Perfusion cannula, method and system

• US 6,676,650 B1
• Filed: 09/22/1999
• Issued: 01/13/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 09/22/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cardiacassist Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: Cardiacassist Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Inventors: Davis, Richard, Magovern, James A., Griffin, Wayne P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Casler, Brian L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): WILLIAMS, CATHERINE SERKE
• Application Number:
  US09/400,800
• Time in Patent Office: 1,574 Days
• Field of Search: 604/93.01, 604/103.03, 604/103.08, 604/264, 604/268, 604/506-510, 604/27-28, 604/30, 604/48, 604/500, 604/96.01, 604/102.01, 604/104-109, 604/131, 604/164.04, 604/151-155, 604/523, 604/532, 604/541-544, 606/191, 606/194
• US Class Current: 604/508
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/006 having a special surface topography or special surface properties, e.g. roughened or knurled surface
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0021 characterised by the form of the tubing A61M25/0054 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0041 pre-formed, e.g. specially adapted to fit with the anatomy of body channels urethral catheters A61F2/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0068 Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/007 Side holes, e.g. their profiles or arrangements; Provisions to keep side holes unblocked

Abstract

A perfusion cannula for treating a patient. The, cannula includes a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow. The tube has a proximal end. The tube has a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and at least a first perfusion hole disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube. The cannula includes a widener extending from the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube. The inner diameter of the tube is smooth and continuous and has a circular, cross-section throughout. The widener is in spaced relation from the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the first perfusion hole wherein fluid in able to escape from the first perfusion hole without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel wall. A perfusion cannula for treating a patient having at least a first ridge. A system for treating a patient. A method for treating a patient.

Claims

1. A system for treating a patient comprising:

a perfusion cannula comprising;

a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow, said tube having a proximal end, said tube having a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and at least a first perfusion hole disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube, said tube having an outer diameter and an inner diameter; and

a widener extending from the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube, said inner diameter of the tube smooth and continuous and having a circular cross-section throughout, said widener in spaced relation from the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the first perfusion hole and adopted for fluid to be able to escape from the first perfusion hole without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel but allowing the vessel wall to close upon the tube between the first perfusion hole and the primary hole wherein fluid escaping from the first perfusion hole contacts the vessel wall about the tube and is stopped by the vessel wall from moving past the vessel wall and past the primary hole, said tube having a rigid bend in proximity to the widener; and

a pump mechanism adapted for pumping fluid into the cannula and out of the first perfusion hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a second direction through the leg of the patient, and out the primary hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a first direction through the body of the patient when the cannula is inserted in the vessel, said pump mechanism connected to the cannula.

2. The cannula as described in claim 1 wherein the widener and the tube are one continuous piece.

3. The system as described in claim 1 wherein the pump mechanism pumps fluid from the cannula at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min.

4. A system for treating a patient comprising:

a perfusion cannula comprising;

a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow, said tube having a proximal end, said tube having a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and at least a first perfusion hole disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube; and

at least a first ridge disposed on the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube, said first ridge in spaced relation from the primary hole of the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the first perfusion hole and adapted for wherein fluid to be able to escape from the first perfusion hole without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel but allowing the vessel wall to close upon the tube between the first perfusion hole and the primary hole wherein fluid escaping from the first perfusion hole contacts the vessel wall about the tube and is stopped by the vessel wall from moving past the vessel wall and past the primary hole, the tube has a rigid bend in proximity to the first ridge; and

a pump mechanism adapted for pumping fluid into the cannula and out of the first perfusion hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a second direction through the leg of the patient, and out the primary hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a first direction through the body of the patient when the cannula is inserted in the vessel, said pump mechanism connected to the cannula.

5. The system as described in claim 4 wherein the pump mechanism pumps fluid from the cannula at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min.

6. The cannula as described in claim 5 wherein the first ridge and the tube are one continuous piece.

7. A cannula as described in claim 6 wherein the tube has a distal bend remote from the ridge bend and from the proximal end.

8. The cannula as described in claim 6 including a second ridge and a third ridge;

said first ridge, second ridge and third ridge disposed equidistant from each other on the outer surface of the tube.

9. The cannula as described in claim 8 including a second perfusion hole and a third perfusion hole disposed in the tube wall and between the first ridge and second ridge, and between the second ridge and third ridge, respectively.

