Position location using broadcast television signals and mobile telephone signals

• US 6,717,547 B2
• Filed: 08/29/2002
• Issued: 04/06/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 06/21/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: TruePosition Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Rosum Corporation (Liberty Broadband Corp.)
• Inventors: Rabinowitz, Matthew, Spilker, James J. Jr., Omura, Jimmy K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Phan, Dao
• Application Number:
  US10/232,142
• Publication Number:
  US 20030085841A1
• Time in Patent Office: 586 Days
• Field of Search: 342/357.01, 342/357.06, 342/453, 342/457, 342/463, 342/464
• US Class Current: 342/464
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/205 for detecting the geographical location of the game platform
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/09 providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/10 providing dedicated supplementary positioning signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/46 the supplementary measurement being of a radio-wave signal type
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0036 of measured values, i.e. measurement on mobile and position calculation on base station
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0054 of actual mobile position, i.e. position calculation on base station
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0081 Transmission between base stations
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/021 Calibration, monitoring or correction G01S5/0252 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0226 Transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0236 Assistance data, e.g. base station almanac
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/14 Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/145 Using a supplementary range measurement, e.g. based on pseudo-range measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/25841 involving the geographical location of the client retrieval from the Internet by querying based on geographical locations G06F16/9537; arrangements for identifying locations of receiving stations in broadcast systems H04H60/51; location of the user terminal in data switching networks H04L67/52; services making use of the location of users or terminals in wireless networks H04W4/02; locating users or terminals in wireless networks H04W64/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2668 Creating a channel for a dedicated end-user group, e.g. insertion of targeted commercials based on end-user profiles information retrieval from the Internet by querying with filtering and personalisation G06F16/9535; arrangements for replacing or switching information during the broadcast H04H20/10; push services over packet-switching network H04L12/1859; adaptation of message content in packet-switching networks H04L51/063
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/41422 located in transportation means, e.g. personal vehicle arrangements specially adapted for transportation systems in broadcast systems H04H20/62
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/615 Signal processing at physical level signal processing in analog two-way television systems H04N7/173
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/8126 involving additional data, e.g. news, sports, stocks, weather forecasts

Abstract

A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media for determining the position of a user terminal comprises receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter; determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal; receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station; determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

Claims

1. A method for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

9. A method for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

determining a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the pseudo-range, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

16. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

17. A method for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

transmitting the first and second pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

24. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

transmitting the first, second and third pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

25. A method for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

determining a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

transmitting the pseudorange and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

28. The method of claim 26, further comprising:

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

transmitting the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudoranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

31. The method of claim 28, further comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

transmitting the first, second and third pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

32. The method of claim 25, further comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

transmitting the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

33. A method for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiving a first pseudo-range from the user terminal, the first pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

receiving a second pseudo-range from the user terminal, the second pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station based on a known component of a mobile telephone signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

37. The method of claim 33, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

40. The method of claim 33, further comprising:

receiving a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

41. A method for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiving a pseudo-range between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter, the pseudo-range determined based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

receiving a range between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station, the range determined based on a range signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

44. The method of claim 42, further comprising:

receiving a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station, the second pseudo-range determined based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

47. The method of claim 44, further comprising:

receiving a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite, the third pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

48. The method of claim 41, further comprising:

receiving a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite, the second pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

49. Computer-readable media embodying instructions executable by a computer to perform a method for determining the position of a user terminal, the method comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

50. The media of claim 49, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

51. The media of claim 50, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

52. The media of claim 51, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

53. The media of claim 49, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

54. The media of claim 53, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

55. The media of claim 54, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

56. The media of claim 49, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

57. Computer-readable media embodying instructions executable by a computer to perform a method for determining the position of a user terminal, the method comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

determining a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the pseudo-range, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

58. The media of claim 57, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

59. The media of claim 58, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

60. The media of claim 58, wherein the method further comprises:

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

61. The media of claim 60, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

62. The media of claim 61, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

63. The media of claim 60, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

64. The media of claim 57, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

65. Computer-readable media embodying instructions executable by a computer to perform a method for determining the position of a user terminal, the method comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

transmitting the first and second pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

66. The media of claim 65, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

67. The media of claim 66, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

68. The media of claim 67, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

69. The media of claim 65, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

70. The media of claim 69, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

71. The media of claim 70, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

72. The media of claim 65, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

transmitting the first, second and third pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

