Automatic electrogram measurement

• US 6,721,592 B2
• Filed: 09/12/2001
• Issued: 04/13/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 09/12/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Willenbring, James E., Peichel, David, Neumann, Robert A., Huynh, Tho, Gabler, Robert A., Stroebel, John C., Pape, Forrest C. M.
• Primary Examiner(s): LAYNO, CARL HERNANDZ
• Application Number:
  US09/952,717
• Publication Number:
  US 20030050564A1
• Time in Patent Office: 944 Days
• Field of Search: 600/509, 600/517, 600/521, 607/9
• US Class Current: 600/509
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/352 Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus; Estimating R-R interval
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3704 Circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. for sensitivity control

Abstract

Techniques for monitoring the magnitudes of representative filtered EGM signals over time. In a typical implementation, a group of digital peak values is generated in a time period and a representative digital peak value is selected for the time period. By comparing representative peak values for several time periods, changes in signal efficacy can be identified.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

filtering a first signal of a first single cardiac cycle sensed by an electrode;

generating a first digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak of the first filtered signal;

filtering a second signal of a second single cardiac cycle sensed by the electrode;

generating a second digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak of the second filtered signal; and

selecting a representative digital value as a function of the first peak digital value and the second peak digital value.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the first digital peak value in memory.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting the peak of the first filtered signal.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

validating the first signal according to a validation criterion; and

rejecting the first signal when the first signal fails to satisfy the validation criterion.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

comparing the representative digital value to an alert threshold; and

generating an alert when the representative digital value falls below the alert threshold, the alert notifying at least one of a patient and a physician.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first digital peak value corresponds to one of a P-wave and an R-wave.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

filtering a third signal of a third single cardiac cycle sensed by the electrode;

generating a third digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak of the third filtered signal;

filtering a fourth signal of a fourth single cardiac cycle sensed by the electrode;

generating a fourth digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak of the fourth filtered signal;

filtering a fifth signal of a fifth single cardiac cycle sensed by the electrode;

generating a fifth digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak of the fifth filtered signal; and

selecting the median digital peak value from the digital peak values.

8. A method comprising:

filtering a first signal of a first single cardiac cycle sensed by an electrode in a first time period;

generating a first digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak of the first filtered signal;

filtering a second signal of a second single cardiac cycle sensed by the electrode in a second time period;

generating a second digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak of the second filtered signal; and

reporting an output as a function of the first digital value and the second digital value; and

comparing the peak values to identify a change in the cardiac signals.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein reporting an output comprises reporting the first digital value and the second digital value.

10. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

selecting the first digital peak value from a first plurality of digital peak values generated in the first time period; and

selecting the second digital peak value from a second plurality of digital peak values generated in the second time period.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the first time period is approximately twenty-four hours after the second time period.

12. The method of claim 8, further comprising generating an alert.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising adjusting a sense threshold.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein comparing the peak values to identify a change in the cardiac signals comprises comparing the peak values to identify attenuation in the cardiac signals.

15. A device comprising:

a first filter that receives a single cardiac cycle signal sensed by an electrode implanted in a heart and generates a first filtered cardiac signal;

a second filter that receives the first filtered cardiac signal and generates a second filtered cardiac signal;

a peak detector that senses the peak of the second filtered cardiac signal;

a sample-and-hold circuit that captures the magnitude of the peak of the second filtered cardiac signal; and

an analog-to-digital converter that generates a digital peak value as a function of the magnitude of the peak.

16. The device of claim 15, further comprising a third filter that receives the first filtered cardiac signal and generates a third filtered cardiac signal, wherein the second filter and the third filter comprise band-pass filters, the second filter having a higher dynamic range than the third filter.

17. The device of claim 15, further comprising memory that stores the digital peak value.

18. The device of claim 15, further comprising a processor that accepts the peak value when the cardiac cycle signal satisfies a validation, criterion and rejects the cardiac cycle signal when the signal fails to satisfy the validation criterion.

19. The device of claim 15, further comprising a processor that selects a representative peak value from a plurality of peak values.

20. A method comprising:

selecting, within a first time period, a first peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a first plurality of peak values; and

selecting, within a second time period, a second peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a second plurality of peak values, wherein the first peak value is representative of the first plurality of peak values, and the second peak value is representative of the second plurality of peak values, and wherein the first peak value is the median of the first plurality of peak values.

21. A method comprising:

selecting, within a first time period, a first peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a first plurality peak values; and

selecting, within a second time period, a second peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a second plurality of peak values, wherein the first plurality of peak values comprises five peak values.

22. A method comprising:

selecting, within a first time period, a first peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a first plurality of peak values;

selecting, within a second time period, a second peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a second plurality of peak values; and

reporting the first peak value and the second peak value.

23. A method comprising:

selecting, within a first time period, a first peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a first plurality of peak values; and

selecting, within a second time period, a second peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a second plurality of peak values, wherein each of the first plurality of peak values comprises the maximum amplitude of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle within the first time period, and each of the second plurality of peak values comprises the maximum amplitude of a filtered eleotrogram signal for a cardiac cycle within the second time period, and wherein each of the first and second pluralities of peak values corresponds to one of a P-wave and an R-wave.

24. A method comprising:

selecting, within a first time period, a first peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a first plurality of peak values; and

selecting, within a second time period, a second peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a second plurality of peak values, wherein each of the first plurality of ask values corn rises the maximum amplitude of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle within the first time period, and each of the second plurality of peak values comprises the maximum amplitude of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle within the second time period, and wherein the first time period is approximately twenty-four hours after the second time period.

25. A method comprising:

selecting, within a first time period, a first peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a first plurality of peak values; and

selecting, within a second time period a second peak value of a filtered electrogram signal for a cardiac cycle from a second plurality of peak values; and

comparing the first peak value to the second peak value to identify a change in the filtered electrogram signals.

26. A method comprising:

sensing a first plurality of cardiac signals;

selecting a first representative digital value for the first plurality of cardiac signals;

sensing a second plurality of cardiac signals;

selecting a second representative digital value for the second plurality of cardiac signals; and

comparing the representative digital values to identify a change in the cardiac signals.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein selecting a first representative digital value for the first plurality of cardiac signals comprises:

generating a plurality of digital peak values as a function of magnitudes of the first plurality of cardiac signals; and

selecting the first representative digital value from among the plurality of digital peak values.

28. The method of claim 26, further comprising:

sensing the first plurality of cardiac signals in a first time period; and

sensing the second plurality of cardiac signals in a second time period.

29. The method of claim 26, wherein the first and second representative digital values corresponds to one of a P-wave and an R-wave.

30. A method comprising:

monitoring digital peak values of a plurality of representative filtered cardiac electrogram signals; and

determining whether the magnitudes of the signals are changing over time.

31. The method of claim 30, further comprising adjusting a sense threshold in response to the determination.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein adjusting a sense threshold in response to the determination comprises adjusting the sense threshold downward when the magnitudes of the signals are changing downward.

33. The method of claim 30, wherein a digital peak value of a representative filtered cardiac electrogram signal comprises a median of a second plurality of digital peak values of representative filtered cardiac electrogram signals occurring within a time period lasting less than twenty-four hours.

34. The method of claim 30, further comprising performing a diagnostic to evaluate the cause of a change in signal magnitudes.