Physical data layout to reduce seeks in a raid system

• US 6,681,290 B2
• Filed: 01/29/2001
• Issued: 01/20/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 01/29/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Jones, Carl Evan, Brower, William John Jr., Smothers, Joe Edward
• Primary Examiner(s): Padmanabhan, Mano
• Assistant Examiner(s): Namazi, Mehdi
• Application Number:
  US09/772,265
• Publication Number:
  US 20020103967A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,086 Days
• Field of Search: 707/204, 713/1, 713/2, 713/100, 711/114
• US Class Current: 711/114
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0611 in relation to response time
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0638 Organizing or formatting or addressing of data
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0689 Disk arrays, e.g. RAID, JBOD
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99953 Recoverability
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99955 Archiving or backup

Abstract

A data storage subsystem which reduces seek time, by defining a logical storage space wherein part of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to a primary storage space of a first physical data storage device, and correspond to a secondary storage space of a second physical data storage device, and another part of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to a primary storage space of the second physical data storage device, and correspond to a secondary storage space of the first physical data storage device. For hard disk drives having an arm assembly with a read/write head, the average seek distance for both drives reduced, since the pivoting arm assembly need not travel as far to reach each physical storage address within a primary storage area. The invention may additionally take advantage of geometric or other aspects of the storage devices which result in some portion of the device having a faster access time that another portion. For hard disk drives which assign a larger number of logical blocks to the outer tracks of the disk than to the inner tracks, the storage controller can map the primary storage space of a given one of the drives to the outer tracks of the drive.

Claims

1. A method of providing a storage space for a computer system, comprising the steps of:

partitioning each of a first and a second of at least two physical data storage devices into primary and secondary storage spaces, wherein the primary storage space of the first physical data storage device has a faster average seek time than the secondary storage space of the second physical data storage device, and wherein the primary storage space of the second physical data storage device has a faster average seek time than the secondary storage space of the first physical data storage device;

defining a logical storage space within a storage controller connected to the physical data storage devices, wherein (i) a first portion of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to the primary storage space of the first of the at least two physical data storage devices, and correspond to the secondary storage space of the second of the at least two physical data storage devices, and (ii) a second portion of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to the primary storage space of the second physical data storage device, and correspond to the secondary storage space of the first physical data storage device.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the storage controller performs said partitioning step.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of providing an interface between the storage controller and a computer system.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said partitioning step divides the first physical data storage device into halves to create its primary and second storage spaces, and divides the second physical data storage device into halves to create its primary and second storage spaces.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said defining step stripes multiple blocks of the logical storage space to reduce workload-induced skew between the first and second physical data storage devices.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein:

the logical storage space is a first logical storage space; and

said defining step further defines the first logical storage space as a stripe of a second logical storage space.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein:

each of the physical data storage devices includes one or more spinning disks having at least one media-bearing surface with concentric outer and inner storage tracks;

each of the physical data storage devices assigns a number of logical blocks to the outer tracks which is greater than a number of logical blocks assigned to the inner tracks; and

said partitioning step places the primary storage space of a given one of the physical data storage devices in the outer tracks of the given device.

8. An apparatus for permanently storing information to be used by a computer system, comprising:

a plurality of physical data storage devices, wherein each of the plurality of physical data storage devices are partitioned into primary and secondary storage spaces, and wherein the primary storage space of a first physical data storage device of the plurality of physical data storage devices has a faster average seek time than the secondary storage space of a second physical data storage device of the plurality of physical data storage devices, and wherein the primary storage space of the second physical data storage device has a faster average seek time than the secondary storage space of the first physical data storage device; and

means, connected to said physical data storage devices, for defining a logical storage space wherein (i) a first portion of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to a the primary storage space of the first physical data storage device, and correspond to the secondary storage space of a second one of the physical data storage devices, and (ii) a second portion of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to the primary storage space of the second physical data storage device, and correspond to the secondary storage space of the first physical data storage device.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said defining means includes a storage controller which maps logical addresses in the logical storage space to physical addresses in the primary and secondary storage spaces of the first and second physical data storage devices.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 further comprising means for interfacing said storage controller with a computer system.

11. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said defining means divides the first physical data storage device into halves to create its primary and second storage spaces, and divides the second physical data storage device into halves to create its primary and second storage spaces.

12. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said defining means stripes multiple blocks of the logical storage space to reduce workload-induced skew between the first and second physical data storage devices.

13. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein:

the logical storage space is a first logical storage space; and

said defining means further defines the first logical storage space as a stripe of a second logical storage space.

14. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein:

each of the physical data storage devices includes one or more spinning disks having at least one media-bearing surface with concentric outer and inner storage tracks;

each of the physical data storage devices assigns a number of logical blocks to the outer tracks which is greater than a number of logical blocks assigned to the inner tracks; and

said defining means places the primary storage space of a given one of the physical data storage devices in the outer tracks of the given device.

16. The data storage system of claim 14 wherein said storage controller divides the first hard disk drive into halves to create its primary and second storage spaces, and divides the second hard disk drive into halves to create its primary and second storage spaces.

17. The data storage system of claim 14 wherein the first and second hard disks constitute a stripe of a RAID-10 type storage system.

15. A data storage system comprising:

at least first and second hard disk drives, each including at least one rotating platter having a media-bearing surface thereon, any given one of the media-bearing surfaces having a plurality of concentric tracks, including inner and outer tracks, wherein the outer tracks have a faster average seek time than the inner tracks;

a storage controller mapping a logical storage space onto the first and second hard disk drives, by defining a correspondence between a first portion of the logical storage space, a primary storage area overlying the outer tracks of the first hard disk drive, and a redundant secondary storage area overlying the inner tracks of the second hard disk drive, wherein the secondary storage area of the second hard disk drive contains a copy of a portion of the primary storage area of the first hard disk drive, and by further defining a correspondence between a second portion of the logical storage space, another primary storage area overlying the outer tracks of the second hard disk drive, and another redundant secondary storage area overlying the inner tracks of the first hard disk drive, wherein another redundant secondary storage area of the first hard disk drive contains a copy of a portion of another primary storage area of the second hard disk drive; and

means for interfacing the storage controller with an external data processing system.

18. A computer program product for a computer system having at least two physical data storage devices each of which is partitioned into primary and secondary storage spaces, comprising:

a storage medium containing a first and a second of the at least two physical storage devices, wherein the primary storage space of the first physical data storage device has a faster average seek time than the secondary storage space of the second physical data storage device, and wherein the primary storage space of the second physical data storage device has a faster average seek time than the secondary storage space of the first physical data storage device; and

program instructions for defining a logical storage space within a storage controller connected to the physical data storage devices, wherein (i) a first portion of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to the primary storage space of the first of the at least two physical data storage devices, and correspond to the secondary storage space of the second of the at least two physical data storage devices, and (ii) a second portion of the logical storage space is defined to correspond to the primary storage space of the second physical data storage device, and correspond to the secondary storage space of the first physical data storage device.

19. The computer program product of claim 18 wherein said program instructions further partition the two physical data storage devices into the primary and secondary storage spaces.

20. The computer program product of claim 19 wherein said program instructions partition the first physical data storage device into halves to create its primary and secondary storage spaces, and divides the second physical data storage device into halves to create its primary and secondary storage spaces.

21. The computer program product of claim 18 wherein said program instructions further define the logical storage space by striping multiple blocks of the logical storage space to reduce workload-induced skew between the first and second physical data storage devices.

22. The computer program product of claim 18 wherein the logical storage space is a first logical storage space, and the program instructions further define the first logical storage space as a stripe of a second logical storage space.