Phased array antenna having reduced beam settling times and related methods

• US 6,690,324 B2
• Filed: 11/09/2001
• Issued: 02/10/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 12/12/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NETGEAR, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Harris Corporation (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Inventors: Vail, David Kenyon, Tabor, Frank J., Blom, Daniel P., Wilson, Stephen S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Issing, Gregory C.
• Application Number:
  US09/991,495
• Publication Number:
  US 20020070897A1
• Time in Patent Office: 823 Days
• Field of Search: 342/368, 342/371, 342/372, 342/377
• US Class Current: 342/372
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/38 formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/26 varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture H01Q3/12, H01Q3/22, H01Q3/24 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/36 with variable phase-shifters

Abstract

A phased array antenna may include a substrate and a plurality of phased array antenna elements carried by the substrate. The phased array antenna may also include a plurality of antenna element controllers for the phased array antenna elements and a central controller for providing beam steering commands and edge trigger synchronization signals for the antenna element controllers. Furthermore, each of the antenna element controllers may store a respective next beam steering command and implement the respective next beam steering command as a respective active beam steering command responsive to the edge trigger synchronization signal from the central controller. The edge trigger synchronization signal may be delivered substantially simultaneously to all of the antenna element controllers, and each antenna element controller may detect the edge trigger synchronization pulse only during a predetermined time window, for example.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna comprising:

a substrate and a plurality of phased array antenna elements carried by said substrate;

a plurality of antenna element controllers for said phased array antenna elements; and

a central controller for communicating with a host and for

providing beam steering commands to said antenna element controllers during a normal state,

providing a ready signal for placing said antenna element controllers in a synchronization state corresponding to a predetermined time window during which the host will provide an edge trigger synchronization signal, and

passing the edge trigger synchronization signal from the host to said antenna element controllers substantially immediately upon receipt thereof and without processing thereof;

each of said antenna element controllers storing a respective next beam steering command and implementing the respective next beam steering command as a respective active beam steering command responsive to the edge trigger synchronization signal from said central controller.

2. The phased array antenna according to claim 1 further comprising a distribution network connecting said central controller to said plurality of antenna element controllers.

3. The phased array antenna according to claim 1 wherein said central controller comprises a multiplexer switchable between the normal state for delivering beam steering commands to said antenna element controllers and the synchronization state for delivering the edge trigger synchronization signal to all of said antenna element controllers.

4. The phased array antenna according to claim 1 wherein each antenna element controller comprises at least one holding register for storing the next beam steering command.

5. The phased array antenna according to claim 1 wherein each antenna element controller comprises at least one active register for storing the active beam steering command.

6. The phased array antenna according to claim 1 further comprising at least one array subgroup controller connected between said central controller and a subgroup of said antenna element controllers.

7. The phased array antenna according to claim 1 wherein the beam steering commands comprise at least one of a phase value, attenuation value, and a delay value.

8. A phased array antenna comprising:

a substrate and a plurality of phased array antenna elements carried by said substrate;

a plurality of antenna element controllers for said phased array antenna elements;

central controller for communicating with a host and for

providing beam steering commands to said antenna element controllers during a normal state,

providing a ready signal for placing said antenna element controllers in a synchronization state corresponding to a predetermined time window during which the host will provide an edge trigger synchronization signal, and

passing the edge trigger synchronization signal from the host to said antenna element controllers substantially immediately upon receipt thereof and without processing thereof; and

a distribution network connecting said central controller to said plurality of antenna element controllers;

said central controller comprising a multiplexer switchable between the normal state for delivering beam steering commands to said antenna element controllers and the synchronization state for delivering the edge trigger synchronization signal to all of said antenna element controllers;

each of said antenna element controllers storing a respective next beam steering command and implementing the respective next beam steering command as a respective active beam steering command responsive to the edge trigger synchronization signal from said central controller.

9. The phased array antenna according to claim 8 wherein each antenna element controller comprises at least one holding register for storing the next beam steering command.

10. The phased array antenna according to claim 8 wherein each antenna element controller comprises at least one active register for storing the active beam steering command.

11. The phased array antenna according to claim 8 further comprising at least one array subgroup controller connected between said central controller and a subgroup of said antenna element controllers.

12. The phased array antenna according to claim 8 wherein the beam steering commands comprise at least one of a phase value, attenuation value, and a delay value.

13. A phased array antenna comprising:

a substrate and a plurality of phased array antenna elements carried by said substrate;

a plurality of antenna element controllers for said phased array antenna elements;

a central controller for communicating with a host and for

providing beam steering commands to said antenna element controllers during a normal state, the beam steering commands comprising at least one of a phase value, attenuation value, and a delay value;

providing a ready signal for placing said antenna element controllers in a synchronization state corresponding to a predetermined time window during which the host will provide an edge trigger synchronization signal, and

passing the edge trigger synchronization signal from the host to said antenna element controllers substantially immediately upon receipt thereof and without processing thereof; and

at least one array subgroup controller connected between said central controller and a subgroup of said antenna element controllers;

each of said antenna element controllers storing a respective next beam steering command and implementing the respective next beam steering command as a respective active beam steering command responsive to the synchronization signal from said central controller.

14. The phased array antenna according to claim 13 further comprising a distribution network connecting said central controller to said plurality of element controllers.

15. The phased array antenna according to claim 13 wherein said central controller comprises a multiplexer switchable between a normal state for delivering beam steering commands to said antenna element controllers and a synchronization state for delivering the synchronization signal to all of said antenna element controllers.

16. The phased array antenna according to claim 13 wherein each antenna element controller comprises at least one holding register for storing the next beam steering command.

17. The phased array antenna according to claim 13 wherein each antenna element controller comprises at least one active register for storing the active beam steering command.

18. A method for operating a phased array antenna of a type comprising a substrate and a plurality of phased array antenna elements carried by the substrate, a plurality of antenna element controllers for the phased array antenna elements, and a central controller for communicating with a host and for providing beam steering commands to the antenna element controllers during a normal state, the method comprising:

using the central controller to provide a ready signal for placing the antenna element controllers in a synchronization state corresponding to a predetermined time window during which the host will provide an edge trigger synchronization signal, and to pass the edge trigger synchronization signal from the host to antenna element controllers substantially immediately upon receipt thereof and without processing thereof; and

at each of the antenna element controllers storing a respective next beam steering command and implementing the respective next beam steering command as a respective active beam steering command responsive to the edge trigger synchronization signal from the central controller.

19. The method according to claim 18 wherein the central controller comprises a multiplexer, and further comprising:

switching the multiplexer between the normal state for delivering beam steering commands to the antenna element controllers, and the synchronization state for delivering the edge trigger synchronization signal to all of the antenna element controllers.

20. The method according to claim 18 further comprising at least one array subgroup controller connected between the central controller and a subgroup of the antenna element controllers.

21. The method according to claim 18 wherein the beam steering commands comprise at least one of a phase value and an attenuation value.