Alarm analysis tools method and apparatus

• US 6,690,274 B1
• Filed: 04/30/1999
• Issued: 02/10/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Schneider Electric Systems USA, Inc. (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: Invensys Systems Incorporated (Invensys PLC)
• Inventors: Bristol, Edgar H.
• Primary Examiner(s): POPE, DARYL C
• Application Number:
  US09/303,519
• Time in Patent Office: 1,747 Days
• Field of Search: 340/506, 340/507, 340/511, 340/517, 340/521, 340/523, 340/522, 340/526, 340/3.1
• US Class Current: 340/506
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 23/0267 Fault communication, e.g. human machine interface [HMI]

Abstract

The disclosed alarm analysis tools cope with insufficiently understood process characteristics. The configuration of the alarms and their associated displays are governed by generalized display policies applicable to groups of alarms rather than by detailed configuration of individual alarm action. To aid an operation in the configuration process, another aspect of the invention concerns an alarm selection method and apparatus operating on a computer, which comprises an application window displaying a main alarm list, a selection means to select the alarm indications displayed in the alarm list, and an operations means producing a main alarm list subset having characteristics of the selected alarm indications.

Claims

1. In a computer system, an apparatus for selecting alarms for an alarm monitor system, comprising:

an application window, displaying a main alarm list having a set of alarm indications, and displaying a set of operation indications;

a selector coupled to said application window, capable of defining a set of selected alarm indications from the main alarm list, and defining a selected operation indication from the set of operation indications; and

an operation unit, (i) receiving the set of selected alarm indications and the selected operation indication from said application window as defined by said selector, (ii) affecting the set of alarm indications associated with the set of selected alarm indications in accordance with the received, defined, operation indication, and (iii) transmitting an alarm list subset having characteristics of the selected alarm indications.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said application window comprises a first subwindow, a second subwindow, and a third subwindow, said selector coupled to each said subwindow.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said first subwindow displays the main alarm list, said second subwindow receives a temporary subset of the main alarm list from said first subwindow as defined by said selector, and said third subwindow receives a final subset of the main alarm list from said second subwindow as defined by said selector.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said subwindows are vertical columns in said application window, wherein said first subwindow is the leftmost column and said third subwindow is the rightmost column.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2 further comprising an input file having the main alarm list.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5 further comprising an output file into which the alarm list subset is stored.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said first subwindow displays the main alarm list of said input file, said second subwindow receives a temporary alarm list subset of the main alarm list from said first subwindow as defined by said selector, and said third subwindow receives a final alarm list subset of the main alarm list from said second subwindow as defined by said selector, wherein the final alarm list subset is written to said output file.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said main alarm list includes alarm code acronyms.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said main alarm list further includes alarm icons.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9 wherein in each of said first, second, and third subwindows, respective alarm lists are displayed in a sensibly grouped order.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said sensibly grouped order includes alarm indications listed in alphabetical order.

12. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said first subwindow includes a selection portion that lists the selector defined set of selected alarm indications.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said selector is capable of defining portions of alarm indications in the main alarm list and the temporary alarm list subset.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said selector further highlights the defined portions of alarm indications in a graphical user interface manner.

15. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein the selection portion includes one or more selection combinations of selector defined portions of alarm indications and a wildcard indicator, wherein the selection combinations represent the portions of selector defined alarm indications in combination with an unspecified portion of alarm indications.

16. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the operation unit performs boolean logic operations on the list of alarm indications associated with the set of selected alarm indications with respect to the selected operation.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16 wherein the set of operation indications include move, load, delete, keep clear, and save alarm list operations.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17 wherein each said subwindow has a set of operation indications associated therewith, wherein each operation indication has a graphical area in said application window.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18 wherein:

the main alarm list has a set of alarm indication names; and

the selector defines a set of a full, a beginning, an intermediate, or an ending list of alarm indication name characters.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19 wherein each said alarm list operation indication performs its respective operation on the entire alarm list in said subwindow with which it is associated, said operations having boolean logic functionality for operating on said subwindow alarm list in reference to the selected alarm list text portions.

21. The apparatus according to claim 20 wherein said second subwindow and said third subwindow aggregate alarm indications in response to multiple move operations on the alarm list from said first subwindow and said second subwindow, respectively.

22. An alarm monitor configuration selection method operating on a computer, the method comprising the steps of:

displaying an alarm list of possible alarm indications for selection in an application window, said list being a main alarm list;

receiving an input selection criteria;

operating on the alarm list in response to the input selection criteria; and

producing an alarm list subset having characteristics of the input selection criteria resulting from said operating on the alarm list.

