Method to calculate true round trip propagation delay and user equipment location in WCDMA/UTRAN

• US 6,681,099 B1
• Filed: 05/15/2000
• Issued: 01/20/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Networks (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Keranen, Yrjo, Viero, Timo
• Primary Examiner(s): Urban, Edward F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Simon
• Application Number:
  US09/571,624
• Time in Patent Office: 1,345 Days
• Field of Search: 455/456, 455/500, 455/517, 455/67.1, 455/67.6, 342/47, 342/88, 342/95, 342/125, 342/126, 342/140, 342/133, 342/139, 342/357.08, 342/357.1, 342/450
• US Class Current: 455/67.16
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 11/02 using radio waves G01S19/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/765 with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/466 by Trilateration, i.e. two antennas or two sensors determine separately the distance to a target, whereby with the knowledge of the baseline length, i.e. the distance between the antennas or sensors, the position data of the target is determined
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Abstract

A method of determining the location of a user equipment includes determining a round trip time for downlink from at least three nodes to a user equipment, determining the transmission timing delay at the user equipment for the round trip time of each of the three nodes, and determining a distance from each of the at least three nodes using the round trip time and the transmission timing delay.

Claims

1. A method for calculating round trip propagation delay for a user equipment in a wireless network, comprising the steps of:

(a) measuring a round trip time comprising a time from a beginning of a downlink transmission signal from a node of the wireless network to the user equipment to the reception of an uplink transmission signal from the user equipment to the node in response to the downlink transmission signal;

(b) measuring, by the user equipment, a user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference comprising a time difference between reception of the downlink transmission signal at the user equipment and transmission of the uplink transmission signal from the user equipment during said step (a); and

(c) determining the round trip propagation delay between the user equipment and the node by subtracting the user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference determined in said step (b) from the round trip time measured in said step (a).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (a) comprises periodically measuring a round trip time from the user equipment to the node of the wireless network.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said step (b) comprises determining said user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference for each periodic measuring of the round trip time.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (b) comprises periodically determining the user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (a) comprises transmitting a downlink transmission to the user equipment solely for measuring round trip time.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said step (a) comprises:

transmitting a downlink transmission signal to the user equipment from the node;

generating a response to the downlink transmission signal at the user equipment;

transmitting the response in an uplink transmission from the user equipment to the node; and

measuring a time at the node from the beginning of transmission of the downlink transmission signal to the beginning of the reception of the uplink transmission.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein said step (b) comprises transmitting said user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference with the response transmitted from the user equipment to the node.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (a) comprises measuring the round trip time for a downlink transmission and an uplink transmission between the user equipment and the node, wherein the downlink transmission and the uplink transmission comprise transmissions made for functions other than measuring the round trip time.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein said step (a) comprises:

transmitting a downlink transmission signal to the user equipment from the node;

generating a response to the downlink transmission signal at the user equipment;

transmitting the response in an uplink transmission from the user equipment to the node; and

measuring a time at the node from the beginning of transmission of the downlink transmission to the beginning of the reception of the uplink transmission.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said step (b) comprises transmitting the user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference with the response transmitted from the user equipment to the node.

11. A method determining a geographic location of a user equipment via a location service server in a wireless network, comprising the steps of:

(a) measuring a round trip time comprising a time from a beginning of a transmission of a downlink transmission signal from a first active node of the wireless network to the user equipment to the reception of an uplink transmission signal from the user equipment to the first active node in response to the downlink transmission signal;

(b) measuring, by the user equipment, a user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference comprising a time difference between reception of the downlink transmission signal at the user equipment and transmission of the uplink transmission signal from the user equipment during said step (a);

(c) determining a propagation delay between the user equipment and the first node by subtracting the current transmission timing delay determined in said step b from the round trip times measured in said step (a);

(d) repeating steps (a)-(c) for all remaining active nodes of the wireless network;

(e) determining the geographical location of the active nodes; and

(f) determining the location of the user equipment using the location of the active nodes and the propagation delay of each of the active nodes determined in said step (c).

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising, before said steps (a) through (f), the step of transmitting a request for the geographic location of the user equipment to the location service server.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein said steps (a) through (f) are performed in response to said step of transmitting a request for the geographic location.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein said step of transmitting a request for the geographic location comprises transmitting a request by said user equipment.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein said step of transmitting a request for the geographic location comprises transmitting a request by an external client.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein said step of transmitting a request for the geographic location comprises transmitting a request by the core network.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein said step (b) comprises transmitting a user equipment Rx-Tx timing delay from the user equipment to the location services server each time the user equipment Rx-Tx timing delay is changed.