10. The cannula as described in claim 9 including a fourth ridge;

said first ridge, second ridge, third ridge and fourth ridge disposed equidistant from each other on the outer surface of the tube.

11. The cannula as described in claim 10 including a fourth perfusion hole disposed in the tube wall and between the third ridge and fourth ridge.

12. The cannula as described in claim 11 wherein the tube has a longitudinal axis and wherein the first ridge, second ridge, third ridge and fourth ridge are in parallel with each other and are in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the tube;

said second ridge, third ridge and fourth ridge in spaced relation from the primary hole.

13. The cannula as described in claim 12 wherein the first ridge is at least one centimeter from the proximal end.

14. The cannula as described in claim 13 wherein the first ridge is approximately three centimeters long.

15. A system for treating a patient comprising:

a perfusion cannula comprising a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow, said tube having a proximal end, said tube having a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and a plurality of perfusion holes disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube; and

a plurality of ridges disposed on the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube, the ridges in spaced relation from the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the plurality of perfusion holes which are disposed between the ridges wherein fluid is able to escape from the plurality of perfusion holes without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel, the tube has a rigid bend in proximity to the ridges; and

a pump mechanism for pumping fluid into the cannula, said pump mechanism connected to the cannula.

16. The system as described in claim 15 wherein the pump mechanism pumps fluid from the cannula at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min.

17. A method for treating a patient comprising the steps of:

inserting a tube through the skin of the patient into the femoral artery of the patient so ridges on the outside of the tube contact the inner wall of the femoral artery and create channels between the outer surface of the tube, the ridges and the inner surface of the femoral artery, and the inner surface of the femoral artery contacts the outer surface of the tube between a proximal end of the tube and the ridges on the tube;

maintaining the tube in the femoral artery; and

pumping blood with a pump through the tube while the tube is maintained in the femoral artery so the blood flows with enough pressure out a primary hole of the tube in proximity to the proximal end of the tube in a first direction toward the body in the artery and blood flows with enough pressure out perfusion holes in the wall of the tube between the ridges into the channels where blood flows along the channels to a location where the inner surface of the artery makes contact with the outer surface of the tube and is directed back along the channels in a second direction in the artery to the leg opposite the first direction.

18. The method as described in claim 17 wherein the pumping step includes the step of pumping fluid from the tube at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min.

19. A method for treating a patient comprising the steps of:

inserting a tube into the femoral artery of the patient;

contacting the outer surface of the tube with the inner surface of the artery at a location;

maintaining the tube in the femoral artery;

forcing fluid into the tube with a pump while the tube is maintained in the femoral artery so the fluid flows into the artery out a primary hole at a proximal end of the tube in a first direction with enough pressure to flow through the body of the patient, and out perfusion holes in the tube into channels defined by the outer surface of the tube, ridges on the outer surface of the tube and the inner surface of the artery with enough pressure to flow through the leg of the patient;

following fluid along the channels to the location; and

diverting the fluid from the location in a second direction in the artery toward the leg opposite the first direction toward the body.

20. The method as described in claim 19 wherein the forcing step includes the step of forcing fluid from the tube at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min.

21. A system for treating a patient comprising:

a perfusion cannula comprising;

a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow, said tube having a proximal end, said tube having a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and at least a first perfusion hole disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube, said tube having an outer diameter and an inner diameter; and

a widener extending from the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube, said inner diameter of the tube smooth and continuous and having a circular cross-section throughout, said widener in spaced relation from the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the first perfusion hole and adopted for fluid to be able to escape from the first perfusion hole without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel but allowing the vessel wall to close upon the tube between the first perfusion hole and the primary hole wherein fluid escaping from the first perfusion hole contacts the vessel wall about the tube and is stopped by the vessel wall from moving past the vessel wall and past the primary hole; and

a pump mechanism adapted for pumping fluid into the cannula and out of the first perfusion hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a second direction through the leg of the patient, and out the primary hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a first direction through the body of the patient when the cannula is inserted in the vessel, the pump mechanism pumps fluid from the cannula at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the first perfusion hole at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min, said pump mechanism connected to the cannula.

