Multi-target links for navigating between hypertext documents and the like

• US 6,751,777 B2
• Filed: 10/19/1998
• Issued: 06/15/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 10/19/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Day, Paul Reuben, Bates, Cary Lee
• Primary Examiner(s): Hong, Stephen S.
• Application Number:
  US09/174,952
• Publication Number:
  US 20030188263A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,066 Days
• Field of Search: 707/501.1, 707/513, 707/1-4, 707/104.1, 709/217-219, 709/232-235, 709/238, 709/223, 715/501.1, 715/513
• US Class Current: 715/206
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/9558 Details of hyperlinks; Management of linked annotations
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/9562 Bookmark management

Abstract

An apparatus, program product, and method utilize a multi-target link to selectively access data located at one or more of a plurality of storage locations associated with the link. Thus, when a user activates a particular multi-target link, a request may be forwarded to different storage locations in different circumstances to optimize utilization of the link, rather than the request being forwarded to the same single storage location as occurs with conventional hypertext links and bookmarks. A multi-target link may be implemented as a hypertext link defined by a hypertext link definition embedded in a hypertext document, or as a bookmark for use in a custom bookmark list for a user. Moreover, various types of data, including hypertext documents, files, and the like, may be accessed from one or more of the storage locations for a multi-target link.

Claims

1. A method of accessing data with a computer, comprising:

(a) displaying a display representation of a multi-target link, wherein the multi-target link includes identifiers for a plurality of storage locations associated with the multi-target link, wherein the multi-target link is defined in one of a displayed document and a data structure for a bookmark, and wherein the identifiers for the plurality of storage locations are stored in the one of the displayed document and the data structure for the bookmark;

(b) receiving user input directed to the multi-target link; and

(c) in response to receiving the user input, automatically selecting at least one of the identifiers for the plurality of storage locations and accessing data stored at a selected one of the plurality of storage locations that is associated with the selected identifier.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-target link is defined in a hypertext document by a multi-target hypertext link definition, the method further comprising displaying a display representation of the hypertext document.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the data stored at the selected storage location includes a second hypertext document, wherein the first and second hypertext documents are defined in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), and wherein the multi-target hypertext link definition is delimited with a HTML tag.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-target link is defined in one of a plurality of bookmarks in a bookmark list.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of storage locations are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URL'"'"'s).

6. The method of claim 1, wherein accessing data at the selected storage location includes retrieving a hypertext document stored at the selected storage location.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein accessing data stored at the selected storage location includes attempting to access data at a first storage location in the plurality of storage locations, and thereafter attempting to access data at a second storage location in the plurality of storage locations if the attempt to access data at the first storage location is unsuccessful.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising determining whether the data at the first storage location is accessible prior to receiving the user input directed to the multi-target link.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the selected identifier is based upon a predetermined selection criteria.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative access times of files respectively stored at the plurality of storage locations.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising determining which of the plurality of storage locations has a shortest access time by pinging each storage location to determine a response time therefor, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the storage location having the fastest response time.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising determining which of the plurality of storage locations has the shortest access time by retrieving data from each storage location to determine a transfer rate therefor, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the storage location having the highest transfer rate.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative sizes of files respectively stored at the plurality of storage locations.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative ages of files respectively stored at the plurality of storage locations.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising determining which of the plurality of storage locations is the most recent by determining a last update time for the file stored at each storage location, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the storage location associated with the file having the most recent last update time.

17. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a predetermined chronological criteria.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein each storage location has a predetermined chronological condition, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the storage location in which at least one of a current system time and current system date meets the predetermined chronological condition thereof.

19. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a previously-viewed status of each of the plurality of storage locations.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising determining the previously-viewed status of each of the plurality of storage locations by accessing a local cache.

21. The method of claim 19, further comprising determining the previously-viewed status of each of the plurality of storage locations by accessing a local bookmark list.

22. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative popularity of each of the plurality of storage locations.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising determining the relative popularity of each of the plurality of storage locations by retrieving a hit indicator for each of the plurality of storage locations, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the storage location having the highest hit indicator.

24. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a local user setting.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the local user setting includes a language setting that indicates a predetermined language, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the storage location at which is stored a file that displays information to a user in the predetermined language.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein the local user setting includes a character set setting that indicates a predetermined character set, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the storage location at which is stored a file that displays information to a user in the predetermined character set.

