Apparatus for optical distancing autofocus and imaging and method of using the same

• US 6,689,998 B1
• Filed: 07/05/2000
• Issued: 02/10/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 07/05/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: PSC Scanning, Inc. (Datalogic ADC Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: PSC Scanning, Inc. (Datalogic ADC Incorporated)
• Inventors: Bremer, Edward C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Glick, Edward J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): KAO, CHIH CHENG G
• Application Number:
  US09/610,232
• Time in Patent Office: 1,315 Days
• Field of Search: 250/201.2, 250/208.1, 250/201.5, 250/234, 250/235, 396/79, 396/80, 396/120, 396/121, 235/462.22, 235/462.23, 235/462.24
• US Class Current: 250/201.2
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 7/28 Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals

Abstract

An automatic distancing, focusing and optical imaging apparatus for optical imaging of an object is disclosed, having at least one lens, a distancing sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image that travel through the lens, an imaging sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image that travel through the lens, and at least one processor coupled to the distancing sensor and the imaging sensor, the processor for controlling the movement of the imaging sensor to a position for optimal imaging and for processing the image received by the imaging sensor.

Claims

1. An automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus for optical imaging of an object, comprising:

at least one lens;

a first sensor comprising a distancing sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of an image of the object that travel through said at least one lens;

a second sensor comprising an imaging sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image that travel through said at least one lens and said imaging sensor is adapted to move; and

at least one processor coupled to the distancing sensor and the imaging sensor for controlling the movement of the imaging sensor to a position of optimal imaging, and for processing the image received by said imaging sensor,

wherein the distancing sensor is a Scheimpflug optical array.

2. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the imaging sensor is a 2D optical array.

3. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the imaging sensor is a 1D optical array.

4. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the distancing sensor is a 2D Scheimpflug optical array.

5. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the distancing sensor is a 1D Scheimpflug optical array.

6. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one lens, imaging sensor, distancing sensor, and at least one processor are part of a single integrated assembly.

7. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is part of a fixed imaging device.

8. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is part of a portable hand-held imaging device.

9. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus is adapted to determine one or more dimensions of the object by determining one or more distances to said object with said distancing sensor and said at least one processor.

10. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus is part of an automatic high-speed dimensioning system.

11. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein said distancing sensor is adapted to rotate in one or more directions to find a best CMF plane and said imaging sensor is adapted to rotate in one or more directions to a position corresponding to the best CMF plane.

12. An automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus for optical imaging of an object, comprising:

at least one lens for focusing an image of the object;

an aperture positioned downstream of said at least one lens;

a distancing sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image of the object that travel through said at least one lens and through said aperture;

an imaging sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image that travel through said at least one lens and through said aperture, said imaging sensor is adapted to move;

at least one processor coupled to the distancing sensor and the imaging sensor for controlling the movement of the imaging sensor to a position of optimal imaging, and for processing the image received by the imaging sensor; and

a beam splitter adapted to partially transmit the light rays representative of the image onto one of the distancing sensor or the imaging sensor and partially reflect the light rays representative of the image onto the other of the distancing sensor or the imaging sensor,

wherein the distancing sensor is a Scheimpflug optical array.

13. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 12, wherein the imaging sensor is adapted to be moved relative to the beam splitter in response to the distance to the object determined by said distancing sensor and said at least one processor.

14. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 13, wherein the lens generally defines a plane and the imaging sensor moves parallel to said plane if the light rays representative of the image are reflected by said beam splitter onto said imaging sensor and the imaging sensor moves perpendicular to said plane if the light rays representative of the image are transmitted by said beam splitter onto said imaging sensor.

15. An automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus for optical imaging of an object, comprising:

at least one lens;

a distancing sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of an image of the object that travel through said at least one lens;

an imaging sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image that travel through said at least one lens and said imaging sensor is adapted to move;

at least one processor coupled to the distancing sensor and the imaging sensor for controlling the movement of the imaging sensor to a position of optimal imaging, and for processing the image received by said imaging sensor;

a beam splitter adapted to partially transmit the light rays representative of the image onto one of the distancing sensor or the imaging sensor and partially reflect the light rays representative of the image onto the other of the distancing sensor or the imaging sensor, wherein the beam splitter and imaging sensor are fixed relative to each other and adapted to be moved together in response to a distance to the object determined by said distancing sensor and said at least one processor.

16. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 15, wherein the lens generally defines a plane and the beam splitter and imaging sensor move perpendicular to said plane.

17. An automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus for optical imaging of an object, comprising:

at least a first lens and a second lens;

a first sensor comprising a distancing sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of an image of the object that travel through said first lens;

a second sensor comprising an imaging sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image that travel through said second lens and said imaging sensor is adapted to move; and

at least one processor coupled to the distancing sensor and the imaging sensor for controlling the movement of the imaging sensor to a position of optimal imaging, and for processing the image received by said imaging sensor,

wherein the distancing sensor is a Scheimpflug optical array

wherein the imaging sensor is adapted to move and is part of an imaging mechanism and the distancing sensor is part of a separate distancing and surfacing mechanism, the separate imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms are separated by a predetermined distance, said separate imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms adapted to be fixed relative to said object, which moves at a predetermined speed past said imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms, said at least one processor adapted to obtain a surface profile for at least one surface of said object based on distance to object information retrieved from said distancing sensor and to timely control the movement of said imaging sensor to a position for optimal imaging based on distance to object information retrieved from said distancing sensor, said predetermined distance between said imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms, and said predetermined speed of said object.

18. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 17, wherein the imaging sensor is a 2D optical array.

19. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 17, wherein the imaging sensor is a 1D optical array.

20. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 17, wherein the distancing sensor is a 2D Scheimpflug optical array.

21. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 17, wherein the distancing sensor is a 1D Scheimpflug optical array.

22. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 17, wherein the imaging mechanism includes a mirror adapted to reflect the light rays representative of the image onto the imaging sensor.

23. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 22, wherein the mirror and imaging sensor are fixed relative to each other and adapted to be moved together in response to a distance to the object determined by said distancing sensor and at least one processor.

24. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 22, wherein the lens generally defines a plane and the mirror and imaging sensor move perpendicular to said plane.

25. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 22, wherein the imaging sensor is adapted to be moved relative to the mirror in response to the distance determined by said distancing sensor and said at least one processor.

26. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 25, wherein the lens generally defines a plane and the imaging sensor moves parallel to said plane.

27. The automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus of claim 17, wherein said imaging sensor is aligned with said lens and the light rays representative of the image transmitted through said lens in said imaging mechanism and adapted to move in response to the distance determined by said distancing sensor and said at least one processor.

28. A method for automatically focusing and optical imaging an object using an automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus including at least one lens, comprising:

determining distance from the optical imaging apparatus to the object using a Scheimpflug optical array as a first sensor comprising a distancing sensor adapted to receive light rays through said at least one lens in the apparatus;

adjusting position of a second sensor comprising an imaging sensor adapted to receive light rays through said at least one lens in the apparatus to an optimal position for optimal imaging based on said distance determining step; and

optically imaging the object using the imaging sensor.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the imaging sensor is a 2D optical array, and optically imaging includes 2D optically imaging the object.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein the imaging sensor is a 1D optical array, and optically imaging includes 1D optically imaging the object.

31. The method of claim 28, wherein the distancing sensor is a 2D Scheimpflug optical array, and distancing includes 2D distancing using the Scheimpflug principle.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein the distancing sensor is a 1D Scheimpflug optical array, and distancing includes 1D distancing using the Scheimpflug principle.

33. The method of claim 28, further including using a beam splitter to transmit or reflect part of the light rays representative of an image of the object to the distancing sensor for determining the distance from the automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus to the object and reflect or transmit part of the light rays representative of the image of the object for optically imaging the object using the imaging sensor.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein adjusting the position of an imaging sensor includes adjusting the position of the imaging sensor relative to said beam splitter in the apparatus to a position of optimal imaging based on said distance determining step.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the lens generally defines a plane and the imaging sensor moves parallel to said plane if the light rays representative of the image are reflected by said beam splitter onto said imaging sensor and the imaging sensor moves perpendicular to said plane if the light rays representative of the image are transmitted by said beam splitter onto said imaging sensor.

36. The method of claim 28, wherein said at least one lens, imaging sensor, distancing sensor, and at least one processor are part of a single integrated assembly.

37. The method of claim 28, further including rotating said distancing sensor in one or more directions to find a best CMF plane and rotating said imaging sensor in one or more directions to a position corresponding to the best CMF plane.

