Electrode system for improved detection of pad contact and artifact detection or removal

• US 6,658,291 B2
• Filed: 04/08/1999
• Issued: 12/02/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Snyder, David E
• Primary Examiner(s): EVANISKO, GEORGE ROBERT
• Application Number:
  US09/288,581
• Publication Number:
  US 20010051821A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,699 Days
• Field of Search: 607/142, 607/145, 607/115, 607/148, 607/152, 607/7, 607/8, 607/28, 600/372, 600/393
• US Class Current: 607/8
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/259 using conductive adhesive means, e.g. gels
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/276 Protection against electrode failure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7207 of noise induced by motion artifacts
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/046 Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0492 Patch electrodes A61N1/0412, A61N1/0428 take precedence

Abstract

This invention relates generally to medical electrode systems. In particular, the electrodes of this invention are capable of delivering synchronized cardioversion energy pulses as well as defibrillation energy pulses to a patient. The electrodes of this invention are appropriate for use with an automatic or semi-automatic external defibrillator (“AED”) as well as defibrillators capable of cardioversion. At least one electrode in an electrode set has a substrate with an adhesive surface, and conductors in communication with the substrate. The electrode further has a plurality of conductive elements electrode elements disposed on a substrate wherein each electrode element is in a spatial relationship to each other and electrically connected to the conductors, further the spatial relationship of the conductors facilitates the determination of an overall electrode pad attachment quality. A method of using the electrodes of this invention is also described.

Claims

1. A medical electrode pad comprising:

a substrate with an adhesive surface;

a conductive electrode island disposed on the substrate; and

a conductive electrode disposed on the substrate, the conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode having a spatial relationship so that the conductive electrode is spaced apart from and surrounding the conductive electrode island;

a voltage source for supplying voltage to the conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode via a pair of conductors;

artifact reference signal detection means for detecting a voltage difference between the conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode and for determining an electrode pad attachment quality; and

said pair of conductors for providing said voltage to the electrode conductive island and the conductive electrode, said pair of conductors being in communication with the substrate and coupled to the conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode, respectively, so that a first conductor of the pair of conductors is coupled to the conductive electrode island and a second conductor is coupled to the conductive electrode; and

wherein said determination of electrode pad attachment quality n is a function of;

(1) one of skin resistivity and a resistance between the conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode, and skin conductance and a conductance between the conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode, (2) width of the space between the conductive electrode and the conductive electrode island, and (3) an effective perimeter of space surrounding the conductive electrode island.

2. The medical electrode apparatus of claim 1 wherein the conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode have an annular spatial relationship to each other.

3. The medical electrode apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a second conductive electrode island disposed on the substrate such that the second conductive electrode island is spaced apart from and surrounded by the conductive electrode.

4. The medical electrode apparatus of claim 3 wherein the second conductive electrode island and the conductive electrode have an annular spatial relationship to each other.