Device incorporating a microfluidic chip for separating analyte from a sample
First Claim
1. A device for extracting an analyte from a sample, the device comprising a cartridge having:
- a) a first flow path that includes a flow-through chip for extracting the analyte from the sample, the chip comprising a body having formed therein;
i) an extraction chamber;
ii) at least one inlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber;
iii) at least one outlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber, wherein the inlet and outlet ports permit liquid flow through the extraction chamber and out of the chip; and
iv) an array of microstructures extending into the extraction chamber for capturing the analyte from the sample as the sample flows through the chip and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid as the elution fluid flows through the chip, wherein each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio (ratio of height to width or diameter) of at least 2;
1;
b) an elution flow path for eluting the captured analyte from the chip, wherein the elution flow path passes through the chip and diverges from the first flow path after passing through the chip; and
c) at least one flow controller positioned downstream of the at least one outlet port to direct the remaining sample fluid, from which the analyte has been separated, to flow in the first flow path after the sample flows through the chip and to direct the eluted analyte to flow in the diverging elution flow path.
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Abstract
A device for separating an analyte from a fluid sample comprises a cartridge incorporating a flow-through microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip includes an extraction chamber having an array of microstructures for capturing the analyte and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid. Each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio of at least 2:1. The cartridge also includes channels and at least one low controller (e.g., one or more valves) for directing the flow of the sample and elution fluid through the microfluidic chip. The cartridge may optionally include a lysing region for lysing sample components (e.g., cells spores, or microorganisms), a waste chamber for storing waste fluid, and reaction or detection chambers for amplifying or detecting the analyte.
528 Citations
104 Claims
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1. A device for extracting an analyte from a sample, the device comprising a cartridge having:
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a) a first flow path that includes a flow-through chip for extracting the analyte from the sample, the chip comprising a body having formed therein;
i) an extraction chamber;
ii) at least one inlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber;
iii) at least one outlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber, wherein the inlet and outlet ports permit liquid flow through the extraction chamber and out of the chip; and
iv) an array of microstructures extending into the extraction chamber for capturing the analyte from the sample as the sample flows through the chip and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid as the elution fluid flows through the chip, wherein each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio (ratio of height to width or diameter) of at least 2;
1;
b) an elution flow path for eluting the captured analyte from the chip, wherein the elution flow path passes through the chip and diverges from the first flow path after passing through the chip; and
c) at least one flow controller positioned downstream of the at least one outlet port to direct the remaining sample fluid, from which the analyte has been separated, to flow in the first flow path after the sample flows through the chip and to direct the eluted analyte to flow in the diverging elution flow path. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 32)
i) a first flow controller for controlling fluid flow through the first flow path; - and
ii) a second flow controller for controlling fluid flow through the diverging elution flow path.
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32. The device of claim 21, wherein the reaction vessel contains dried or lyophilized reagents.
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27. A device for extracting an analyte from a sample, the device comprising a cartridge having
a) a first flow path that includes: -
i) a lysing region for lysing sample components to produce a lysate containing the analyte; and
ii) a flow-through chip for extracting the analyte from the lysate, the chip comprising a body having formed therein;
i) an extraction chamber;
ii) at least one inlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber;
iii) at least one outlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber, wherein the inlet and outlet ports permit liquid flow through the extraction chamber and out of the chip; and
iv) an array of microstructures extending into the extraction chamber for capturing the analyte from the lysate as the lysate flows through the chip and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid as the elution fluid flows through the chip, wherein each of the microstructures has an aspect ration (ratio of height to width or diameter) of at least 2;
1;
b) a waste chamber for receiving waste fluid from the chip via the first flow path;
c) a second flow path for eluting the captured analyte from the chip, wherein the second flow path passes through the chip and diverges from the first flow path after passing through the chip; and
d) at least one flow controller, positioned downstream of the at least one outlet port, for;
i) directing the waste fluid exiting the chip to flow into the waste chamber and ii) directing the elution fluid exiting the chip to flow along the second flow path. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50)
i) a first flow controller for controlling fluid flow through the first flow path; and
ii) a second flow controller fluid flow through the second flow path.
