Microfluidic device and system with improved sample handling
First Claim
1. An improved microfluidics device having a supply channel for holding a sample, a drain channel, and a separation channel for containing an electrolyte buffer, where said supply and drain channels intersect said separation channel at a supply port and a drain port, respectively, which ports define a sample-volume region in the separation channel between the two ports, and first, second, third, and fourth reservoirs communicating with the supply channel, the drain channel, and upstream and downstream ends of the separation channel, respectively, such that applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the first and second reservoirs is effective to move a sample from the first reservoir through the sample-volume region in the separation channel and into the drain channel, and applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the third and fourth reservoirs is effective to move a sample in the sample-volume region in the separation channel in a downstream direction, the improvement being an improvement for sample volume control, comprising at least one of the following channel configurations:
- (a) first and second peripheral channels connecting the supply channel to upstream and downstream regions of the separation channel, respectively, on opposite sides of the sample-volume region, such that applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the first and second reservoirs is effective to move a sample from the first reservoir through the supply channel, the sample-volume region in the separation channel and into the drain channel, via the supply and drain channels, and to move electrolyte solution contained in the first and second peripheral channels and upstream and downstream regions of the separation channel toward the sample-volume region and into the drain channel, thereby shaping the sample in the sample-volume region during sample loading; and
(b) said second peripheral channel peripheral channel connecting the supply channel and the drain channel, respectively, to a downstream region of the separation channel, respectively, such that applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the third and fourth reservoirs is effective to move a sample in the sample-volume region in the separation channel in a downstream direction, and to move electrolyte solution contained in the upstream region of the separation channel through the second and third peripheral channels, thereby moving sample contained in the supply and drain channels away from the sample-volume region of the separation channel during sample injection.
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Abstract
An improved microfluidics device and system for sample loading and injection are disclosed. The device includes three main channels—a separation channel, supply channel, and drain channel—for use in loading and injecting a sample from the supply channel. Pairs of peripheral channels connecting the supply channel with upstream and downstream regions of the separation channel, and connecting supply and drain channels to a downstream region of the separation channel promote fluid flow and/or ion in the channel network to effect (i) sample shaping in the separation channel, when an electrokinetic or pneumatic force is applied between the supply and drain channels, and (ii) sample pullback in the supply and drain channels, when an electrokinetic or pneumatic force is applied between opposite ends of the separation channel. The system incorporates the device, electrodes that interact with reservoirs in the device, and a control unit.
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Citations
11 Claims
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1. An improved microfluidics device having a supply channel for holding a sample, a drain channel, and a separation channel for containing an electrolyte buffer, where said supply and drain channels intersect said separation channel at a supply port and a drain port, respectively, which ports define a sample-volume region in the separation channel between the two ports, and first, second, third, and fourth reservoirs communicating with the supply channel, the drain channel, and upstream and downstream ends of the separation channel, respectively, such that applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the first and second reservoirs is effective to move a sample from the first reservoir through the sample-volume region in the separation channel and into the drain channel, and applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the third and fourth reservoirs is effective to move a sample in the sample-volume region in the separation channel in a downstream direction, the improvement being an improvement for sample volume control, comprising at least one of the following channel configurations:
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(a) first and second peripheral channels connecting the supply channel to upstream and downstream regions of the separation channel, respectively, on opposite sides of the sample-volume region, such that applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the first and second reservoirs is effective to move a sample from the first reservoir through the supply channel, the sample-volume region in the separation channel and into the drain channel, via the supply and drain channels, and to move electrolyte solution contained in the first and second peripheral channels and upstream and downstream regions of the separation channel toward the sample-volume region and into the drain channel, thereby shaping the sample in the sample-volume region during sample loading; and
(b) said second peripheral channel peripheral channel connecting the supply channel and the drain channel, respectively, to a downstream region of the separation channel, respectively, such that applying an electrokinetic or pneumatic force between the third and fourth reservoirs is effective to move a sample in the sample-volume region in the separation channel in a downstream direction, and to move electrolyte solution contained in the upstream region of the separation channel through the second and third peripheral channels, thereby moving sample contained in the supply and drain channels away from the sample-volume region of the separation channel during sample injection. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
(a) the improved microfluidics device of any of claims 1-10, (b) electrodes adapted to contact liquid contained in the device reservoirs, and (c) a control unit for controlling the electric potential difference between the first and second reservoirs, during sample loading, and between the third and fourth and reservoirs, during sample injection.
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Specification