18. The method of claim 11, further comprising periodically performing step (a) for the active nodes of the wireless network.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein said step (b) comprises determining said user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference for each performance of said step (a).

20. The method of claim 11, wherein said step (b) comprises periodically determining the user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference between the user equipment and the active nodes.

21. The method of claim 11, wherein said step (a) comprises transmitting a downlink transmission signal to the user equipment solely for measuring round trip time.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein said step (a) comprises:

transmitting downlink transmission signal to the user equipment from each of the active nodes;

generating a response to the downlink transmission at the user equipment, respectively transmitting the response in an uplink transmission from the user equipment to the active nodes; and

measuring a time at each of the active nodes from the beginning of transmission of the downlink transmission signal to the beginning of the reception of the uplink transmission signal.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein said step (b) comprises transmitting said current timing delay with the response transmitted from the user equipment to the one of the nodes.

24. The method of claim 11, wherein said step (a) comprises measuring the round trip time for a downlink transmission and an uplink transmission between the user equipment and the active nodes, wherein the downlink transmission and the uplink transmission comprise transmissions made for functions other than measuring the round trip time.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein said step (a) comprises:

transmitting a downlink transmission signal to the user equipment from the active nodes;

generating a response to the predetermined downlink transmission at the user equipment;

transmitting the response in an uplink transmission from the user equipment to the active nodes; and

measuring a time at each of the active nodes from the beginning of transmission of the downlink transmission to the beginning of the reception of the uplink transmission.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein said step (b) comprises transmitting user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference with the response transmitted from the user equipment to the one of the nodes.

27. The method of claim 11, wherein said step (f) comprises:

determining a distance of the user equipment from each of the active nodes using the propagation delay;

calculating a hyperboloid around each of the active nodes, wherein the radius of each hyperboloid is the distance of the user equipment from the respective one of the active nodes; and

determining the geographic location of the user equipment as the interscction of the hyperboloids.

28. A method of determining a geographic location of a user equipment in a wireless network having a location server;

(a) measuring a round trip time from the user equipment to a first node of the wireless network of known location, the round trip time comprising a time from a beginning of transmission of a downlink transmission signal from a first node of the wireless network to the user equipment to the reception of an uplink transmission signal from the user equipment to the first node in response to the downlink transmission signal;

(b) measuring, by the user equipment, a user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference comprising a time difference between reception of the downlink transmission signal at the user equipment and transmission of the uplink transmissiona signal from the user equipment during said step (a);

(c) determining a propagation delay between the user equipment and the first node by subtracting the user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference determined in said step (b) from said round trip time measured in said step (a);

(d) determining an angle arrival of the radio signals used for said step (a) at the first node; and

(e) determining a location estimation for said user equipment using a geographical location of the first node, the propagation delay from said step (c) to determine a distance from the first node, and the angle of arrival determined in said step (d).

29. The method of claim 28, wherein said step (a)-(e) are repeated for a second node, and said step (e) comprises determining a location estimation using the propagation delay to determine a distance of the user equipment from each of the first and second nodes, and the angle of arrival at each of the first and second nodes.

30. In a wireless communication system comprising a core network, a plurality of radio network controllers, and a plurality of wireless communication nodes for communicating with user equipment located in a geographical area supported by said nodes, a location services server, comprising:

means for determining a round trip time by measuring a time from a beginning of transmission of a downlink transmission signal from a node of the wireless network to the user equipment to the reception of an uplink transmission signal from the user equipment to the node in response to the downlink transmission signal;

means for measuring, by the user equipment, a user equipment Rx-Tx time difference of a user equipment comprising a time difference between reception of the downlink transmission signal at the user equipment and transmission of the uplink transmission signal from the user equipment during the measurement of round trip time; and

means for determining a round trip time delay by subtracting said user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference from said round trip time.

31. The location services server of claim 30, further comprising means for determining round trip times and user equipment Rx-Tx time differences for a plurality of nodes, means for determining a geographical location of said plural nodes, and means for determining a geographical location of a user equipment using said true round trip time delays for said plural nodes and the geographical locations of said plural nodes.

32. The location services server of claim 30, further comprising means for determining an angle of arrival of radio signals at said node, means for determining a location of said node, and means for determining a location of said user equipment using said angle of arrival, said round trip time delay, and said location of said node.

33. In a wireless communication system comprising a core network, a plurality of radio network controllers, and a plurality of wireless communication nodes for communicating with user equipment located in a geographical area supported by said nodes, a user equipment comprising means for measuring a user equipment Rx-Tx timing difference comprising a time difference between reception of a downlink transmission signal at the user equipment and transmission of an uplink transmission signal from the user equipment in response to the downlink transmission signal.