23. The method in claim 22 wherein the step of displaying the alarm list in the application window comprises the step of configuring a first subwindow, a second subwindow, and a third subwindow inside the application window, wherein the first subwindow displays the main alarm list, the second subwindow displays a temporary subset of the main alarm list, and the third subwindow displays a final subset of the alarm list.

24. The method in claim 23 further comprising the steps of:

loading the alarm list from an input file; and

displaying the alarm list in said first subwindow.

25. The method in claim 24 further comprising the step of storing the final alarm list subset to an output file.

26. An alarm monitor configuration selection method operating on a computer, the method comprising the steps of:

providing an application window comprising a first subwindow, a second subwindow, and a third subwindow;

loading an alarm list containing alarm indications from an input file, said alarm list being a main alarm list;

displaying the main alarm list in said first subwindow;

receiving a first input selection criteria referencing the main alarm list in said first subwindow;

operating on the main alarm list in response to the first input selection criteria, wherein a temporary subset of the main alarm list subset is transferred to and displayed in said second subwindow;

receiving a second input selection criteria referencing the temporary subset in said second subwindow;

operating on the temporary subset in said second subwindow in response to the second input selection criteria, wherein a final subset of the main alarm list is transferred to and displayed in said third subwindow; and

storing the final alarm list subset to a file.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein displaying an alarm list in said first, second, and third subwindows includes the step of arranging the alarm indications in a sensibly grouped order.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein the step of arranging results in an alphabetical alarm list.

29. The method of claim 26 further comprising the step of displaying a first input selection criteria in a selection portion of said first subwindow.

30. The method of claim 29 further comprising the step of sweeping alarm indications with a selector to define said first and second input selection criteria.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein the step of sweeping alarm list indications portions includes highlighting a set of alarm list indication portions in a graphical user interface manner.

32. The method of claim 26 wherein the step of operating on the main alarm list in said first subwindow, the temporary alarm list subset in said second subwindow, and the final alarm list subset in said third subwindow is controlled by alarm list operations, each operation having a graphical area indication, each subwindow having at least one associated alarm list operation.

33. The method of claim 32 wherein the step of operating on the alarm list includes boolean logic operations.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the step of operating on the alarm list is selected from the group consisting of moving, loading, deleting, keeping, clearing, and saving alarm list operations.

35. The method of claim 31 wherein the step of highlighting defines a set of a full, a beginning, an intermediate, or an ending list of alarm indication characters.

36. The method of claim 34 wherein multiple move operations result in said second subwindow and said third subwindow aggregating alarm indications.

37. In a computer linked to an alarm system having electronic alarm messages, a method for providing alarm information, the method comprising the steps of:

for each alarm in a plurality of alarms in a subject alarm system, associating a respective alarm indication with each alarm, each alarm indication being a representation of an alarm message;

providing a set of alarm categories having a hierarchy of subcategories, wherein each category includes logically related alarm indications;

for the set of alarm categories, providing a set of categorizations, wherein each categorization includes logically related alarm categories;

receiving alarm messages from the subject alarm system;

mapping each received alarm message to the alarm indication that represents the alarm message;

updating the categories and categorizations by a metric, as a function of the received alarm messages and the alarm indications to which the received alarm messages are mapped; and

displaying a subset of the related categorizations and categories in an organized and meaningful manner, thereby providing alarm information to an operator.

38. The method according to claim 37 wherein a subset of the alarm categories include patterns of alarms, each pattern defining a sequence of alarm indications.

39. The method according to claim 38 wherein the alarm categories include corresponding policies, wherein the steps of updating and displaying the categorizations and categories are performed as a function of said policies.

40. The method according to claim 39 further comprising a step of prioritizing alarm categories and categorizations with respect to one another;

and

wherein the step of displaying the updated categorizations reflects a priority metric of the prioritizing step.

41. The method according to claim 39 wherein the step of updating the categories and categorizations by a metric includes the steps of:

for each alarm indication, providing an alarm criteria;

providing each alarm category and categorization with an alarm counter; and

adjusting each alarm counter in response to a comparison between an associated alarm indication of a received alarm message with the alarm indication'"'"'s respective alarm criteria, wherein a subcategory directly including an alarm indication adjusts its alarm counter for each associated alarm message comparison, and a hierarchically superior alarm category adjusts its alarm counter on a per subcategory and per immediately subordinate alarm indication basis.