73. Computer-readable media embodying instructions executable by a computer to perform a method for determining the position of a user terminal, the method comprising:

receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

determining a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

transmitting the pseudorange and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

74. The media of claim 73, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

75. The media of claim 74, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

76. The media of claim 74, wherein the method further comprises:

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

transmitting the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

77. The media of claim 76, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

78. The media of claim 77, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

79. The media of claim 76, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

transmitting the first, second and third pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

80. The media of claim 73, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

transmitting the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

81. Computer-readable media embodying instructions executable by a computer to perform a method for determining the position of a user terminal, the method comprising:

receiving a first pseudo-range from the user terminal, the first pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

receiving a second pseudo-range from the user terminal, the second pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station based on a known component of a mobile telephone signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

82. The media of claim 81, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

83. The media of claim 82, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

84. The media of claim 83, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

85. The media of claim 81, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

86. The media of claim 85, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

87. The media of claim 86, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

88. The media of claim 81, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

89. Computer-readable media embodying instructions executable by a computer to perform a method for determining the position of a user terminal, the method comprising:

receiving a pseudo-range between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter, the pseudo-range determined based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

receiving a range between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station, the range determined based on a range signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

90. The media of claim 89, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

91. The media of claim 90, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

92. The media of claim 90, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station, the second pseudo-range determined based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

93. The media of claim 92, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

94. The media of claim 93, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

95. The media of claim 92, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite, the third pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

96. The media of claim 89, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite, the second pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

97. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

a receiver to receive at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

a processor to determine a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

wherein the processor determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

wherein the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

98. The apparatus of claim 97, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

99. The apparatus of claim 98, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

100. The apparatus of claim 99, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

101. The apparatus of claim 97, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

102. The apparatus of claim 101, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

103. The apparatus of claim 102, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

104. The apparatus of claim 97, wherein:

the receiver receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

105. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

a receiver to receive at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

a processor to determine a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

wherein the processor determines a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

wherein the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the pseudo-range, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

106. The apparatus of claim 105, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

107. The apparatus of claim 106, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

108. The apparatus of claim 106, wherein:

the processor determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

109. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

110. The apparatus of claim 109, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

111. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein:

the receiver receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

112. The apparatus of claim 105, wherein:

the receiver receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

113. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

a receiver to receive at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

a processor to determine a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

wherein the processor determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

a transmitter to transmitting the first and second pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudoranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

114. The apparatus of claim 113, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

115. The apparatus of claim 114, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

116. The apparatus of claim 115, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

117. The apparatus of claim 113, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

118. The apparatus of claim 117, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

119. The apparatus of claim 118, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

120. The apparatus of claim 113, wherein:

the receiver receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the transmitter transmits the first, second and third pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

121. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

a receiver to receive at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

a processor to determine a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

wherein the processor determines a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

a transmitter to transmit the pseudorange and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

122. The apparatus of claim 121, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

123. The apparatus of claim 122, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

124. The apparatus of claim 122, wherein:

the processor determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

the transmitter transmits the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

125. The apparatus of claim 124, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

126. The apparatus of claim 125, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

127. The apparatus of claim 124, wherein:

the receiver receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the transmitter transmits the first, second and third pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

128. The apparatus of claim 121, wherein:

the receiver receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the transmitter transmits the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

129. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

a receiver to receive a first pseudo-range from the user terminal, the first pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

wherein the receiver receives a second pseudo-range from the user terminal, the second pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station based on a known component of a mobile telephone signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

a processor to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

130. The apparatus of claim 129, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

131. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

132. The apparatus of claim 131, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

133. The apparatus of claim 129, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

134. The apparatus of claim 133, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

135. The apparatus of claim 134, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

136. The apparatus of claim 129, wherein:

the receiver receives a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

137. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

a receiver to receive a pseudo-range between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter, the pseudo-range determined based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

wherein the receiver receives a range between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station, the range determined based on a range signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

a processor to determine a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

138. The apparatus of claim 137, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

139. The apparatus of claim 138, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

140. The apparatus of claim 138, wherein:

the receiver receives a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station, the second pseudo-range determined based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

141. The apparatus of claim 140, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

142. The apparatus of claim 141, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

143. The apparatus of claim 140, wherein:

the receiver receives a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite, the third pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

