Remote actuation of trajectory guide

• US 6,752,812 B1
• Filed: 11/21/2000
• Issued: 06/22/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/1997
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Regents of The University of Minnesota (University of Minnesota)
• Original Assignee: Regents of The University of Minnesota (University of Minnesota)
• Inventors: Truwit, Charles L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Reip, David O.
• Application Number:
  US09/717,643
• Time in Patent Office: 1,309 Days
• Field of Search: 606/130, 606/96, 606/108, 606/185, 606/190, 604/104, 604/174, 604/179, 604/180, 604/513, 604/539, 128/DIG.26
• US Class Current: 606/130
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00243 cardiac
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00398 using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00539 hydraulically
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00911 for fields applied by a magnetic resonance imaging system
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3954 magnetic, e.g. NMR or MRI
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/11 with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/36 Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for

Abstract

A surgical method and apparatus for accurately aligning the trajectory of, guiding of, and introducing or withdrawal of an instrument is disclosed. The apparatus includes a base which has a movable member movably attached to the base. The movable member has a passage therein which forms a portion of the trajectory path. A positioning stem further includes a first locator and a second locator. The first and second locators are associated with two different portions of the positioning stem so that they are essentially two points on a line. The first and second locators are also locatable by a scanning or imaging system. The positioning stem is removably attached to said movable member and used to position the movable member. Moving the movable member also moves the passage therein to different trajectories. Once the passage within the movable member more or less is aligned with a target within the body, a locking member locks the movable member into a fixed position. The movable member can be moved to different trajectories using a first hydraulic system. A second hydraulic system can be used to introduce or withdraw an instrument to or from the patient. A mechanical advancement tool can be substituted for the second hydraulic system. The surgical instrument may also be provided with a remote portion for controlling the instrument from a remote location. The instrument can also be computer controlled.

Claims

1. A surgical device for use with surgical instruments comprising:

a base unit further comprising;

a first open end;

a second open end; and

a flat portion positioned near one of the first open end or the second open end of the base unit; and

a flexible body patch attached to the flat portion of the base unit, said flexible body patch for attaching the base unit to a patient, said other of the first open end or the second open end of the base unit for receiving a surgical instrument; and

a ring engaged with the base unit on an inner diameter and engaged with the flexible body patch on an outer diameter, said ring enabling rotation of the base unit with respect to the flexible body patch.

2. The surgical device of claim 1, wherein the base unit rotates with respect to the flexible body patch.

3. The surgical device of claim 1, wherein the base unit further comprises a tubular portion between the first end and the second end.

4. The surgical device of claim 1, wherein the base unit further comprises a tubular portion between the first end and the second end, said tubular portion being angled with respect to the flat portion.

5. The surgical device of claim 1, wherein one of the first open end and the second open end is cup-shaped, said cup-shaped open end receiving a moveable member.

6. The surgical device of claim 5 wherein the moveable member further comprises:

an end that fits within the cup-shaped end; and

an end carrying RF microcoils.

7. The surgical device of claim 1, in which at least a portion of the flexible body patch is adhesive.

8. The surgical device of claim 1, in which the base unit comprises a trajectory guide for steering an instrument to a desired target within a body.

9. The surgical device of claim 8, in which the trajectory guide comprises an orientable and fixable ball-and-socket to aim a trajectory for the instrument.

10. The surgical device of claim 1, in which the base unit comprises a moveable member.

11. The surgical device of claim 10, in which the movable member includes at least one remotely detectable positioning locator.