Power savings in a voltage supply controlled according to a work capability operating mode of an integrated circuit

• US 6,693,412 B2
• Filed: 06/24/2002
• Issued: 02/17/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 06/24/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Nguyen, Don J., Ruan, Helen H.
• Primary Examiner(s): STERRETT, JEFFREY L
• Application Number:
  US10/179,638
• Publication Number:
  US 20030234636A1
• Time in Patent Office: 603 Days
• Field of Search: 323/225, 323/271, 323/282, 323/283, 323/350, 323/351
• US Class Current: 323/282
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/26 Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof for memories G11C
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3203 Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3296 by lowering the supply or operating voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/002 in which a reserve is maintained in an energy source by disconnecting non-critical loads, e.g. maintaining a reserve of charge in a vehicle battery for starting an engine
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0032 Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1588 comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

Power is applied to a voltage supply. A signal that indicates reduced work capability in an integrated circuit (IC) that is being powered by the voltage supply is generated based on workload demand or conscious power and performance tradeoffs. This signal is applied to increase the power efficiency of the voltage supply, while the supply is powering the IC in its reduced work capability state.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a switching voltage regulator coupled between a power supply node and power return node, capable of repeatedly opening and closing (1) a first low impedance path between an output node and the power supply node and (2) a second low impedance path between the output node and the power return node, to regulate a voltage of the output node;

an integrated circuit (IC) having a supply voltage input coupled to the output node; and

means for closing the second path but not the first path under control of a first signal that indicates a work capability mode of the integrated circuit.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the IC includes a processor die having said supply voltage input.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the IC further includes a system chipset communicatively coupled to the processor die.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the first signal originates from the processor die.

5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the first signal originates from the system chipset.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the means for closing is further under control of a second signal that indicates a work capability mode of the IC.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the second signal originates from the processor die.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the first signal is a digital signal that, when asserted, indicates that the processor die is in an active mode, and the second signal is a digital signal that, when asserted, indicates that the processor die is in a sleep mode.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the means for closing is further under control of a third signal that is used for throttling a processor clock.

10. A method comprising:

applying power to a switching voltage regulator;

generating a first digital signal that indicates a state of reduced work capability in an integrated circuit (IC) that is being powered by the switching regulator; and

using the first signal to reduce leakage current in the regulator while the regulator is powering the IC in the reduced work capability state, wherein the leakage current is reduced by cutting off a low impedance path through a power switching device of the regulator, while the first signal remains asserted, using a lower leakage power switching device in series with the path.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the leakage current is reduced, without changing a regulated output voltage of the switching regulator.

12. The method of claim 10 further comprising:

generating a second digital signal that indicates a further state of reduced work capability in the IC; and

generating a third digital signal that indicates a further state of reduced work capability in the IC;

wherein said reduction in leakage current is performed in response to any one of the first, second and third signals being asserted, while the regulator is powering the IC in the respective state.

13. The method of claim 10 wherein the reduced work capability state is a sleep state, and the first digital signal is generated in response to the IC entering the sleep state following a power management routine being executed to reduce power consumption in a system of which the IC is a part.

14. A system comprising:

a printed wiring board having signal and power lines;

a step down switching voltage regulator installed on the board, coupled to the signal and power lines, and coupled between a power supply node and a power return node, the regulator having a driver stage coupled to drive (1) a first switching power device that can provide a first low impedance path between an output node and the power supply node and (2) a second switching power device that can provide a second low impedance path between the output node and the power return node;

an integrated circuit (IC) installed on the board, coupled to the signal and power lines, and having a supply voltage input coupled to the output node, wherein the voltage regulator further includes a gate circuit coupled between an output of the driver stage and a control electrode of the second switching power device, the gate circuit being under the control of a first digital signal that, when asserted, indicates the IC is operating in a reduced work capability mode; and

a main power supply that is coupled to supply power to the regulator via the power supply and return nodes.

15. The system of claim 14 wherein the gate circuit includes an AND gate having a first input coupled to the output of the driver stage, a second input coupled to receive the first signal, and an output coupled to the control electrode.

16. The system of claim 14 wherein the voltage regulator further includes a third switching power device coupled in the second path to close the second path under control of the first signal.

17. The system of claim 16 wherein the first signal is to be used for throttling a processor clock.

18. The system of claim 14 wherein the gate circuit is under further control of a second digital signal that, when asserted, indicates that the IC is operating in a different work capability state than the one indicated by the first signal.

19. The system of claim 18 wherein the IC includes a processor die, and the states of work capability are different degrees of sleep for the processor die.

20. A system comprising:

a switching voltage regulator having synchronous and non-synchronous operation capabilities; and

an integrated circuit (IC) to receive a supply voltage from the regulator, and to provide a signal that indicates a reduced work capability state of the IC and selects said non-synchronous operation in the regulator when the regulator is to power the IC in the reduced work capability state.

21. An apparatus comprising:

a switching voltage regulator coupled between a power supply node and a power return node, the regulator having a driver stage coupled to drive (1) a first switching power device that can provide a first low impedance path between an output node and the power supply node and (2) a second switching power device that can provide a second low impedance path between the output node and the power return node, and an integrated circuit (IC) having a supply voltage input coupled to the output node, wherein the voltage regulator further includes a third switching power device coupled in the second path to close the second path under control of a first signal that indicates work capability of the IC.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 further comprising a printed wiring board having signal and power lines that connect the regulator and the IC which have been installed on the board.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the IC includes a processor die and a system chipset communicatively coupled to each other via the board, and wherein the first signal is a digital signal that originates from one of the processor die and chipset.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 further comprising a main power supply that is coupled to supply power to the regulator via the power supply and return nodes.

25. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein the main power supply includes a rechargeable battery.

26. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the third power switching device has a lower cutoff leakage current than the second power switching device.

27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the first, second, and third power switching devices are power field effect transistors.

28. A method comprising:

applying power to a switching voltage regulator;

generating a first digital signal that indicates a state of reduced work capability in an integrated circuit (IC) that is being powered by the switching regulator; and

using the first signal to reduce transistor switching loss in the regulator while the regulator is powering the IC in the reduced work capability state, wherein the transistor switching loss is reduced by preventing a power switching device of the regulator from being switched while the first signal remains asserted.

29. The method of claim 28 wherein the reduced work capability state is a sleep state, and the first digital signal is generated in response to the IC entering the sleep state following a power management routine being executed to reduce power consumption in a system of which the IC is a part.