Method and apparatus for positioning pulses over time by applying time-hopping codes having pre-defined characteristics
First Claim
1. A method of positioning pulses over time, comprising the steps of:
- specifying pulse positioning over time in accordance with a time layout subdivided into at least a first time component and a second time component;
applying a first time-hopping code having first pre-defined properties in relation to said first time component; and
applying a second time-hopping code having second pre-defined properties in relation to said second time component.
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Abstract
A method for positioning pulses over time (via a time layout) applies time-hopping codes having pre-defined characteristics. The time layout can be sequentially subdivided into at least first and second time components that have the same or different sizes. The method applies a first time-hopping code having first pre-defined properties to the first time component and a second time-hopping code having second pre-defined properties to the second time component. The pre-defined properties may relate to the auto-correlation property, the cross-correlation property, and spectral properties, as examples. The codes can be used to specify subcomponents within a frame, and positions (range-based, or discrete) within the subcomponents, where the pulses are positioned.
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Citations
62 Claims
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1. A method of positioning pulses over time, comprising the steps of:
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specifying pulse positioning over time in accordance with a time layout subdivided into at least a first time component and a second time component;
applying a first time-hopping code having first pre-defined properties in relation to said first time component; and
applying a second time-hopping code having second pre-defined properties in relation to said second time component. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
a same size; and
a different size, in relation to one another.
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3. The method of claim 1, wherein said time layout is sequentially subdivided into at least a first time component and a second time component.
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4. The method of claim 3, wherein said first and second subdivision time components are any one of:
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a same size; and
a different size, in relation to one another.
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5. The method of claim 1, wherein said first pre-defined properties relate to a correlation property of the pulses.
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6. The method of claim 5, wherein said correlation property is an auto-correlation property of the pulses.
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7. The method of claim 5, wherein said correlation property is a cross-correlation property.
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8. The method of claim 1, wherein said second pre-defined properties relate to a different correlation property that the first pre-defined properties.
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9. The method of claim 8, wherein said different correlation property is an auto-correlation property.
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10. The method of claim 8, wherein said different correlation property is a cross-correlation property.
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11. The method of claim 1, wherein said second pre-defined properties relate to a spectral property.
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12. The method of claim 1, wherein said first pre-defined properties relate to a spectral property, and wherein said second pre-defined properties relate to at least one of said spectral property and a different spectral property.
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13. The method of claim 1, wherein said first time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable autocorrelation properties.
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14. The method of claim 13, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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a Welch-Costas Array code generation technique;
a Golomb-Costas Array code generation technique; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code generation technique.
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15. The method of claim 1, wherein said second time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable cross-correlation properties.
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16. The method of claim 15, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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a Quadratic Congruential code generation technique;
a Linear Congruential code generation technique; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code generation technique.
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17. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said first and said second time-hopping codes is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable spectral properties.
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18. The method of claim 17, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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linear congruential pseudorandom number generator technique;
additive lagged-Fibonacci pseudorandom number generator technique;
linear feedback shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
lagged-Fibonacci shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
chaotic code pseudorandom number generator technique; and
optimal Golomb ruler code pseudorandom number generator technique.
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19. The method of claim 1, wherein said first time-hopping code specifies a partition within a value range layout, and
wherein said second time-hopping code specifies a range value within said partition. -
20. The method of claim 19, wherein said partition is any one of:
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a frame;
a subcomponent of a frame; and
any smaller component of a subcomponent of a frame.
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21. The method of claim 1, wherein said first time-hopping code specifies a partition within a value range layout, and
wherein said second time-hopping code specifies a discrete value within said partition. -
22. The method of claim 21, wherein said partition is any one of:
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a frame;
a subcomponent of a frame; and
any smaller component of a subcomponent of a frame.
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23. The method of claim 21, wherein said first time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable auto-correlation properties.
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24. The method of claim 23, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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a Welch-Costas code generation technique;
a Golomb-Costas code generation technique;
a Quadratic Congruential code generation technique;
a Linear Congruential code generation technique; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code generation technique.
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25. The method of claim 21, wherein said second time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable spectral properties.
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26. The method of claim 25, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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linear congruential pseudorandom number generator technique;
additive lagged-Fibonacci pseudorandom number generator technique;
linear feedback shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
lagged-Fibonacci shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
chaotic code pseudorandom number generator technique; and
optimal Golomb ruler code pseudorandom number generator technique.
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27. The method of claim 1, wherein said first time-hopping code specifying a positioning of the pulses is repeated until an event occurs, whereupon said second time-hopping code is repeated to specify another positioning of the pulses.
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28. The method of claim 27, wherein the first time-hopping code is any one of:
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a Welch-Costas code;
a Golomb-Costas code; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code.
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29. The method of claim 27, wherein the said event is signal acquisition.