42. The method according to claim 41 further comprising the step of determining a set of one word summaries comprising the steps of:

determining a list of indicator categories, an indicator category being a hierarchically highest level alarm category in a display;

scanning all subcategories of the determined indicator categories;

for each scanned subcategory of each determined indicator category, (i) determining which subcategory alarm counter equals the count of the indicator category and whose overall counts has the smallest number of alarm indications, and (ii) using the determined subcategory, forming one word summaries from a subcategory descriptor or alarm indication descriptor of the determined subcategory; and

displaying together the determined indicator category and the respective formed one word summary.

43. The method according to claim 42 further comprising the step of displaying a one word summary of a highest level priority for a subset of the indicator categories.

44. The method according to claim 43 wherein the step of updating comprises the steps of:

providing an alarm message discriminator referencing a subset of alarm indications;

screening the received alarm messages according to the alarm message discriminator, said screening resulting in a working set of alarm messages; and

applying the working set of alarm messages to the steps of determining a one word summary and displaying a subset of the updated categorizations.

45. The method according to claim 44 wherein the step of screening the received alarm message further includes automatically imposing selections of alarm categories to be displayed as a function of the policies.

46. The method according to claim 45 wherein the step of automatically imposing selections includes employing a dynamic alarm limit table, thereby dynamically adjusting a set of ranges for a subset of alarms as a function of the policies.

47. The method according to claim 37 wherein the step of receiving alarm messages includes parsing a frame of alarm messages into individual alarm messages for mapping to alarm indications.

48. The method according to claim 38 wherein for each category having patterns of alarms, an included alarm indication is classified from a group consisting of a causal, an acute, or a consequential alarm type.

49. The method according to claim 38 wherein the step of displaying in an organized manner includes alphabetizing the alarm indications included in the alarm categorizations and categories.

50. The method according to claim 43 wherein the step of displaying a subset of related categories in a meaningful manner includes indicating, for each alarm categorization and category in a subset of alarm categorizations and categories, an alarm activity reference unit indicates a total number of associated received alarm messages and a total number of filtered alarm messages.

51. The method according to claim 50 wherein categorization, category, and alarm indications are displayed having a visual effect including at least one of shading, color, font, and type style.

52. The method according to claim 43 wherein the step of forming a set of one word summaries further includes extending the one word summaries to include indications of additional alarm criteria.

53. The method according to claim 37 wherein the step of displaying in an organized and meaningful manner includes the steps of:

receiving a selection input from an operator; and

displaying a subset of alarm information in response thereto.

54. The method according to claim 37 wherein the step of displaying and hence providing alarm information is selected from a group consisting of logs, battle ribbon alarm/event trends, alarm summary indicator matrices, and prediction/diagnostic displays.

55. The method according to claim 54 wherein the step of displaying further includes displaying specific alarm information in a set of side log displays.

56. The method according to claim 44 wherein the step of screening according to an alarm message discriminator comprises the step of, for a plurality of alarm display consoles, screening the alarm messages according to a console specific alarm message discriminator for each console.

57. The method according to claim 56 wherein the step of screening according to a console specific alarm message discriminator includes alarm message discriminator sharing among consoles, thereby allowing an operator to transfer alarm monitoring duties.

58. The method according to claim 56 wherein the step of screening according to a console specific alarm message discriminator includes transmitting a console specific alarm message discriminator to the alarm system to inhibit alarm messages, thereby sharing the console specific alarm message discriminator with the plurality of alarm display consoles.

59. The method according to claim 37 further including the step of loading an external configuration file, thereby initializing a plurality of variables used to provide the alarm information to an operator.

60. In a computer linked to an alarm system having electronic alarm messages, an apparatus for providing alarm information, the apparatus comprising:

an interface receiving a plurality of alarm messages corresponding to a plurality of alarms from a subject alarm system;

a plurality of alarm indications coupled to said interface, each alarm indication representative of an alarm message for the alarm, different subsets of alarm indications forming different alarm categories and different subsets of categories forming different alarm categorizations;

a processor routine, coupled to the interface and responsive to the received alarm message, the processor routine mapping the alarm messages into alarm indications and updating the categories and categorizations by a metric as a function of the received alarm messages; and

display supported by the processor routine, wherein a subset of the categorizations and categories are displayed in an organized and meaningful manner, thereby providing alarm information to an operator.

61. The apparatus according to claim 60 wherein a subset of alarm categories include patterns of alarms, each pattern defining a sequence of alarm indications.

62. The apparatus according to claim 61 wherein the alarm categories include corresponding policies, wherein the processor routine updates and displays the categorizations and categories as a function of said policies.

