Point-to-multipoint digital radio frequency transport

• US 6,704,545 B1
• Filed: 07/19/2000
• Issued: 03/09/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 07/19/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: CommScope Technologies, LLC (CommScope Holding Company, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: ADC Telecommunications Incorporated (TE Connectivity Limited)
• Inventors: Wala, Philip M.
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, DUC M
• Application Number:
  US09/619,431
• Time in Patent Office: 1,329 Days
• Field of Search: 455/7, 455/14-22, 455/86, 455/553, 455/561, 370/389, 370/398, 370/452, 370/458, 370/460, 370/521, 370/907, 398/138, 398/139, 398/135, 398/173
• US Class Current: 455/16
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 7/4006 Conversion to or from arithmetic code
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/25753 Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/25754 Star network topology
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/02 Details
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2606 Arrangements for base station coverage control, e.g. by using relays in tunnels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 51/04 Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 51/48 Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 51/58 Message adaptation for wireless communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1016 IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1104 Session initiation protocol [SIP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/109 among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/139 Analysis of motion vectors, e.g. their magnitude, direction, variance or reliability
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/625 using discrete cosine transform [DCT]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/91 Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0067 Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0047 Broadcast; Multicast
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/06 Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/12 Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/14 Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/30 Resource management for broadcast services
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/08 : Access point devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/085 : Access point devices with remote components
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 370/906 : Fiber data distribution interface, FDDI
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 370/907 : Synchronous optical network, SONET

Abstract

A digital radio frequency transport system that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution is provided. The transport system includes a digital host unit and at least two digital remote units coupled to the digital host unit. The bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution is performed between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units.

Claims

1. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit; and

at least two digital remote units coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units;

wherein the digital host unit includes;

at least two optical receivers each coupled to one of the at least two digital remote units;

at least two clock and bit recovery circuits each coupled to an output of one of the at least two optical receivers; and

at least two demultiplexers each coupled to an output of one of the at least two clock and bit recovery circuits.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a wireless interface device coupled to the digital host unit.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the wireless interface device comprises a base station that couples directly to the digital host unit via coaxial cables.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the wireless interface device comprises a base station that wirelessly connects to the digital host unit via bi-directional amplifier that is coupled to an antenna.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least two digital remote units each include a main radio frequency antenna which transmits and receives radio frequency signals.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital host unit includes a radio frequency to digital converter that converts a main radio frequency signal to a digitized radio frequency signal.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the digital host unit further includes a multiplexer which splits the digitized radio frequency signal into at least two digital signals for optical transmission to the at least two digital remote units.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the digital host unit further comprises an alarm/control interface circuit coupled to the multiplexer.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital host unit includes local oscillators coupled to a reference oscillator for synchronization of the radio frequency signal in the forward direction and in the reverse direction.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital host unit is coupled to each of the at least two digital remote units by a multimode fiber pair.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital host unit further includes a field programmable gate array coupled to an output of each of the at least two demultiplexers, wherein the field programmable gate array receives a digital radio frequency signal from each of the at least two demultiplexers.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the field programmable gate array includes a summer that sums together the digital radio frequency signals from each of the at least two demultiplexers.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the field programmable gate array further includes an overflow algorithm circuit, which allows the summed digital radio frequency signals to saturate and keeps the summed signal within a defined number of bits.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the overflow algorithm circuit comprises a limiter.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the digital host unit further includes a digital to radio frequency converter coupled to an output of the field programmable gate array, wherein the radio frequency converter receives the summed digital radio frequency signal and converts it to an analog radio frequency signal.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the digital to radio frequency converter comprises a digital to analog converter.

17. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least two digital remote units each comprise:

a main radio frequency antenna;

a duplexer coupled to the main radio frequency antenna;

a radio frequency to digital converter coupled to an output of the duplexer;

a multiplexer coupled to an output of the radio frequency to digital converter; and

an optical transmitter coupled to an output of the multiplexer.

18. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit, and

at least two digital remote units coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units;

wherein the at least two digital remote units each comprise;

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to an output of the optical receiver;

a demultiplexer coupled to an output of the clock and bit recovery circuit;

a digital to radio frequency converter coupled to the output of the demultiplexer;

a duplexer coupled to an output of the digital to radio frequency converter; and

a main radio frequency antenna coupled to an output of the duplexer.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the at least two digital remote units each further comprise:

a duplexer coupled to the main radio frequency antenna;

a radio frequency to digital converter coupled to an output of the duplexer;

a multiplexer coupled to an output of the radio frequency to digital converter; and

an optical transmitter coupled to an output of the multiplexer.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the digital to radio frequency converter includes a digital to analog converter.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the radio frequency converter includes an analog to digital converter.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein the at least two digital remote units each further comprise a programmable logic circuit coupled to an output of the radio frequency to digital converter and a reference oscillator coupled between the programmable logic circuit and the clock and bit recovery circuit, wherein the programmable logic circuit monitors the system for error conditions and reports error modes.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the at least two digital remote units each further comprise a synthesizer circuit coupled to an output of the programmable logic device and a first and a second local oscillator coupled to a first and a second output, respectively, of the synthesizer.

24. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit;

at least two digital remote units coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units; and

a digital expansion unit coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the digital expansion unit contains circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the digital remote unit;

wherein the digital expansion unit comprises;

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to an output of the optical receiver; and

a plurality of optical transmitters coupled to an output of the clock and bit recovery circuit, wherein the optical transmitters are each coupleable to a digital remote unit or a digital expansion unit.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the digital expansion unit is coupled to the digital host unit by a multimode fiber pair.

26. The system of claim 24, wherein the digital expansion unit is coupled to the digital host unit by single mode fiber.

27. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit;

at least two digital remote units coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units; and

a digital expansion unit coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the digital expansion unit contains circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the digital remote unit;

wherein the digital expansion unit comprises;

a plurality of optical receivers;

a plurality of clock and bit recovery circuits each coupled to an output of one of the plurality of optical receivers;

a plurality of demultiplexers each coupled to an output of one of the clock and bit recovery circuits;

a summer coupled to an output of each of the plurality of demultiplexers;

a multiplexer coupled to an output of the field programmable gate array; and

an optical transmitter coupled to an output of the multiplexer.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein the summer comprises a field programmable gate array that sums together digital radio frequency signals from the plurality of demultiplexers.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein the field programmable gate array includes an overflow algorithm circuit, which allows the summed digital radio frequency signals to saturate and keeps the summed signal within a defined number of bits.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein the overflow algorithm circuit comprises a limiter.

31. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit;

at least one digital expansion unit coupled to the digital host unit; and

at least two digital remote units, each coupled to one of the digital host unit and the digital expansion unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units;

wherein the at least one digital expansion unit comprises;

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to an output of the optical receiver; and

a plurality of optical transmitters coupled to an output of the clock and bit recovery circuit, wherein the optical transmitters are each coupleable to a digital remote unit or a digital expansion unit.

32. The system of claim 31, further comprising a wireless interface device coupled to the digital host unit.

33. The system of claim 32, wherein the wireless interface device comprises a base station that couples directly to the digital host unit via coaxial cables.

34. The system of claim 32, wherein the wireless interface device comprises a base station that wirelessly connects to the digital host unit via a bi-directional amplifier that is coupled to an antenna.

35. The system of claim 31, wherein at least one digital remote unit is to coupled the digital host unit.

36. The system of claim 31, wherein at least one digital remote unit is coupled to one of the at least two digital expansion units.

37. The system of claim 31, wherein the at least one digital expansion units are each coupled to the digital host unit via a multimode fiber pair.

38. The system of claim 31, wherein the at least one digital expansion unit is coupled to the digital host unit via a single mode fiber.

39. The system of claim 31, wherein the digital host unit includes a radio frequency to digital converter that converts a main radio frequency signal to a digitized radio frequency signal.

40. The system of claim 39, wherein the digital host unit further includes a multiplexer which splits the digitized radio frequency signal into at least two digital signals for optical transmission to the at least two digital remote units.

41. The system of claim 31, wherein the digital host unit includes local oscillators coupled to a reference oscillator for synchronization of the radio frequency signal in the forward direction and in the reverse direction.

49. The system of claim 40, wherein the field programmable gate array includes an alarm/control interface circuit.

50. The system of claim 40, wherein the field programmable gate array includes an overflow algorithm circuit, which allows the summed digital radio frequency signals to saturate and keeps the summed signal within a defined number of bits.

51. The system of claim 50, wherein the overflow algorithm circuit comprises a limiter.

52. The system of claim 50, wherein the digital host unit further includes a digital to radio frequency converter coupled to an output of the field programmable gate array, wherein the radio frequency converter receives the summed digital radio frequency signal and converts it to an analog radio frequency signal.

53. The system of claim 52, wherein the digital to radio frequency converter comprises a digital to analog converter.

42. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit;

at least one digital expansion unit coupled to the digital host unit; and

at least two digital remote units, each coupled to one of the digital host unit and the digital expansion unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units;

wherein the at least one digital expansion unit comprises;

a plurality of optical receivers;

a plurality of clock and bit recovery circuits each coupled to an output of one of the plurality of optical receivers;

a plurality of demultiplexers each coupled to an output of one of the clock and bit recovery circuits;

a summer coupled to an output of each of the plurality of demultiplexers;

a multiplexer coupled to an output of the field programmable gate array; and

an optical transmitter coupled to an output of the multiplexer.

43. The system of claim 42, wherein the summer includes a field programmable gate array that sums together digital radio frequency signals from the plurality of demultiplexers.