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30. The method of claim 27, wherein the second time-hopping code is any one of:
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a Quadratic Congruential code;
a Linear Congruential code; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code.
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31. The method of claim 1, wherein a combination comprising said first time-hopping code specifying a positioning of the pulses and said second time-hopping code specifying a second positioning of the pulses is repeated.
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32. An impulse transmission system comprising:
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a Time Modulated Ultra Wideband Transmitter;
a Time Modulated Ultra Wideband Receiver; and
said Time Modulated Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Time Modulated Ultra Wideband Receiver employ at least a first and second time-hopping code, wherein said first and second time-hopping codes specify pulse positioning over time in accordance with a time layout subdivided into at least a first and second time component, said first time-hopping code having first pre-defined properties is applied to said first time component, and said second time-hopping code having second pre-defined properties is applied to said second time component.- View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62)
a same size; and
a different size, in relation to one another.
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34. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said time layout is sequentially subdivided into at least a first time component and a second time component.
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35. The impulse transmission system of claim 34, wherein said first and second subdivision time components are any one of:
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a same size; and
a different size, in relation to one another.
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36. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said first pre-defined properties relate to a correlation property of the pulses.
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37. The impulse transmission system of claim 36, wherein said correlation property is an auto-correlation property of the pulses.
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38. The impulse transmission system of claim 36, wherein said correlation property is a cross-correlation property.
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39. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said second pre-defined properties relate to a different correlation property.
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40. The impulse transmission system of claim 39, wherein said different correlation property is an auto-correlation property.
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41. The impulse transmission system of claim 39, wherein said different correlation property is a cross-correlation property.
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42. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said second pre-defined properties relate to a spectral property.
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43. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said first pre-defined properties relate to a spectral property, and wherein said second pre-defined properties relate to at least one of said spectral property and a different spectral property.
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44. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said first time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable autocorrelation properties.
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45. The impulse transmission system of claim 44, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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a Welch-Costas Array code generation technique;
a Golomb-Costas Array code generation technique; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code generation technique.
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46. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said second time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable cross-correlation properties.
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47. The impulse transmission system of claim 46, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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a Quadratic Congruential code generation technique;
a Linear Congruential code generation technique; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code generation technique.
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48. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein at least one of said first and said second time-hopping codes is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable spectral properties.
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49. The impulse transmission system of claim 48, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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linear congruential pseudorandom number generator technique;
additive lagged-Fibonacci pseudorandom number generator technique;
linear feedback shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
lagged-Fibonacci shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
chaotic code pseudorandom number generator technique; and
optimal Golomb ruler code pseudorandom number generator technique.
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50. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said first time-hopping code specifies a partition within a value range layout, and
wherein said second time-hopping code specifies a range value within said partition. -
51. The impulse transmission system of claim 50, wherein said partition is any one of:
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a frame;
a subcomponent of a frame; and
any smaller component of a subcomponent of a frame.
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52. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said first time-hopping code specifies a partition within a value range layout, and
wherein said second time-hopping code specifies a discrete value within said partition. -
53. The impulse transmission system of claim 52, wherein said partition is any one of:
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a frame;
a subcomponent of a frame; and
any smaller component of a subcomponent of a frame.
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54. The impulse transmission system of claim 52, wherein said first time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable auto-correlation properties.
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55. The impulse transmission system of claim 54, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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a Welch-Costas code generation technique;
a Golomb-Costas code generation technique;
a Quadratic Congruential code generation technique;
a Linear Congruential code generation technique; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code generation technique.
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56. The impulse transmission system of claim 52, wherein said second time-hopping code is generated using a numerical code generation technique with desirable spectral properties.
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57. The impulse transmission system of claim 56, wherein said numerical code generation technique comprises at least one of:
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linear congruential pseudorandom number generator technique;
additive lagged-Fibonacci pseudorandom number generator technique;
linear feedback shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
lagged-Fibonacci shift register pseudorandom number generator technique;
chaotic code pseudorandom number generator technique; and
optimal Golomb ruler code pseudorandom number generator technique.
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58. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein said first time-hopping code specifying a positioning of the pulses is repeated until an event occurs, whereupon said second time-hopping code is repeated to specify another positioning of the pulses.
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59. The impulse transmission system of claim 58, wherein the first time-hopping code is any one of:
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a Welch-Costas code;
a Golomb-Costas code; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code.
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60. The impulse transmission system of claim 58, wherein the said event is signal acquisition.
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61. The impulse transmission system of claim 58, wherein the second time-hopping code is any one of:
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a Quadratic Congruential code;
a Linear Congruential code; and
a Hyperbolic Congruential code.
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62. The impulse transmission system of claim 32, wherein a combination comprising said first time-hopping code specifying a positioning of the pulses and said second time-hopping code specifying a second positioning of the pulses is repeated.
Specification