organic carbon or upon request, or

f2) removing fat and oil from the solution and reducing the content of inorganic and/or total organic carbon in the purifying solution upon the overshooting of a given maximum value or upon a given change in the content of inorganic and/or total organic carbon.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein sub-step (d) comprises analyzing inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon by converting the carbon of the sample into CO₂ and quantitatively determining the formed CO₂.

3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein sub-step (d) comprises quantitatively determining the CO₂ absorbed in an absorber solution or a solid absorber and measuring at least one of the following variables:

change in electrical conductivity, residual alkalinity, increase in weight.

4. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein sub-step (d) comprises quantitatively determining the CO₂ by measuring the infrared absorption.

5. A method as claimed in claim 4, comprising measuring the infrared absorption at a wavelength of 4.26 μ

m corresponding to a wave number of 2349 cm<sup>−

1</sup>.

6. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein a non-dispersive photometer is used to measure the infrared absorption.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein sub-step (d) comprises extracting lipophilic substances from said solution into an organic solvent not miscible in all proportions with water and gravimetrically analyzing said lipophilic substances by vaporising off the solvent or photometrically analyzing by infrared absorption of the lipophilic substances in the extract.

8. A method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the infrared absorption of the lipophilic substances in the extract is measured at a characteristic oscillating frequency of the CH₂ group.

9. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising repeating sub-steps (a) to (e) after a predetermined time interval.

10. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising repeating sub-steps (a) to (e) after time intervals which are the shorter, the greater the difference between the results of two consecutive analyses.

11. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising performing sub-steps (a) to (e) in response to an external request.

12. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in order to determine the content of total organic carbon, prior to sub-step (d) inorganic carbon is removed from the sample by acidifying the sample and expelling the formed CO₂ with a gas.

13. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein prior to sub-step (d) volatile organic compounds are removed from the sample by expulsion with a gas.

14. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after a predetermined time interval or after a predetermined number of analyses or in response to an external request, the functioning capability of an analyzing device used is checked by a control measurement of one or more standard solutions.

15. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, depending upon the result of the check of the measuring device used, the analyses of the content of inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon performed between tie current and the previous control measurement are provided with a status characteristic indicating the reliability of these analyses of the content of inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon.

16. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, depending upon the result of the check of the measuring device used, the automatic analysis of the content of inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon is continued and/or one or more of the following actions is performed:

analysis of established deviations, correction of the measuring device, termination of tile analyses of the content of inorganic carbon and/or total organic carbon, transmission of a status message or alarm signal to a superordinate process control system or to a monitoring device.

17. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the functioning capability of an analyzing device used is checked by a control measurement of one or more standard solutions when the results of two consecutive measurements differ by a predetermined amount.

18. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising automatically monitoring the levels and/or consumption of the solutions used and emitting a warning signal upon the undershooting of a predetermined minimum level.

19. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising transmitting the results of the analyses and/or of the control measurements and/or of the calibrations and/or the status signals continuously or at predetermined time intervals and/or upon request to a location different to the analysis location.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein said step f2) further comprises reducing the fat and oil content of said solution when said measured inorganic and/or total organic carbon content of said solution is above a predetermined value.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein said method maintains said total fat and oil content of said solution below a predetermined level.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein said method step f1) adds a surfactant to said solution to increase the fat loading capacity of said solution when said total organic carbon content of said solution is above a predetermined level.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein said step f2) removes the fat and oil from the solution by a membrane filtration device.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein said step f1) adds water to said solution to dilute said solution and increase said fat and oil loading capacity.