38. The method of claim 28, wherein the imaging sensor is part of an imaging mechanism and the distancing sensor is part of a separate distancing and surfacing mechanism, the separate imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms separated by a predetermined distance, said separate imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms adapted to be fixed relative to said object, said object moves at a predetermined speed past said imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms, said method further including obtaining a surface profile for at least one surface of said object based on distance to object information retrieved from said distancing sensor and timely adjusting the position of said imaging sensor to a position for optimal imaging based on distance to object information obtained from said distancing sensor, said predetermined distance between said imaging and distancing and surfacing mechanisms, and said predetermined speed of said object.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the imaging sensor is a 2D optical array, and optically imaging includes 2D optically imaging the object.

40. The method of claim 38, wherein the imaging sensor is a 1D optical array, and optically imaging includes 1D optically imaging the object.

41. The method of claim 38, wherein the distancing sensor is a 2D Scheimpflug optical array, and distancing includes 2D distancing using the Scheimpflug principle.

42. The method of claim 38, wherein the distancing sensor is a 1D Scheimpflug optical array, and distancing includes 1D distancing using the Scheimpflug principle.

43. The method of claim 38, wherein the imaging mechanism includes a mirror adapted to reflect light rays representative of the image onto the imaging sensor.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein the mirror and imaging sensor are fixed relative to each other and adjusting the position of an imaging sensor includes adjusting the position of the mirror and imaging sensor to a position of optimal imaging based on said distance determining step.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein the lens generally defines a plane and the mirror and imaging sensor move perpendicular to said plane.

46. The method of claim 43, wherein adjusting the position of an imaging sensor includes adjusting the position of the imaging sensor relative to said mirror to a position of optimal imaging based on said distance determining step.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein the lens generally defines plane and the imaging sensor moves parallel to said plane.

48. The method of claim 38, further including determining one or more dimensions of the object with said distance determining step.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein determining one or more dimensions of the object includes determining at least one of a length, height, and width of the object.

50. The method of claim 48, wherein determining one or more dimensions of the object includes determining one or more dimensions of boxes traveling on a conveyor system.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein determining one or more dimensions of boxes includes determining the volumes of the boxes using a distancing mechanism in front of the boxes, above the boxes and to the side of the boxes.

52. A method for automatically focusing and optical imaging an object using an automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus including at least one lens, comprising:

determining a distance from the automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus to the object using a distancing sensor in the apparatus;

adjusting the position of an imaging sensor in the apparatus to a position for optimal imaging based on said distance determining step;

optically imaging the object using the imaging sensor;

using a beam splitter to transmit or reflect part of the light rays representative of an image of the object to the distancing sensor for determining the distance from the automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus to the object and reflect or transmit part of the light rays representative of the image of the object for optically imaging the object using the imaging sensor,

wherein the beam splitter and imaging sensor are fixed relative to each other, and

wherein adjusting the position of an imaging sensor includes adjusting the position of the beam splitter and the imaging sensor in the apparatus to a position of optimal imaging based on said distance determining step.

53. The method of claim 52, wherein the lens generally defines a plane and the beam splitter and imaging sensor move perpendicular to said plane.

54. An automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus for optical imaging of an object, comprising:

at least one lens;

a first sensor comprising a distancing sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of an image of the object that travel through said at least one lens;

a second sensor comprising an imaging sensor adapted to receive light rays representative of the image that travel through said at least one lens and said imaging sensor is adapted to move;

at least one processor coupled to the distancing sensor and the imaging sensor for controlling the movement of the imaging sensor to a position of optimal imaging, and for processing the image received by said imaging sensor,

wherein said distancing sensor is adapted to rotate about at least different axes to find a best CMF plane and wherein said imaging sensor is adapted to rotate said at least two different axes to a position corresponding to the best CMF plane.

55. A method for automatically focusing and optical imaging an object using an automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus including at least one lens, comprising:

determining a distance from the automatic focusing and optical imaging apparatus to the object using a first sensor comprising a distancing sensor in the apparatus;

rotating said distancing sensor about at least two different axes to find a best CMF plane;

adjusting the position of a second sensor comprising an imaging sensor in the apparatus to a position for optimal imaging based on said distance determining step;

rotating said imaging sensor about at least two different axes to an orientation corresponding to the best CMF plane as determined in the rotating said distancing sensor step;

optically imaging the object using the imaging sensor.