63. The apparatus according to claim 62 wherein the processor routine includes a priority generator, wherein alarm categories and categorizations are prioritized with respect to one another, wherein the updated categorizations reflect a priority metric.

64. The apparatus according to claim 62 wherein each alarm categorization and category includes an accumulator, wherein an alarm category directly including an alarm indication adjusts its accumulator in response to the processor routine indicating an active alarm, and a hierarchically superior category adjusts its alarm accumulator on a per subcategory and per directly included alarm indication basis.

65. The apparatus according to claim 64 wherein the display includes a plurality of one word summary subdisplays, a subdisplay being co-located with alarm category and categorization indications, wherein a one word summary is displayed in the one word summary subdisplays, the one word summary being a subcategory descriptor or an alarm indication descriptor for which a subcategory alarm accumulator count equals a count associated with the co-located alarm category or categorization indication, and whose overall count has a smallest number of alarm indications.

66. The apparatus according to claim 65 wherein the display further includes a set of one word summary priority subdisplays co-located with the alarm categories, wherein a one word summary of a highest level priority is displayed.

67. The apparatus according to claim 61 wherein the processor routine comprises an alarm message discriminator, wherein a subset of alarm messages are filtered from a subset of alarm category metric calculations, thereby inhibiting alarm category and categorization accumulator updates as a result of the filtered alarm messages and affecting the display of including alarm categories and categorizations.

68. The apparatus according to claim 67 wherein the processor routine further comprises a dynamic alarm message discriminator having relevant association with said alarm message discriminator, wherein the processor routine dynamically filters alarm messages in response to the dynamic alarm message discriminator, the dynamic alarm message discriminator operating as a function of active alarms.

69. The apparatus according to claim 68 wherein the dynamic alarm message discriminator includes a dynamic alarm limit table, the comparison processor routine employing the dynamic alarm limit table and responsively adjusting a set of ranges for a subset of alarms, thereby dynamically adjusting alarm category and categorization accumulators.

70. The apparatus according to claim 60 wherein said interface receives a plurality of alarm messages in an alarm message frame, said interface parsing the alarm messages out of the alarm message frame, wherein the alarm messages are transferred to the processor routine for updating the alarm categories and categorizations.

71. The apparatus according to claim 65 wherein the alarm categories including patterns of alarms classify alarm indications as being casual, acute, or consequential, said processor routine using the classified alarm indications to dynamically filter alarm messages and predict future alarm events.

72. The apparatus according to claim 61 wherein the processor routine includes an alphabetizer coupled to alarm category indications, the alphabetizer transmitting the alphabetized alarm indications to the processor routine to display the alarm indications in an organized and meaningful manner to the operator.

73. The apparatus according to claim 67 wherein, for a subset of alarm categorization and category indications, an alarm activity reference unit indicates a total number of received alarm messages and a total number of filtered alarm messages.

74. The apparatus according to claim 61 wherein the categorization, category, and alarm indications are displayed having a visual effect including at least one of shading, color, font, and type style.

75. The apparatus according to claim 65 wherein the processor routine calculates an extended one word summary having multiple alarm categorization, category, or alarm indications, the calculated extended one word summaries being transferred to the one word summary subdisplays for presentation to an operator.

76. The apparatus according to claim 61 further including a computer input/output device coupled to the display, thereby allowing an operator to interact with the alarm information.

77. The apparatus according to claim 61 wherein the display includes display formats selected from a group consisting of logs, battle ribbon alarm/event trends, alarm summary indicator matrices, and prediction/diagnostic displays.

78. The apparatus according to claim 77 wherein the display further includes side log displays, wherein specific alarm information is presented by the processor routine in an organized and meaningful manner.

79. The apparatus according to claim 68 further comprising a set of operator consoles, wherein each console has a unique alarm message discriminator.

80. The apparatus according to claim 79 wherein each operator console has a communication interface allowing alarm message discriminator sharing among the set of consoles.

81. The apparatus according to claim 80 wherein a console interface communicates in a bidirectional manner to the subject alarm system, thereby allowing a console to transmit a console specific alarm message discriminator to the alarm system to inhibit alarm messages specified to be filtered from being broadcast, thereby sharing the console specific alarm message discriminator with the plurality of operator consoles.

82. The apparatus according to claim 62 further including an external configuration file, wherein the external configuration file is loaded into the processor routine, the external configuration file having a plurality of initialization values for initializing a plurality of alarm processor variables used by the processor routine.