22. A system for treating a patient comprising:

a perfusion cannula comprising;

a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow, said tube having a proximal end, said tube having a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and at least a first perfusion hole disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube; and

at least a first ridge disposed on the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube, said first ridge in spaced relation from the primary hole of the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the first perfusion hole and adapted for wherein fluid to be able to escape from the first perfusion hole without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel but allowing the vessel wall to close upon the tube between the first perfusion hole and the primary hole wherein fluid escaping from the first perfusion hole contacts the vessel wall about the tube and is stopped by the vessel wall from moving past the vessel wall and past the primary hole; and

a pump mechanism adapted for pumping fluid into the cannula and out of the first perfusion hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a second direction through the leg of the patient, and out the primary hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a first direction through the body of the patient when the cannula is inserted in the vessel, the pump mechanism pumps fluid from the cannula at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the first perfusion hole at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min, said pump mechanism connected to the cannula.

23. A method for treating a patient comprising the steps of:

inserting a tube through the skin of the patient into the femoral artery of the patient so ridges on the outside of the tube contact the inner wall of the femoral artery and create channels between the outer surface of the tube, the ridges and the inner surface of the femoral artery, and the inner surface of the femoral artery contacts the outer surface of the tube between a proximal end of the tube and the ridges on the tube; and

pumping blood with a pump through the tube at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min so the blood flows with enough pressure out a primary hole of the tube in proximity to the proximal end of the tube in a first direction toward the body in the artery and blood flows at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min with enough pressure out perfusion holes in the wall of the tube between the ridges into the channels where blood flows along the channels to a location where the inner surface of the artery makes contact with the outer surface of the tube and is directed back along the channels in a second direction in the artery to the leg opposite the first direction.

24. A method for treating a patient comprising the steps of:

inserting a tube into the femoral artery of the patient;

contacting the outer surface of the tube with the inner surface of the artery at a location;

forcing fluid into the tube with a pump so the fluid flows at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min into the artery out a primary hole at a proximal end of the tube in a first direction with enough pressure to flow through the body of the patient, and out perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min in the tube into channels defined by the outer surface of the tube, ridges on the outer surface of the tube and the inner surface of the artery with enough pressure to flow through the leg of the patient;

following fluid along the channels to the location; and

diverting the fluid from the location in a second direction in the artery toward the leg opposite the first direction toward the body.

25. A system for treating a patient comprising:

a perfusion cannula comprising a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow, said tube having a proximal end, said tube having a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and a plurality of perfusion holes disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube; and

a plurality of ridges disposed on the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube, the ridges in spaced relation from the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the plurality of perfusion holes which are disposed between the ridges wherein fluid is able to escape from the plurality of perfusion holes without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel; and

a pump mechanism for pumping fluid into the cannula, the pump mechanism pumps fluid from the cannula at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min, said pump mechanism connected to the cannula.

26. A system for treating a patient comprising:

a perfusion cannula comprising a hollow tube adapted for insertion into a vessel of the patient and adapted for fluid flow, said tube having a proximal end, said tube having a primary hole disposed in proximity to the proximal end for release of fluid from the tube and a plurality of perfusion holes disposed in the tube wall for release of fluid from the tube, said tube having an outer diameter and an inner diameter; and

a pump mechanism adapted for pumping fluid into the cannula and out of the plurality of perfusion holes with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a second direction through the leg of the patient, and out the primary hole with enough pressure to travel in the vessel in a first direction through the body of the patient when the cannula is inserted in the vessel, the pump mechanism pumps fluid from the cannula at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min and fluid from the perfusion holes at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min, said pump mechanism connected to the cannula.

27. A system as described in claim 26 wherein the perfusion cannula includes a widener extending from the outer surface of the tube and effectively extending the outer diameter of the tube, said inner diameter of the tube. smooth and continuous and having a circular cross-section throughout, said widener in spaced relation from the proximal end and in proximity to and in operational relation with the perfusion holes and adopted for fluid to be able to escape from the perfusion holes without obstruction by the vessel wall when the tube is in the vessel but allowing the vessel wall to close upon the tube between the perfusion holes and the primary hole wherein fluid escaping from the perfusion holes contacts the vessel wall about the tube and is stopped by the vessel wall from moving past the vessel wall and past the primary hole.

28. A method for treating a patient comprising the steps of:

inserting a tube through the skin of the patient into the femoral artery of the patient; and

pumping blood with a pump through the tube at a total flow rate between 2-5 L/min so the blood flows with enough pressure out a primary hole of the tube in proximity to the proximal end of the tube in a first direction toward the body in the artery and blood flows at a flow rate between 100 cc/min and 500 cc/min with enough pressure out perfusion holes in the wall of the tube and is directed in a second direction in the artery to the leg opposite the first direction.