Electrically pumped long-wavelength VCSEL with air gap DBR and methods of fabrication
First Claim
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1. A method of fabricating an electrically pumped, long-wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser comprising the steps of:
- epitaxially growing an indium phosphide based stack of alternate layers of a first material and a second material, including epitaxially growing alternate layers of InP and one of InGaAsP and InAlGaAs, on a compatible indium phosphide based substrate;
epitaxially growing a long wave-length indium phosphide based active region on the stack wherein the long wave-length active region substantially emits light at a wavelength in a range from approximately 1.2 microns to 2 microns;
defining a lasing aperture and current confinement volume in the long wave-length active region;
forming a first mirror stack by metamorphically growing a distributed Bragg reflector on the long wave-length active region in alignment with the lasing aperture and current confinement volume; and
removing by etching portions of one of the first material and the second material in the lasing aperture to form a mirror stack with a high reflectivity portion and retaining the one of the first material and the second material adjacent to and partially surrounding the lasing aperture and in thermal contact with the active region to provide a high thermal conductivity portion for dissipating a substantial amount of heat from the long wave-length active region, by selectively undercutting the InP layers in alignment with the lasing aperture and current confinement volume.
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Abstract
A method of fabricating an electrically pumped, long-wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes epitaxially growing a stack of alternate layers of a first material and a second material on a compatible substrate. A long wave-length active region is epitaxially grown on the stack and a lasing aperture and current confinement volume are defined in the long wave-length active region. A first mirror stack is formed on the long wave-length active region and portions of one of the first material and the second material are removed to form a high reflectivity second mirror stack.
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7 Claims
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1. A method of fabricating an electrically pumped, long-wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser comprising the steps of:
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epitaxially growing an indium phosphide based stack of alternate layers of a first material and a second material, including epitaxially growing alternate layers of InP and one of InGaAsP and InAlGaAs, on a compatible indium phosphide based substrate;
epitaxially growing a long wave-length indium phosphide based active region on the stack wherein the long wave-length active region substantially emits light at a wavelength in a range from approximately 1.2 microns to 2 microns;
defining a lasing aperture and current confinement volume in the long wave-length active region;
forming a first mirror stack by metamorphically growing a distributed Bragg reflector on the long wave-length active region in alignment with the lasing aperture and current confinement volume; and
removing by etching portions of one of the first material and the second material in the lasing aperture to form a mirror stack with a high reflectivity portion and retaining the one of the first material and the second material adjacent to and partially surrounding the lasing aperture and in thermal contact with the active region to provide a high thermal conductivity portion for dissipating a substantial amount of heat from the long wave-length active region, by selectively undercutting the InP layers in alignment with the lasing aperture and current confinement volume. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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