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Salt sensitive aqueous emulsions

  • US 6,683,129 B1
  • Filed: 03/31/2000
  • Issued: 01/27/2004
  • Est. Priority Date: 03/31/2000
  • Status: Expired due to Fees
First Claim
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1. An aqueous emulsion comprising a water-dispersible copolymer characterized in that films formed from said water-dispersible copolymer are dispersible in water, yet non-dispersible in aqueous solutions containing 0.5% by weight or more of an inorganic salt, and wherein the water-dispersible copolymer comprises in percentages by weight:

  • (A) from about 25% to about 80% of acidic ethylenically unsaturated monomer units, with the proviso that the acidic ethylenically unsaturated monomer units are not acrylic acid;

    (B) from about 10% to about 80% of ethylenically unsaturated monomer units selected from the group of monomer formulas consisting of;

    (i) CH2

    C(R1)COR2;

    (i) R3OOC—

    CH═

    CH—

    COOR4;

    (iii) CH2

    C(R5)OCOR6;

    (iv) CH2

    C(COOR7)CH2COOR8;

    (v) CH3CH═

    CHCOOR9;

    (vi) R10C6H4CR11

    CHR11; and

    (vii) R12CH═

    CHR13;



    wherein R1 is hydrogen or methyl and R2 is —

    OZ′

    or —

    N(Z″

    )(Z″

    ), wherein Z′

    is an alkyl group having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and Z″

    is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl groups having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

    R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R3 and R4 are not both hydrogen;

    R5 is hydrogen or methyl and R6 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms;

    R7 and R8 are independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R7 and R8 are not both hydrogen;

    R9 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms;

    R10 and R11 are hydrogen; and

    R12 and R13 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —

    CN, —

    NHCHO, and an all group having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms; and

    (C) from about 10% to about 80% of ethylenically unsaturated monomer units selected from the group of monomer formulas consisting of;

    (i) CH2

    C(R′

    1)COR′

    2;

    (ii) R′

    3OOC—

    CH═

    CH—

    COOR′

    4;

    (iii) CH2

    C(R′

    5)OCOR′

    6;

    (iv) CH2

    C(COOR′

    7)CH2COOR′

    8;

    (v) CH3CH═

    CHCOOR′

    9;

    (vi) R′

    10C6H4CR′

    11

    CHR′

    11; and

    (vii) R′

    12CH═

    CHR′

    13;



    wherein R′

    1 is hydrogen or methyl, and R′

    2 is selected from the group consisting of —

    OZ′

    , —

    N(Z″

    )(Z″

    ), and —

    OZ′



    OH, wherein Z′

    is an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms;

    Z″

    is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 7 to 10 carbon atoms, dimethylamino alkyl groups having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and hydroxyalkyl groups having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and

    Z′



    is an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

    R′

    3 and R′

    4 are independently an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms;

    R′

    5 is hydrogen or methyl and R′

    6 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms;

    R′

    7 and R′

    8 are independently an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms;

    R′

    9 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms;

    R′

    10 and R′

    11 are independently an alkyl group having from 1 to 2 carbon atoms;

    R′

    12 and R′

    13 are independently selected from the group consisting of 2-pyrrolidinone, N-caprolactam, and an alkyl group having from 7 to 18 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R12 and R13 are not both 2-pyrrolidinone, are not both N-caprolactam, or are not a mixture thereof; and

    the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight greater than about 25,000 and is present in an amount from about 20% to about 70% by weight, based on the aqueous emulsion.

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