Electrochemical device such as an electrically controlled system with variable optical and/or energy properties
First Claim
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1. An electrochemical device comprising:
- at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said higher-conductivity material is incorporated in said electrically conducting layer.
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Abstract
An electrochemical device including at least one carrier substrate, and a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, the higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of the electrically conducting layer.
94 Citations
32 Claims
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1. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said higher-conductivity material is incorporated in said electrically conducting layer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 22, 23, 28, 29, 32)
the device of claim 1;
wherein said device uses as carrier substrate a) at least one rigid constituent substrate of a glazing or b) at least one flexible substrate combined by lamination with one rigid constituent substrate of said glazing or c) a combination of a) and b).
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29. A method of making a glazing, comprising:
lamination the device of claim 1 with at least one rigid constituent substrate.
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32. The device of claim 1, which is an electrically controllable system having variable optical properties or variable energy properties or both.
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10. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said network comprises a plurality of conducting strips obtained by screen printing using a paste-like suspension of a silver-type metal and a low-melting-point frit in an organic binder. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. An electrochemical device having at least one carrier substrate, and a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s) and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, the device obtained by a process comprising:
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screen-printing said network onto a glass-type carrier substrate to obtain a screen-printed network;
covering said screen-printed network with said at least one electrically conducting layer in order to form said multicomponent electrode;
orlaying down said network on said electrically conducting layer covering said carrier substrate.
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13. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said network comprises a plurality of conducting wires in the form of essentially metallic wires surface-laid on a sheet comprising a thermoplastic polymer.
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16. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said network comprises a fabric, a net or a metallic nonwoven material and is a network surface-laid on a sheet comprising a thermoplastic polymer.
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17. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and n multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said network is obtained by etching or perforating a metallic layer or a metallic sheet.
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18. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said multicomponent electrode comprises said at least one electrically conducting layer and at least one layer comprising said higher-conductivity material in electrical contact;
wherein at least one of said at least one electrically conducting layer and said at least one layer comprising said higher-conductivity material are optionally in contact with at least one layer comprising a dielectric material.
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19. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, as least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said at least one layer comprising a dielectric material has an optical a function of anchoring said at least on layer comprising said higher-conductivity material to said carrier substrate or a function as a barrier to a migration of alkaline species coming from said carrier substrate which is glass. - View Dependent Claims (20)
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21. An electrochemical device comprising:
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at least one carrier substrate; and
a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemical active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, wherein said multicomponent electrode comprises a sequence ITO/Ag/ITO or Ag/ITO with optional interposition of at least one thin layer of partially oxidized metal at an Ag/ITO interface.
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24. An electrochromic system, with at least one carrier substrate and a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, comprising at least, in succession.
a first electrically conducting layer, an electrochemically active layer liable to reversible insertion of ions of anodic-coloring or, respectively, cathodic-coloring electrochromic material type, a layer of electrolyte, a second electrochemically active layer to reversible insertion of ions of anodic-coloring or, respectively, anodic-coloring electrochromic material type, and a second electrically conducting layer, wherein at least one of said first and said second electrically conducting layer comprises said electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s); - and
wherein at least one of said first and said second electrically conducting layer is part of said multicomponent electrode. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26)
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27. A viologenic system comprising at least one carrier substrate and a stack of functional layers comprising at least one electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer, comprising at least, in succession,
a first electrically conducting layers, a film having viologenic properties in the form of a polymer, of a gel or of a suspension in a liquid medium, and a second electrically conducting layer; -
wherein at least one of said first and second electrically conducting layer comprises said electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s); and
wherein at least one of said first and said second electrically conducting layer is part of said multicomponent electrode.
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- 30. An electrochemical energy storage device, comprising an electrochemical device including at least one carrier substrate and a stack of functional layers comprising at least on electrically conducting layer comprising metal oxide(s), and a multicomponent electrode including at least one electrochemically active layer, at least one higher-conductivity material and at least one network of one of conducting wires and conducting strips, said higher-conductivity material having a surface resistance which is lower than a surface resistance of said electrically conducting layer.
Specification