Automated system and method for withdrawing compounds from blood

• US 6,706,008 B2
• Filed: 03/06/2001
• Issued: 03/16/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 03/06/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Westberg, Tom, Brown, Richard I., Min, Kyungyoon, Vishnoi, Rohit
• Primary Examiner(s): Lazarus, Ira S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, CAMTU TRAN
• Application Number:
  US09/800,133
• Publication Number:
  US 20020128581A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,106 Days
• Field of Search: 604/5.01, 604/4.01, 604/6.01, 604/6.02, 604/6.04, 604/6.11, 604/6.05, 210/85
• US Class Current: 604/5.01
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/30 Single needle dialysis ; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/302 having a reservoir for withdrawn untreated blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/303 having a reservoir for treated blood to be returned
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/308 Volume control, e.g. with open or flexible containers, by counting the number of pump revolutions, weighing
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/342 Adding solutions to the blood, e.g. substitution solutions for preventing coagulation A61M1/3672
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3441 Substitution rate control as a function of the ultrafiltration rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3622 with a cassette forming partially or totally the blood circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362227 the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36225 with blood pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362261 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362265 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362266 Means for adding solutions or substances to the blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3672 Means preventing coagulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3675 Deactivation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3679 by absorption A61M1/3675 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3687 Chemical treatment A61M1/3675 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3692 Washing or rinsing blood or blood constituents
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3693 using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3696 with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/12 with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit

Abstract

Automated systems and methods for withdrawing a selected compound from blood are disclosed. The systems and methods utilize a disposable fluid circuit mounted on a re-usable hardware component or module. The system withdraws blood from a donor or patient, separates the blood into two or more components and further combines the separated component with a solvent so as to remove a compound from the blood component.

Claims

1. An automated system for withdrawing a selected compound from the blood of a patient comprising:

(a) a sterile, pre-assembled, disposable fluid circuit comprising;

(i) means for withdrawing blood from a patient,

(ii) a separation chamber in flow communication with said withdrawing means, said separation chamber including a first sub-chamber for separating a blood component from blood,

(iii) a container containing a solvent adapted for extracting a selected compound from said blood component to provide a compound-depleted blood component,

(iv) means for combining said solvent with said blood component,

(v) said separation chamber having a second sub-chamber for separating the combination of said blood component and said solvent into a first phase which substantially comprises said compound-depleted blood component and a second phase which substantially comprises said solvent and said compound,

(vi) solvent removal means for removing solvent from said compound depleted component,

(vii) a flow control cassette having pre-formed flow path segments therein separated by valve stations for controlling communication between said flow path segments and inlet and outlet ports for communicating fluid through said fluid circuit, and

(viii) means for returning said compound-depleted blood component to said patient;

(b) a re-usable module adapted to cooperatively receive said fluid circuit, said re-usable module including;

means cooperatively associated with said separation chamber for effecting separation of said blood component from the remainder of said blood; and

means for cooperating with said valve stations to control the flow of fluid through said pre-formed flow paths of said cassette.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said blood comprises blood plasma.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said means for effecting separation comprises a rotatable centrifuge.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein said flow control cassette further comprises pump stations for pumping fluid through said flow path segments.

9. The automated system of claim 1 wherein said container includes a solvent for extracting lipids from blood plasma.

10. The automated system of claim 9 wherein said solvent comprises di-isopropylether.

11. The automated system of claim 1 wherein said solvent removal means comprises a wash solution.

12. The automated system of claim 11 wherein said wash solution is within a container in flow communication with said separation chamber.

13. The automated system of claim 1 wherein said solvent removal means comprises a second separator.

14. The automated system of claim 13 wherein said second separator employs a separation principle different from the separation principle employed for separating said blood component from blood.

15. The automated system of claim 13 wherein said separation principle employed for separating said blood component from blood is centrifugation and said second separator employs centrifugation.

16. The automated system of claim 13 wherein said second separator comprises a column packed with coated beads that have an affinity for said solvent.

17. The automated system of claim 13 wherein said second separation comprises a filter.

5. An automated system for withdrawing a selected compound from the blood of a patient comprising:

(a) a sterile, pre-assembled, disposable fluid circuit comprising;

(i) means for withdrawing blood from a patient,

(ii) a first separation means based on a first separation principle for separating a blood component including said compound from blood, wherein said first means is in flow communication with said withdrawing means,

(iii) a container containing a solvent adapted for extracting a said compound from said blood component to provide a compound-depleted blood component,

(iv) means for combining said solvent with said blood component,

(v) a second separation means based on a second separation principle for separating the combination of said blood component and said solvent into a first phase which substantially comprises said compound-depleted blood component and a second phase which substantially comprises said solvent and said compound,

(vi) solvent removal means for removing solvent from said compound depleted component,

(vii) a flow control cassette for controlling flow through said fluid circuit, said cassette having pre formed flow path segments therein separated by valve stations for controlling communication between said flow path segments and inlet and outlet ports for communicating fluids through said fluid circuit, and

(viii) means for returning said compound-depleted blood component to said patient;

(b) a reusable module adapted to cooperatively receive said fluid circuit, said reusable module including;

means for cooperating with said valve stations to control the flow of fluid through said pre-formed flow paths of said cassette.

6. The system of claim 5 wherein said re-usable module further comprises a centrifugal separator.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein said first separation means comprises a membrane and said second separation means comprises a chamber for use in association with said centrifugal separator.

8. The system of claim 6 wherein said first separation means comprises a chamber for use in association with said centrifugal separator.

18. The automated system of claim 5 wherein said container includes a solvent for extracting lipids from blood plasma.

19. The automated system of claim 5 wherein said solvent comprises di-isopropylether.

20. The automated system of claim 5 wherein said solvent removal means comprises a wash solution.

21. The automated system of claim 20 wherein said wash solution is within a container in flow communication with said second separation means.