27. The method of claim 24, wherein the local user setting includes at least one of a capability of a browser program used to view the accessed data, and a version type desired to be displayed by the browser program.

28. The method of claim 24, wherein the local user setting includes a skill level of a user.

29. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a version type of a hypertext document stored at one of the plurality of storage locations.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the version type is selected from the group consisting of a text-only version type, a graphics version type, a Java version type, a non-Java version type, a scripted version type, a non-scripted version type, and combinations thereof.

31. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a predetermined context criteria representing a current context upon receipt of the user input directed to the multi-target link.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the predetermined context criteria is based at least in part on a previously-viewed status of each of a plurality of associated hypertext links.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the plurality of associated hypertext links are defined in a currently-viewed hypertext document.

34. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined context criteria is based at least in part on a sanctioned status for each of the plurality of storage locations.

35. The method of claim 34, further comprising determining the sanctioned status for each of the plurality of storage locations by accessing a list of sanctioned storage locations, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for a storage location in the plurality of storage locations that is also found in the list of sanctioned storage locations.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the list of sanctioned storage locations is maintained by a third party.

37. The method of claim 35, wherein the list of sanctioned storage locations includes at least one wildcard entry, and wherein selecting the selected identifier further includes determining that a predetermined storage location is found in the list of sanctioned storage locations by comparing the predetermined storage location with the wildcard entry.

38. The method of claim 34, further comprising determining the sanctioned status for each of the plurality of storage locations by accessing a list of unsanctioned storage locations, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes inhibiting selection of any storage location in the plurality of storage locations that is also found in the list of unsanctioned storage locations.

39. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of storage locations are organized into a predetermined sequence, and wherein selecting the selected identifier includes selecting as the selected identifier an identifier for a next storage location in the predetermined sequence.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein selecting as the selected identifier further includes selecting as the selected identifier the identifier for the first storage location in the predetermined sequence if no next storage location exists in the predetermined sequence.

41. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of storage locations are organized into a predetermined sequence, the method further comprising sequentially accessing data at each storage location in the predetermined sequence in response to user input.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the multi-target link is defined in a first hypertext document, wherein sequentially accessing data at each storage location is performed in response to user input to return to the first hypertext document.

43. The method of claim 1, further comprising accessing data stored at each additional storage location in the plurality of storage locations.

44. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

indicating on the display representation of the multi-target link a percentage of the plurality of storage locations from which data has been accessed.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein indicating the percentage of the plurality of storage locations from which data has been accessed comprises displaying a bar having visually distinct first and second regions abutting one another along a common axis, with the relative lengths of the first and second regions sized to respectively indicate the percentage of the plurality of storage locations from which data has been accessed, and the percentage of the plurality of storage locations from which data has not been accessed.

46. The method of claim 45, further comprising displaying a list of the plurality of storage locations in response to user input directed to the bar.

47. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying in a direct access list a display representation of at least a portion of the plurality of storage locations, and accessing data at one of the plurality of storage locations in response to user input directed to the display representation of the one of the plurality of storage locations.

63. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the local user setting includes at least one of a language setting that indicates a predetermined language, a character set setting that indicates a predetermined character set, a capability of a browser program used to view the accessed data, a version type desired to be displayed by the browser program, and a skill level of a user.

10. A method of accessing data with a computer, comprising:

(a) receiving user input directed to a multi-target link, the multi-target link identifying a plurality of storage locations associated therewith;

(b) in response to receiving the user input, accessing data stored at a selected one of the plurality of storage locations; and

(c) selecting the selected storage location from the plurality of storage locations based upon a predetermined selection criteria, wherein the multi-target link is defined in a hypertext document by a multi-target hypertext link definition, and wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on data embedded in the multi-target hypertext link definition.

48. A method of accessing a hypertext document, comprising:

(a) displaying a display representation of at least a portion of a first hypertext document on a computer display;

(b) displaying a display representation of a multi-target hypertext link defined in the first hypertext document on the computer display, the multi-target hypertext link including a plurality of Uniform Resource Locators (URL'"'"'s) associated therewith and defined in the first hypertext document; and

(c) in response to user input directed to the display representation of the multi-target hypertext link;

(1) automatically selecting at least one of the plurality of URL'"'"'s based upon a predetermined selection criteria; and

(2) navigating to the selected URL.

