Mass transport limited in vivo analyte sensor
First Claim
1. An electrochemical sensor for subcutaneous glucose sensing, the sensor comprising:
- a planar body having a top layer permeable to oxygen and impervious to glucose, a base layer impervious to glucose, and a peripheral edge;
a working electrode disposed between the top layer and the base layer; and
an analyte-responsive sensing layer proximate the working electrode, the sensing layer at least partially disposed between the working electrode and the top layer and extending to the peripheral edge of the sensor, so that contact with the glucose occurs only at the peripheral edge of the sensor, the sensing layer comprising glucose oxidase and a redox polymer.
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Abstract
An in vivo electrochemical sensor including a working electrode, and an analyte-responsive sensing layer proximate the working electrode. The sensing layer is exposed at an edge of the sensor, wherein the sensor signal is limited, at least in part, by mass transport of analyte to the sensing layer. The sensor is configured and arranged for implantation into the body of a mammal for contact with body fluids of the mammal. The analyte diffuses to the sensing element via the edge of the sensor, thereby restricting mass transport of the analyte to the sensing element. This is because the solution-contacting surface area of the sensor edge is much smaller than an open face of the sensing layer.
1591 Citations
25 Claims
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1. An electrochemical sensor for subcutaneous glucose sensing, the sensor comprising:
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a planar body having a top layer permeable to oxygen and impervious to glucose, a base layer impervious to glucose, and a peripheral edge;
a working electrode disposed between the top layer and the base layer; and
an analyte-responsive sensing layer proximate the working electrode, the sensing layer at least partially disposed between the working electrode and the top layer and extending to the peripheral edge of the sensor, so that contact with the glucose occurs only at the peripheral edge of the sensor, the sensing layer comprising glucose oxidase and a redox polymer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method of determining the concentration of glucose in a body fluid of a mammal, the method comprising:
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providing an electrochemical sensor comprising a planar body, a top layer permeable to oxygen and impervious to glucose, a base layer impervious to glucose, a working electrode between the top layer and the base layer, and an analyte-responsive sensing layer comprising glucose oxidase and redox polyer proximate the working electrode and between the working electrode and the top layer, the sensing layer exposed for contact with analyte only at a peripheral edge of the sensor;
implanting at least a portion of the sensor into the body of the mammal such that the edge of the sensor contacts body fluid of the mammal; and
measuring the concentration of the glucose in body fluid of the mammal using the sensor. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. An electrochemical sensor for subcutaneous glucose sensing, the sensor comprising:
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a planar body having a top layer permeable to oxygen and impervious to glucose, and a base layer impervious to glucose;
a working electrode disposed between the top layer and the base layer; and
an analyte-responsive sensing layer comprising glucose oxidase and a redox polymer proximate the working electrode between the top layer and the working electrode, wherein the sensor defines a channel having therein an inner peripheral surface extending into the sensor, and wherein the sensing layer is exposed for contact with analyte only at a portion of the inner peripheral surface of the channel.
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19. An electrochemical sensor for subcutaneous glucose sensing, the sensor comprising:
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a planar sensor body having an outer portion impervious to glucose and at least a part of which is permeable to oxygen, and a peripheral edge;
a working electrode disposed within the sensor body; and
an analyte-responsive sensing layer comprising glucose oxidase and redox polymer disposed at least partially between the outer portion and the working electrode and extending to the peripheral edge of the sensor for contact with glucose only at the edge of the sensor. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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Specification