Intra-train communication network

• US 6,680,918 B1
• Filed: 09/07/1999
• Issued: 01/20/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 09/07/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: New York Air Brake Corporation (Knorr-Bremse GmbH)
• Original Assignee: New York Air Brake Corporation (Knorr-Bremse GmbH)
• Inventors: Haley, John E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pezzlo, John
• Application Number:
  US09/390,699
• Time in Patent Office: 1,596 Days
• Field of Search: 370/346, 370/432, 370/316, 370/312, 370/278, 370/282, 455/519, 455/500, 246/182.R, 246/122.R, 105/61, 701/20, 701/2, 701/35, 303/3, 340/425.5, 89/1, 898/15
• US Class Current: 370/282
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 15/0027 Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/403 with centralised control, e.g. polling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/40293 the transportation system being a train
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/604 Address structures or formats
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5038 for local use, e.g. in LAN or USB networks, or in a controller area network [CAN]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5046 Resolving address allocation conflicts; Testing of addresses testing when self-assigning an address H04L61/5092
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5061 Pools of addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/16 Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/00 Network topologies

Abstract

An intra-train communication network comprising a plurality of transceiver units on individual vehicles of the train. A master unit initially transmits queries, including a first ID from a first group of ID'"'"'s, to the slave units using a second ID from a second group of ID'"'"'s, and subsequently transmits queries using the first ID from the first group. The slave units initially listens for queries using the second ID from the second group, responds using the second ID and subsequently listens for and responds using the first ID.

Claims

1. A method of communicating between a master unit and one or more slave units in a network, the method comprising:

transmitting, from the master unit to a slave unit, queries using a first network ID of a first group of network ID'"'"'s;

transmitting, from the slave unit to the master unit, a response using the first network ID if the slave unit is listening for the first network ID;

transmitting, from the master unit to an addressed slave unit, a query, which includes identification of the first network ID in a data portion of the query, using a second network ID of a second group of network ID'"'"'s if the master unit does not receive the response to the queries using the first network ID from the slave unit in a first time period; and

transmitting, from the addressed slave unit to the master unit, a response to the query which included the first network ID in the data portion of the query using the second network ID and then changing to listening for and transmitting using the first network ID.

2. A method according to claim 1, including switching a slave unit to listen for an available network ID in the second group if the slave unit has not received a query within a second time period.

3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the first and second periods are approximately 6 minutes depending upon the number of IDs in the second group.

4. A method according to claim 2, including determining an available network ID in the second group for the slave unit for listening as a network ID in the second group which is in use as a network ID for no longer than a third time period.

5. A method according to claim 2, wherein the slave unit is alternately switched to listening for an available network ID in the second group and for the first network ID of the first group if the slave unit has not received a query within the second time period.

6. A method according to claim 1, including switching a slave unit to listen for an available network ID in the second group upon initialization.

7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the first group has at least 100 ID'"'"'s and the second group has no more than 10 ID'"'"'s.

8. A method according to claim 1, including determining the first network ID of the first group as an ID in the first group which is not in use as a network ID during a fourth period of time.

9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the fourth period of time is in the range of 5 to 50 seconds.

10. A method according to claim 1, including storing in the master unit a list of all units in the network, and only processing responses received from a unit in the list.

11. A method according to claim 1, including changing the master unit to a slave unit (a) if the master unit has detected its change as a master unit may be needed for a fifth period or (b) if the master unit has pending a change as a master unit and one of the slave units has communicated over the network a query to become a new master unit.

12. A method according to claim 1, including transmitting, from the master unit to all the slave units, the query, which includes identification of the first network ID in the data portion of the query, using network ID'"'"'s of the second group if the master unit does not receive a response to the queries using the first network ID from any of the slave units in the first time period.

13. A method according to claim 1, including transmitting, from the master unit to all the slave units, the query, which includes identification of the first network ID in the data portion of the query, using network ID'"'"'s of the second group if them master unit does not receive the response to the queries using the first network ID from at least one of the slave units in a first time period and a speed of the train is zero.

14. A method of initializing a communicating network including a plurality of units, the method comprising:

setting each unit to listen for a network ID of a first group of network ID'"'"'s as a slave unit;

selecting one of the units as a master unit;

determining an available second network ID of a second group of network ID'"'"'s;

transmitting, from the master unit to all slave units using at least one network ID from the first group, a message including the second network ID in a data portion of the message; and

resetting each unit to listen for and communicate using the second network ID of the second group.

