Broad-beam imaging

• US 6,685,645 B1
• Filed: 08/01/2002
• Issued: 02/03/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. (Excelsior Union Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Zonare Medical Systems Incorporated (Excelsior Union Ltd.)
• Inventors: McLaughlin, Glen, Ji, Ting-Lan
• Primary Examiner(s): Jaworski, Francis J.
• Application Number:
  US10/211,391
• Time in Patent Office: 551 Days
• Field of Search: 600/437, 600/443, 600/447, 600/454-456, 128/916, 736/25--26, 367/103-105
• US Class Current: 600/447
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/00 Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves imaging of objects using sonar G01S15/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/08 Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings A61B8/02 - A61B8/06 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0833 involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/13 Tomography A61B8/10, A61B8/12 take precedence; tomography for radiation diagnosis A61B6/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/14 Echo-tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4438 Means for identifying the diagnostic device, e.g. barcodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4455 Features of the external shape of the probe, e.g. ergonomic aspects
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/462 characterised by constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/488 involving Doppler signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/017 Doppler techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02416 Solids in liquids
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02466 Biological material, e.g. blood
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/06 Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy medical or veterinary diagnosis using sonic waves A61B8/00; representation of acoustic wave distribution G01H3/125, G01H9/002; short-range imaging systems using reflection of acoustic waves G01S15/8906
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/0609 Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays indicating or recording in connection with measuring in general G01D
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/11 by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/14 using acoustic emission techniques echo of particles G01N29/046; measuring mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in solids in general G01H1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/348 with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals measuring frequency of mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in general G01H1/06, G01H3/04; measuring frequency or analysing frequency spectra G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8915 using a transducer array
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8918 the array being linear
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/892 : the array being curvilinear
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8954 : using a broad-band spectrum
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8981 : Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds, e.g. wall clutter filter
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52023 : Details of receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52046 : Techniques for image enhancement involving transmitter or receiver image enhancement by image data processing G06T5/00
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 42/06 : using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves

Abstract

Systems and methods of probing a material under investigation using an ultrasound beam. Echolocation data is generated using a multi-dimensional transform capable of using phase and magnitude information to distinguish echoes resulting from ultrasound beam components produced using different ultrasound transducers. Since the multi-dimensional transform does not depend on using receive or transmit beam lines, a multi-dimensional area can be imaged using a single ultrasound transmission. In some embodiments, this ability increases image frame rate and reduces the amount of ultrasound energy required to generate an image.

Claims

1. A method of probing a material under investigation comprising the steps of:

using a plurality of ultrasound transducers to transmit an ultrasound beam into the material under investigation;

receiving echoes generated by interactions between the ultrasound beam and the material under investigation;

generating first data from the received echoes, the first data having a plurality of values associatable with time and with a first number of positions in a first spatial dimension, the first number of positions being more than one; and

generating second data from the first data, the second data having values associatable with a second spatial dimension and with a second number of positions in the first spatial dimension, the first number of positions being fewer than the second number of positions;

wherein at least one of the values of the second data, associatable with one of the second number of positions but not with any of the first number of positions, is generated without interpolation between values of the first data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of spatial dimensions associatable with the second data are independent of a number of ultrasound beams transmitted.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitted ultrasound beam is characterized by a direction, a focal point and a beam width at the focal point, the beam width being measured through the focal point along a straight line perpendicular to the direction, and the second data is echolocation data having a resolution in a spatial dimension perpendicular to the direction of the beam and smaller than the beam width.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating second data includes using a transform algorithm with a weighting function that assigns a weight to echoes according to echo receiving location.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of using a plurality of transducers to transmit an ultrasound beam includes using a plurality of transducers, and the step of generating second data includes using a transform algorithm configured to differentiate signals resulting from different members of the plurality of transducers using a phase relationship in the received echoes or using a magnitude in the received echoes.

6. A method of probing a material under investigation comprising the steps of:

using a plurality of transducers to transmit a plurality of ultrasound beams into the material under investigation;

receiving first echoes generated by interactions between a first member of the plurality of ultrasound beams and the material under investigation;

generating first echo data from the received first echoes, the first echo data having values associatable with a temporal dimension and separately associatable with more than one position in at least a first spatial dimension, the values including phase and magnitude information;

receiving second echoes generated by interactions between at least a second member of the plurality of ultrasound beams and the material under investigation;

generating second echo data from the received second echoes, the second echo data having values associatable with a temporal dimension and separately associatable with more than one position in at least a second spatial dimension;

generating first echolocation data using the first echo data and a data transform responsive to the phase or magnitude information;

using the second echo data to generate second echolocation data; and

combining the first and the second echolocation data to produce third echolocation data having the same dimensionality as the first echolocation data.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the data transform is responsive to the phase and magnitude information.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the data transform is responsive to the phase information.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the first spatial dimension is the same as the second spatial dimension.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein first echoes are received using at least one of the transducers in the plurality of transducers.

11. The method of claim 6, further including a step of displaying an image using the third echolocation data.

12. The method of claim 6, wherein the first echo data has dimensions of time and position, the position dimension being associatable with locations of transducer elements and the first echolocation data has two spatial dimensions represented by a Cartesian coordinate system.

13. The method of claim 6, wherein the first echo data has dimensions of time and position, the position dimension being associatable with locations of transducer elements and the first echolocation data has two spatial dimensions represented by a radial coordinate system.