44. The system of claim 42, wherein the field programmable gate array includes an overflow algorithm circuit, which allows the summed digital radio frequency signals to saturate and keeps the summed signal within a defined number of bits.

45. The system of claim 44, wherein the overflow algorithm circuit comprises a limiter.

46. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit;

at least one digital expansion unit coupled to the digital host unit; and

at least two digital remote units, each coupled to one of the digital host unit and the digital expansion unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units;

wherein the digital host unit includes;

at least two optical receivers each coupled to one of the at least two digital expansion units;

at least two clock and bit recovery circuits each coupled to an output of one of the at least two optical receivers; and

at least two demultiplexers each coupled to an output of one of the at least two clock and bit recovery circuits.

47. The system of claim 46, wherein the digital host unit further includes a summer coupled to an output of each of the at least two demultiplexers, wherein the summer receives a digital radio frequency signal from each of the at least two demultiplexers.

48. The system of claim 47, wherein the summer includes a field programmable gate array that sums together the digital radio frequency signals from each of the at least two demultiplexers.

54. A method of performing multipoint-to-point digital radio frequency transport, the method comprising:

receiving analog radio frequency signals at multiple digital remote units;

converting the analog radio frequency signals to digital radio frequency signals at each of the digital remote units;

optically transmitting the digital radio frequency signals from each of the digital remote units to a digital host unit;

receiving the multiple digital radio frequency signals at the digital host unit;

summing the multiple digital radio frequency signals together; and

converting the digital radio frequency signals back to analog radio frequency signals and transmitting the signals to a wireless interface device for further transmission to a switched telephone network;

wherein the digital host unit includes;

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to the optical receiver; and

a demultiplexer coupled to the clock and bit recovery circuit.

55. The method of claim 54, wherein converting the analog radio frequency signals to digital radio frequency signals comprises amplifying the analog radio frequency signals.

56. The method of claim 54, wherein converting the analog radio frequency signals to digital radio frequency signals comprises synchronizing a reverse path local oscillator to a master clock so as to reduce end-to-end frequency translation.

57. A method of performing point-to-multipoint digital radio frequency transport, the method comprising:

receiving radio frequency signals at a digital host unit;

converting the radio frequency signals to a digitized radio frequency spectrum;

optically transmitting the digitized radio frequency spectrum to a plurality of digital remote units;

receiving the digitized radio frequency spectrum at the plurality of digital remote units;

converting the digitized radio frequency spectrum to analog radio frequency signals; and

transmitting the analog radio frequency signals via a main radio frequency antenna at each of the plurality of digital remote units;

wherein the digital host unit includes;

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to the optical receiver; and

a demultiplexer coupled to the clock and bit recovery circuit.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein converting the radio frequency signals to a digitized radio frequency spectrum comprises amplifying the radio frequency signals.

59. The method of claim 57, wherein converting the radio frequency signals to a digitized radio frequency spectrum digital radio frequency signals comprises synchronizing a forward path local oscillator to a reference oscillator so as to reduce end-to-end frequency translation.

60. The method of claim 57, wherein converting the digitized radio frequency spectrum to analog radio frequency signals comprises amplifying the analog radio frequency signals.

61. The method of claim 57, wherein converting the digitized radio frequency spectrum to analog radio frequency signals comprises synchronizing a forward path local oscillator to a reference oscillator so as to reduce end-to-end frequency translation.

62. A method of performing point-to-multipoint digital radio frequency transport, the method comprising:

receiving radio frequency signals at a digital host unit;

converting the radio frequency signals to a digitized radio frequency spectrum;

optically transmitting a first digitized radio frequency spectrum to a first plurality of digital remote units and at least one digital expansion unit;

receiving the digitized radio frequency spectrum at the first plurality of digital remote units;

converting the digitized radio frequency spectrum to analog radio frequency signals at each of the first plurality of digital remote units;

receiving the digital radio frequency signals at the at least one digital expansion unit;

optically transmitting a second digitized radio frequency spectrum to a second plurality of digital remote units;

receiving the second digitized radio frequency spectrum at the second plurality of digital remote units;

converting the second digitized radio frequency spectrum to analog radio frequency signals at each of the second plurality of digital remote units; and

transmitting the analog radio frequency signals via a main radio frequency antenna at each of the first and second plurality of digital remote units;

wherein the digital host unit includes;

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to the optical receiver; and

a demultiplexer coupled to the clock and bit recovery circuit.

63. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit; and

at least two digital remote units coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the at least two digital remote units each include;

a main radio frequency antenna;

a duplexer coupled to the main radio frequency antenna which receives radio frequency signals in the reverse path and transmits radio frequency signals in the forward path;

a radio frequency to digital converter coupled to the duplexer in the reverse path;

a digital to radio frequency converter coupled to the duplexer in the forward path;

a multiplexer chip set coupled to the radio frequency to digital converter in the reverse path and the digital to radio frequency converter in the forward path;

an optical transmitter coupled to an output of the multiplexer chip set; and

an optical receiver coupled to an input of the multiplexer chip set;

wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units;

wherein the digital host unit includes;

at least two optical receivers each coupled to one of the at least two digital remote units;

at least two clock and bit recovery circuits each coupled to an output of one of the at least two optical receivers, and

at least two demultiplexers each coupled to an output of one of the at least two clock and bit recovery circuits.

64. The system of claim 63, wherein the digital host unit includes an alarm/control interface circuit.

65. The system of claim 63, wherein the digital host unit further includes a field programmable gate array coupled to an output of each of the at least two demultiplexers, wherein the field programmable gate array receives a digital radio frequency signal from each of the at least two demultiplexers.

66. The system of claim 65, wherein the field programmable gate array includes a summer that sums together the digital radio frequency signals from each of the at least two demultiplexers.

67. The system of claim 66, wherein the field programmable gate array further includes an overflow algorithm circuit, which allows the summed digital radio frequency signals to saturate and keeps the summed signal within a defined number of bits.

68. The system of claim 67, wherein the overflow algorithm circuit comprises a limiter.

69. The system of claim 66, wherein the digital host unit further includes a digital to radio frequency converter coupled to an output of the field programmable gate array, wherein the radio frequency converter receives the summed digital radio frequency signal and converts it to an analog radio frequency signal.

70. The system of claim 69, wherein the digital to radio frequency converter comprises a digital to analog converter.

71. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit, wherein the digital host unit includes;

a radio frequency to digital converter;

a multiplexer coupled to an output of the radio frequency to digital converter;

a plurality of optical transmitters coupled to an output of the multiplexer

a first local oscillator coupled to an input of the radio frequency to digital converter;

a reference oscillator coupled to an input of the first local oscillator;

a second local oscillator coupled to an output of the reference oscillator;

a digital to radio frequency converter coupled to an output of the second local oscillator;

a channel summer coupled to an input of the digital to radio frequency converter;

a plurality of demultiplexers coupled to the channel summer;

a plurality of clock and bit recovery circuits, wherein each of the plurality of clock and bit recovery circuits are coupled to one of each of the plurality of demultiplexers; and

a plurality of optical receivers, wherein each of the plurality of optical receivers are coupled to one of each of the plurality of clock and bit recovery circuits;

at least two digital remote units each coupled to one of the plurality of optical receivers, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units.

72. The system of claim 71, wherein the at least two digital remote units each comprise:

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to an output of the optical receiver;

a demultiplexer coupled to an output of the clock and bit recovery circuit;

a digital to radio frequency converter coupled to an output of the demultiplexer;

a duplexer coupled to an output of the digital to radio frequency converter; and

a main radio frequency antenna coupled to an output of the duplexer.

73. The system of claim 72, wherein the at least two digital remote units each further comprise:

a duplexer coupled to the main radio frequency antenna;

a radio frequency to digital converter coupled to an output of the duplexer;

a multiplexer coupled to an output of the radio frequency to digital converter; and

an optical transmitter coupled to an output of the multiplexer.

74. The system of claim 73, wherein the digital to radio frequency converter includes a digital to analog converter.

75. The system of claim 73, wherein the radio frequency converter includes an analog to digital converter.

76. The system of claim 73, wherein the at least two digital remote units each further comprise a programmable logic circuit coupled to an output of the radio frequency to digital converter and a reference oscillator coupled between the programmable logic circuit and the clock and bit recovery circuit, wherein the programmable logic circuit monitors the system for error conditions and reports error modes.

77. The system of claim 76, wherein the at least two digital remote units each further comprise a synthesizer circuit coupled to an output of the programmable logic device and a first and a second local oscillator coupled to a first and a second output, respectively, of the synthesizer.

78. The system of claim 71, wherein the at least two digital remote units each comprise:

a main radio frequency antenna;

a duplexer coupled to the main radio frequency antenna;

a radio frequency to digital converter coupled to an output of the duplexer;

a multiplexer coupled to an output of the radio frequency to digital converter; and

an optical transmitter coupled to an output of the multiplexer.

79. A digital radio frequency transport system, comprising:

a digital host unit, wherein the digital host unit includes a channel summer;

at least one digital expansion unit coupled to the digital host unit; and

at least two digital remote units coupled to the digital host unit, wherein the digital host unit includes shared circuitry that performs bi-directional simultaneous digital radio frequency distribution between the digital host unit and the at least two digital remote units;

wherein the digital host unit includes;

an optical receiver;

a clock and bit recovery circuit coupled to the optical receiver; and

a demultiplexer coupled to the clock and bit recovery circuit.