49. A method of accessing a hypertext document, comprising:

(a) displaying display representations of at least a portion of a plurality of bookmarks in a bookmark list, the plurality of bookmarks including a multi-target bookmark identifying a plurality of Uniform Resource Locators (URL'"'"'s) associated therewith, wherein the plurality of URL'"'"'s are stored in a data structure for the multi-target bookmark; and

(b) in response to user input directed to the display representation of the multi-target bookmark;

(1) automatically selecting at least one of the plurality of URL'"'"'s based upon a predetermined selection criteria; and

(2) navigating to the selected URL.

50. An apparatus, comprising:

(a) a memory;

(b) a multi-target link resident in the memory, the multi-target link including identifiers for a plurality of storage locations associated therewith, wherein the multi-target link is defined in one of a displayed document and a data structure for a bookmark that is resident in the memory, and wherein the identifiers for the plurality of storage locations are stored in the one of the displayed document and the data structure for the bookmark; and

(c) a program resident in the memory, the program configured to display a display representation of the multi-target link, and to automatically select at least one of the identifiers for the plurality of storage locations and access data stored at a selected one of the plurality of storage locations that is associated with the selected identifier in response to user input directed to the multi-target link.

51. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the multi-target link is defined in a hypertext document by a multi-target hypertext link definition.

52. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the multi-target link is defined in one of a plurality of bookmarks in a bookmark list.

53. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the program is configured to access data at the selected storage location by retrieving a hypertext document stored at the selected storage location.

54. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the program is configured to access data stored at the selected storage location by attempting to access data at a first storage location in the plurality of storage locations, and thereafter attempting to access data at a second storage location in the plurality of storage locations if the attempt to access data at the first storage location is unsuccessful.

55. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the program is configured to select the selected identifier based upon a predetermined selection criteria.

56. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative access times of files respectively stored at the plurality of storage locations.

57. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative sizes of files respectively stored at the plurality of storage locations.

58. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative ages of files respectively stored at the plurality of storage locations.

59. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a predetermined chronological criteria.

60. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a previously-viewed status of each of the plurality of storage locations.

61. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on the relative popularity of each of the plurality of storage locations.

62. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a local user setting.

64. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a version type of a hypertext document stored at one of the plurality of storage locations.

65. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined selection criteria is based at least in part on a predetermined context criteria representing a current context upon receipt of the user input directed to the multi-target link.

66. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the predetermined context criteria is based at least in part on a sanctioned status for each of the plurality of storage locations.

67. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the plurality of storage locations are organized into a predetermined sequence, and wherein the program is configured to select the selected identifier by selecting the identifier for a next storage location in the predetermined sequence.

68. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein the plurality of storage locations are organized into a predetermined sequence, the program further configured to sequentially access data at each storage location in the predetermined sequence in response to user input.

69. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the program is further configured to access data stored at each additional storage location in the plurality of storage locations.

70. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the program is further configured to indicate on the display representation of the multi-target link a percentage of the plurality of storage locations from which data has been accessed.

71. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the program is further configured to display in a direct access list a display representation of at least a portion of the plurality of storage locations, and to access data at one of the plurality of storage locations in response to user input directed to the display representation of the the one of the plurality of storage locations.

72. A program product, comprising:

(a) a program configured to display a display representation of a multi-target link that includes identifiers for a plurality of storage locations associated therewith, and in response to user input directed to the multi-target link thereto, to automatically select at least one of the identifiers for the plurality of storage locations and access data stored at a selected one of a plurality of storage locations that is associated with the selected identifier, wherein the multi-target link is defined in one of a displayed document and a data structure for a bookmark, and wherein the identifiers for the plurality of storage locations are stored in the one of the displayed document and the data structure for the bookmark; and

(b) a signal bearing media bearing the program.

73. The program product of claim 72, wherein the signal bearing media comprises at least one of a recordable media and a transmission-type media.

74. A method of generating a hypertext document, the method comprising:

(a) authoring a hypertext document; and

(b) embedding within the hypertext document a multi-target hypertext link definition, the multi-target hypertext link definition including identifiers for a plurality of storage locations associated therewith, wherein the identifiers are embedded within the hypertext document.

75. A program product, comprising:

(a) a hypertext document, the hypertext document having embedded therein at least one multi-target hypertext link definition, the multi-target hypertext link definition including identifiers for a plurality of storage locations associated therewith, wherein the identifiers are embedded within the hypertext document; and

(b) a signal bearing media bearing the hypertext document.