144. The apparatus of claim 137, wherein:

the receiver receives a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite, the second pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

the processor determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

145. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiver means for receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

processor means for determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver means receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

wherein the processor means determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

wherein the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

146. The apparatus of claim 145, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

147. The apparatus of claim 146, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

148. The apparatus of claim 147, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

149. The apparatus of claim 145, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

150. The apparatus of claim 149, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

151. The apparatus of claim 150, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

152. The apparatus of claim 145, wherein:

the receiver means receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor means determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

153. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiver means for receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

processor means for determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver means receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

wherein the processor means determines a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

wherein the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the pseudo-range, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

154. The apparatus of claim 153, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

155. The apparatus of claim 154, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

156. The apparatus of claim 154, wherein:

the processor means determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

157. The apparatus of claim 156, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

158. The apparatus of claim 157, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

159. The apparatus of claim 156, wherein:

the receiver means receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor means determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

160. The apparatus of claim 153, wherein:

the receiver means receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor means determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

161. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiver means for receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

processor means for determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver means receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station;

wherein the processor means determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

transmitter means for transmitting the first and second pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

162. The apparatus of claim 161, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

163. The apparatus of claim 162, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

164. The apparatus of claim 163, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

165. The apparatus of claim 161, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

166. The apparatus of claim 165, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

167. The apparatus of claim 166, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

168. The apparatus of claim 161, wherein:

the receiver means receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor means determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the transmitter means transmits the first, second and third pseudoranges to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

169. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiver means for receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter;

processor means for determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal;

wherein the receiver means receives at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station, the mobile telephone signal comprising a range signal;

wherein the processor means determines a range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on the range signal; and

transmitter means for transmitting the pseudorange and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

170. The apparatus of claim 169, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

171. The apparatus of claim 170, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

172. The apparatus of claim 170, wherein:

the processor means determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

the transmitter means transmits the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

173. The apparatus of claim 172, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

174. The apparatus of claim 173, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

175. The apparatus of claim 172, wherein:

the receiver means receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor means determines a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the transmitter means transmits the first, second and third pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

176. The apparatus of claim 169, wherein:

the receiver means receives at the user terminal a global positioning signal from a global positioning satellite;

the processor means determines a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite based on the global positioning signal; and

the transmitter means transmits the first and second pseudo-ranges and the range to a location server configured to determine a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

177. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiver means for receiving a first pseudo-range from the user terminal, the first pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

wherein the receiver means receives a second pseudo-range from the user terminal, the second pseudo-range determined between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station based on a known component of a mobile telephone signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

processor means for determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

178. The apparatus of claim 177, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal.

179. The apparatus of claim 178, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

180. The apparatus of claim 179, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

181. The apparatus of claim 177, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal.

182. The apparatus of claim 181, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is an unmodulated PN sequence.

183. The apparatus of claim 182, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

184. The apparatus of claim 177, wherein:

the receiver means receives a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

185. An apparatus for determining the position of a user terminal, comprising:

receiver means for receiving a pseudo-range between the user terminal and a television signal transmitter, the pseudo-range determined based on a known component of a broadcast television signal transmitted by the television signal transmitter;

wherein the receiver means receives a range between the user terminal and a mobile telephone base station, the range determined based on a range signal transmitted by the mobile telephone base station; and

processor means for determining a position of the user terminal based on the pseudorange, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

186. The apparatus of claim 185, wherein the mobile telephone signal is a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal, and the range signal comprises a timing advance parameter.

187. The apparatus of claim 186, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

188. The apparatus of claim 186, wherein:

the receiver means receives a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station, the second pseudo-range determined based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

189. The apparatus of claim 188, wherein the known component of the mobile telephone signal is a training sequence.

190. The apparatus of claim 189, wherein the broadcast television signal is selected from the group comprising:

an American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television signal;

a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal;

a Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; and

an analog television signal.

191. The apparatus of claim 188, wherein:

the receiver means receives a third pseudo-range between the user terminal and the global positioning satellite, the third pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first, second and third pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.

192. The apparatus of claim 185, wherein:

the receiver means receives a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and a global positioning satellite, the second pseudo-range determined based on a global positioning signal transmitted by the global positioning satellite; and

the processor means determines a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, the range, a location of the television signal transmitter, a location of the mobile telephone base station, and a location of the global positioning satellite.