15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the network is on a train, and selecting the master unit includes determining an active state of an equalization reservoir on a vehicle in the train.

16. A method according to claim 14, including changing the master unit to a slave unit in the network (a) if the master unit has detected its change as a master unit for a fifth period or (b) if the master unit has pending a change as master unit and one of the slave units has communicated over the network a query to become a new master unit in the network.

17. A method according to claim 14, wherein determining the available second network ID includes determining a network ID in the second group which is not in use as the network ID during a first period of time.

18. A method according to claim 14, including determining an available network ID in the first group for the slave unit as network ID in the first group which is in use as the network ID for no longer than a second time period.

19. A method according to claim 14, wherein each slave unit determines its own available network ID from the first group of network ID'"'"'s, and the master unit transmits, to all slave units using all the network ID'"'"'s from the first group, a message including the second network ID in the data portion of the message.

20. A method according to claim 14, including determining if a new master unit has been selected in the network and if so, repeating the initialization process.

21. A method according to claim 14, including re-transmitting, from the master unit to all the slave units using network ID'"'"'s of the first group, a message including the second network ID if the master unit does not receive a message from any of the slave units in a first time period.

22. A method according to claim 14, wherein the network is on a train, and re-transmitting, from the master unit to all the slave units using network ID'"'"'s of the first group, a message including the second network ID if the master unit does not receive a message from at least one of the slave units in a first time period and a speed of the train is zero.

23. An intra-train communication network comprising:

a plurality of transceiver units on individual vehicles of the train;

one of the units being a master unit transmitting queries and the other units being slave units receiving the queries and transmitting responses;

the master unit initially transmitting a query, including a first network ID from a first group of network ID'"'"'s in a data portion of the query, to the slave units using a second network ID from a second group of network ID'"'"'s, and subsequently transmitting queries using the first network ID from the first group of network ID'"'"'s; and

the slave units initially listening for the query using the second network ID from the second group, responding using the second network ID, and subsequently listening for queries and responding using the first network ID.

24. A network according to claim 23, wherein a slave unit switches to listen for an available network ID in the second group if the slave unit has not received the query within a first time period.

25. A network according to claim 24, wherein the slave unit determines an available network ID in the second group as a network ID in the second group which is in use as the network ID for no longer than a second time period.

26. A network according to claim 24, wherein the slave unit is alternately switched to listening for an available network ID in the second group and the first network ID of the first group if the slave unit has not received a query within the second time period.

27. A network according to claim 23, wherein the master unit transmits, to all the slave units, a query including the first network ID in the data portion of the query and using network ID'"'"'s of the second group if the master unit does not receive a response from any of the slave units in a third time period.

28. A network according to claim 23, wherein the master unit transmits to all the slave units, a query including the first network ID in the data portion of the query and using network ID'"'"'s of the second group if the master unit does not receive a response from at least one of the slave units in a third time period and a speed of the train is zero.

29. A network according to claim 23, wherein the master unit is on a vehicle in the train whose equalization reservoir is active.

30. A network according to claim 23, wherein the master unit switches to a slave unit if the master unit'"'"'s vehicle'"'"'s equalization reservoir is inactive for a fourth period or if the reservoir is inactive and a slave unit has communicated over the network a query to become a new master unit.

31. A network according to claim 23, wherein the master unit switches to a slave unit if the master unit'"'"'s vehicle'"'"'s equalization reservoir is inactive and a slave unit has communicated over the network a query to become a new master unit.

32. A network according to claim 23, wherein the master unit determines the first network ID of the first group as a network ID in the first group which is not in use as the network ID during a fifth time period.

33. A method of communicating between a master unit and one or more slave units in a network on a train, the method comprising:

initially transmitting, from the master unit to the slave units, a query, which includes a first network ID from a first group of network ID'"'"'s in a data portion of the query, using a second network ID from a second group of network ID'"'"'s, and subsequently transmitting queries using the first network ID from the first group; and

the slave units initially listening for the query using the second network ID from the second group, responding using the second network ID and subsequently listening for queries and responding using the first network ID.