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51. A device for extracting an analyte from a sample, the device comprising a cartridge having:
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a) at least one flow path that includes a flow-through chip for extracting the analyte, the chip comprising a body having formed therein;
i) an extraction chamber;
ii) at least one inlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber;
iii) at least one outlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber, wherein the inlet and outlet ports permit liquid flow through the extraction chamber and out of the chip; and
iv) an array of microstructures extending into the extraction chamber for capturing the analyte and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid, wherein each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio (ratio of height to width or diameter) of at least 2;
1;
b) a waste chamber for receiving waste fluid from the chip;
c) a third chamber for receiving the analyte eluted from the chip; and
d) at least one flow controller positioned downstream of the at least one outlet port for directing the waste fluid exiting the chip to flow into the waste chamber and for directing the eluted analyte to flow into the third chamber. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68)
i) a first valve for controlling fluid flow through the first flow path; and
ii) a second valve for controlling fluid flow through the second flow path.
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68. The device of claim 51, wherein the body of the chip comprises an electrically conductive material, and wherein the device further comprises electrodes for applying a voltage across at least one portion of the body to heat the microstructures.
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69. A device for extracting an analyte from a sample, the device comprising a cartridge having:
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a) a lysing region for lysing sample components to produce a lysate containing the analyte;
b) a flow-through chip for extracting the analyte from the lysate, the chip comprising a body having formed therein;
i) an extraction chamber;
ii) at least one inlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber;
iii) at least one outlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber, wherein the inlet and outlet ports permit liquid flow through the extraction chamber and out of the chip; and
iv) an array of microstructures extending into the extraction chamber for capturing the analyte from the lysate as the lysate flows through the chip and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid as the elution fluid flows through the chip, wherein each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio (ratio of height to width or diameter) of at least 2;
1;
c) a waste chamber for receiving waste fluid from the chip;
d) a third chamber for receiving the analyte eluted from the chip; and
e) flow control means for;
i) directing the lysate to flow from the lysing region through the chip, thereby capturing the analyte in the lysate with the microstructures in the extraction chamber;
ii) directing the lysate that has flowed through the chip to flow into the waste chamber;
iii) directing the elution fluid to flow through the chip thereby eluting the analyte from the chip; and
iv) directing the eluted analyte to flow into the third chamber. - View Dependent Claims (70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90)
ii) a first valve for controlling fluid flow through the first flow path; and
ii) a second valve for controlling fluid flow through the second flow path.
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88. The device of claim 69, further comprising an instrument for receiving the cartridge, wherein the instrument includes at least one fluid motive source for forcing fluids to flow in the cartridge.
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89. The device of claim 69, wherein the cartridge includes at least one integrated fluid motive source for forcing fluids to flow within the cartridge.
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90. The device of claim 69, wherein the body of the chip comprises an electrically conductive material, and wherein the device further comprises electrodes for applying a voltage across at least one portion of the body to heat the microstructures.
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91. A device for separating an analyte from a sample, the device comprising a cartridge having:
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a) a first flow path that includes a flow-through chip for capturing the analyte, the chip comprising a body having formed therein;
i) an extraction chamber;
ii) at least one inlet port in fluid communication with the extraction chamber;
iii) at least one outlet port in fluid communication with extraction chamber, wherein the inlet and outlet ports permit liquid flow through the extraction chamber and out of the chip; and
iv) an array of microstructures extending into the extraction chamber for capturing the analyte, wherein each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio (ratio of height to width or diameter) of at least 2;
1;
b) an elution flow path for eluting the captured analyte from the chip, wherein the elution flow path after passing through the chip and diverges from the first flow path after passing through the chip; and
c) at least one flow directing waste fluid exiting the chip to flow outlet port, for directing waste fluid exiting the chip to flow in the first flow path and for directing the analyte eluted from the chip to flow in the diverging elution flow path. - View Dependent Claims (92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104)
i) a first flow controller for controlling fluid flow through the first flow path; - and
ii) a second flow controller for controlling fluid flow through the diverging elution flow path.
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104. The device of claim 91, wherein the body of the chip comprises an electrically conductive material, and wherein the device further comprises electrodes for applying a voltage across at least one portion of the body to heat the microstructures.
Specification